Bright, circularly polarized black-body radiation from twisted nanocarbon filaments.

Planck's law ignores but does not prohibit black-body radiation (BBR) from being circularly polarized. BBR from nanostructured filaments with twisted geometry from nanocarbon or metal has strong ellipticity from 500 to 3000 nanometers. The submicrometer-scale chirality of these filaments satisfies the dimensionality requirements imposed by fluctuation-dissipation theorem and requires symmetry breaking in absorptivity and emissivity according to Kirchhoff's law.

Propylparaben-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress triggers G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and initiates caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in human lung cells.

Background: Propylparaben (PrP) is commonly used as an antimicrobial agent in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. While recent studies have shown that PrP exposure can cause various disruptions in cellular physiology, the precise mechanisms behind these effects remain unclear.

Objective: In this study, we sought to examine the cytotoxic effects of PrP exposure on human lung cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

USP21-EGFR signaling axis is functionally implicated in metastatic colorectal cancer.

The emerging role of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21) in stabilizing Fra-1 (FOSL1) highlights its involvement in promoting colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis. Additionally, a reciprocal link between EGFR signaling and Fra-1 activation has been identified, mediated through matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). However, the functional implications of the USP21-EGFR signaling axis in metastatic CRC (mCRC) are not fully understood.

Evaluation of Concrete Compressive Strength Prediction Using the Maturity Method Incorporating Various Curing Temperatures and Binder Compositions.

This study aims to systematically analyze the effects of different curing temperatures, unit binder content, and the mixture ratios of ground granulated blast-furnace slag and fly ash based on ordinary Portland cement in binders on the development of concrete compressive strength. Particularly, the study evaluates strength characteristics by calculating the maturity equivalent to 28 days of curing at 20 °C. A model based on the relationship between maturity and strength was applied to predict the compressive strength, and the experimental data were analyzed to derive strength coefficients for each variable.

Comparative study of cytotoxic Signaling pathways in H1299 cells exposed to alternative Bisphenols: BPA, BPF, and BPS.

Background: Bisphenols are prevalent in food, plastics, consumer goods, and industrial products. Bisphenol A (BPA) and its substitutes, bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS), are known to act as estrogen mimics, leading to reproductive disorders, disruptions in fat metabolism, and abnormalities in brain development.

Objectives: Despite numerous studies exploring the adverse effects of bisphenols both and , the molecular mechanisms by which these compounds affect lung cells remain poorly understood.

Ferroptosis in the Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta of Mice: Triggering Role of Ultrafine Diesel Exhaust Particles and Mitigation by α-Lipoic Acid.

Recent epidemiological and experimental studies have increasingly highlighted the association between environmental pollution, especially ultrafine particulate matter (PM), and the risk of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). These previous studies suggest a potential mechanism by which ultrafine PM contributes to neuronal damage through processes, such as iron accumulation and oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the effects of ultrafine PM on ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, in the mouse substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and to evaluate the protective role of α-lipoic acid (ALA).

Impact of cytotoxic therapy on clonal hematopoiesis and myeloid neoplasms in breast cancer patients.

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH), which is characterized by variants of hematopoietic stem cells, increases the risk of subsequent myeloid neoplasms (MNs). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of CH variants in breast cancer (BC) patients treated with cytotoxic therapy (CT), focusing on those who developed MNs after cytotoxic therapy (MN-pCT). We retrospectively analyzed 107 BC patients from a biobank and sequenced peripheral blood and bone marrow samples from 31 CH-associated genes at 2 time points.

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cytology in pregnancy.

Cervical cancer screening during pregnancy presents unique challenges for cytologic interpretation. This review focuses on pregnancy-associated cytomorphological changes and their impact on diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. Pregnancy-induced alterations include navicular cells, hyperplastic endocervical cells, immature metaplastic cells, and occasional decidual cells or trophoblasts.

CXCL11 reprograms M2-biased macrophage polarization to alleviate pulmonary fibrosis in mice.

Background: In understanding the pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis (PF), macrophage plasticity has been implicated with a crucial role in the fibrogenic process. Growing evidence indicates that accumulation of M2 macrophages correlates with the progression of PF, suggesting that targeted modulation of molecules that influence M2 macrophage polarization could be a promising therapeutic approach for PF. Here, we demonstrated a decisive role of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CXCL11) in driving M1 macrophage polarization to alleviate PF in the bleomycin-induced murine model.

Choice versus no choice: Practical considerations for increasing choices.

