Chloroplast markers for the Malvaceae and the plastome of Henderson's checkermallow (Sidalcea hendersonii S.Wats.), a rare plant from the Pacific Northwest.

Objective: Sidalcea is a genus of flowering plants restricted to the west coast of North America, commonly known as checkermallows. Remarkably, of the ~ 30 recognized species, 16 are of conservation concern (vulnerable, imperilled or critically imperilled). To facilitate biological studies in this genus, and in the wider Malvaceae, we have sequenced the whole plastid genome of Sidalcea hendersonii.

[Discrimination of cultivation modes of Dendrobium nobile based on content of mineral elements and ratios of nitrogen stable isotopes].

This study explored the feasibility of mineral element content and ratios of nitrogen isotopes to discriminate the cultivation mode of Dendrobium nobile in order to provide theoretical support for the discrimination of the cultivation mode of D. nobile. The content of 11 mineral elements(N, K, Ca, P, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, and B) and nitrogen isotope ratios in D.

Structure transition of a C monolayer on the Bi(111) surface.

The interfacial structures of C molecules adsorbed on solid surfaces are essential for a wide range of scientific and technological processes in carbon-based nanodevices. Here, we report structural transitions of the C monolayer on the Bi(111) surface studied low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). With an increase in temperature, the structure of the C monolayer transforms from local-order structures to a (√93 × √93) R20° superstructure, and then to a (11 × 11) R0° superstructure.

Opposite trends of glycosides and alkaloids in Dendrobium nobile of different age based on UPLC-Q/TOF-MS combined with multivariate statistical analyses.

Introduction: Alkaloids and glycosides are the active ingredients of the herb Dendrobium nobile, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine. The pharmacological effects of alkaloids include neuroprotective effects and regulatory effects on glucose and lipid metabolism, while glycosides improve the immune system. The pharmacological activities of the above chemical components are significantly different.

Hybridization between pollination syndromes as an ecological and evolutionary resource.

In plants, pollination syndromes (the correlated presence of many features of relevance to pollination mode, for instance pollination by a particular animal clade) are a striking feature of plant biodiversity, providing great floral phenotypic diversity (Fenster et al. ). Adaptation to a particular animal pollinator provides an explanation for why recently diverged plants can have such extreme differentiation in floral form.

Ultra-barcoding in cacao (Theobroma spp.; Malvaceae) using whole chloroplast genomes and nuclear ribosomal DNA.

Premise Of Study: To reliably identify lineages below the species level such as subspecies or varieties, we propose an extension to DNA-barcoding using next-generation sequencing to produce whole organellar genomes and substantial nuclear ribosomal sequence. Because this method uses much longer versions of the traditional DNA-barcoding loci in the plastid and ribosomal DNA, we call our approach ultra-barcoding (UBC).

Methods: We used high-throughput next-generation sequencing to scan the genome and generate reliable sequence of high copy number regions.

Ultrathin Co3O4 nanowires with high catalytic oxidation of CO.

Ultrathin Co(3)O(4) nanostructures with high catalytic oxidation of CO were synthesized by heating cobalt foils under atmospheric conditions. The Co(3)O(4) nanostructures were selectively exposing (111) planes composed of plenty of Co(3+) cations. We observed ultrahigh catalytic oxidation of CO in Co(3)O(4) nanowires with about 3 nm diameter.

Relationship between time to positivity of blood culture with clinical characteristics and hospital mortality in patients with Escherichia coli bacteremia.

Background: Previous studies indicated that the time to positivity (TTP) of blood culture is a parameter correlating with degree of the bacteremia and outcome in patients with bloodstream infections caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli). The objective of this study was to further investigate the diagnostic and prognostic power of using TTP to predict E.

Scanning tunnelling microscope studies of angstrom-scale Co3O4 nanowires.

We report the bottom-up assembly of an atomic-scale building block, which consists of four Co(3+) cations, two Co(2+) cations, and eight O(2-) anions, for generating one-dimensional Co(3)O(4) nanostructures with diameters ranging from 0.5 to 3 nm. Controlled experiments were carried out and the growth mechanism of the Co(3)O(4) nanowires was investigated.

Chemical and biological differentiation of Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis and Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis.

The Chinese herbal drug Cortex Phellodendri is derived from two species of PHELLODENDRON, P. CHINENSIS Schneid. and P.