Choice involves engaging in a selection response when multiple options are concurrently available. Choices can be incorporated into many components of behavior-analytic treatment such as providing clients with a choice between multiple items, activities, or tasks. We reviewed the main characteristics of 38 behavior-analytic articles that compared choice and no-choice conditions.

Therapeutic role of physalin A in the pathogenesis of Graves' orbitopathy.

Background: Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune condition that causes serious ocular symptoms; its treatment strategies are limited. Physalin A is a phytosterol that has shown various therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. In this study, we investigated whether physalin A could inhibit inflammation, fibrosis, hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid) production, and adipogenesis, which are crucial to the pathogenesis of GO.

Friction Characteristics of Low and High Strength Steels with Galvanized and Galvannealed Zinc Coatings.

As vehicle body structures become stronger and part designs more complex for lightweight, controlling frictional properties in automotive press forming has gained critical importance. Friction, a key factor in formability, is influenced by variables such as contact pressure, sliding velocity, sheet strength, and coatings. This study investigates the friction characteristics of steels with tensile strengths of 340 MPa and 980 MPa, under galvanized (GI) and galvannealed (GA) zinc coatings.

Innovations in Nuclear Medicine Imaging for Reactive Oxygen Species: Applications and Radiopharmaceuticals.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during normal cellular energy production and play a critical role in maintaining cellular function. However, excessive ROS can damage cells and tissues, contributing to the development of diseases such as cardiovascular, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disorders. This review explores the potential of nuclear medicine imaging techniques for detecting ROS and evaluates various radiopharmaceuticals used in these applications.

Optimal withdrawal time in initial surveillance colonoscopy after colorectal cancer surgery: comparison between anterior/low anterior resection and right hemicolectomy.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the optimal withdrawal time (WT) for initial surveillance colonoscopy after curative resection for colorectal cancer (CRC) by comparing anterior/low anterior resection (AR/LAR) and right hemicolectomy (RHC) groups.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 1,212 patients who underwent initial surveillance colonoscopy after CRC resection between 2015 and 2022. The patients were divided into the AR/LAR (n = 846) and RHC (n = 366) groups.

The Immobilization of an FGF2-Derived Peptide on Culture Plates Improves the Production and Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles from Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

The skin is an essential organ that protects the body from external aggressions; therefore, damage from various wounds can significantly impair its function, and effective methods for regenerating and restoring its barrier function are crucial. This study aimed to mass-produce wound-healing exosomes using a fragment of the fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2)-derived peptide (FP2) to enhance cell proliferation and exosome production. Our experiments demonstrated increased cell proliferation when Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ MSCs) were coated with FP2.

Dual-Seed Strategy for High-Performance Anode-Less All-Solid-State Batteries.

Interest in all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs), particularly the anode-less type, has grown alongside the expansion of the electric vehicle (EV) market, because they offer advantages in terms of their energy density and manufacturing cost. However, in most anode-less ASSBs, the anode is covered by a protective layer to ensure stable lithium (Li) deposition, thus requiring high temperatures to ensure adequate Li ion diffusion kinetics through the protective layer. This study proposes a dual-seed protective layer consisting of silver (Ag) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles for sulfide-based anode-less ASSBs.

NADPH oxidase 4 deficiency promotes hepatocellular carcinoma arising from hepatic fibrosis by inducing M2-macrophages in the tumor microenvironment.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often arises in the cirrhotic livers, highlighting the intricate link between hepatic fibrosis and carcinogenesis. Reactive oxygen species produced by NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) contribute to liver injury leading to hepatic fibrosis. Paradoxically, NOX4 is known to inhibit HCC progression.

Nationwide survey in Korea for risk assessment of pesticide residues in fishery and seaweed products.

Pesticide residues in fishery products are a concern due to environmental contamination. However, it is not sufficiently managed because of a lack of established standards. This study was conducted to monitor pesticide residues in fishery and seaweed product samples and assess the risk to humans.

Efficacy of postoperative radioactive iodine therapy for patients with low and intermediate risk papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of postoperative radioactive iodine (RAI) and its impact on recurrence rates and survival benefits in low- to intermediate-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Methods: This retrospective study involved the examination of 1286 patients diagnosed with low- to intermediate-risk PTC who underwent total thyroidectomy with or without neck dissection, supplemented with postoperative RAI therapy or not between the years 2000 and 2021.

Results: From the patient pool, 589 (45%) were classified as low-risk and 697 (55%) as intermediate-risk according to the 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines.