Linsitinib inhibits IGF-1-induced cell proliferation and hyaluronic acid secretion by suppressing PI3K/Akt and ERK pathway in orbital fibroblasts from patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), an autoimmune disorder of the retrobulbar tissue, is present in up to 50 percent of Graves's hyperthyroidism patients. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) has received attention as a target for the development of therapeutic agent for TAO. IGF-1R and TSHR (thyroid stimulating hormone receptor) interact with each other to form a physical or functional complex, further promoting the development of TAO.

Segmentation-Based Measurement of Orbital Structures: Achievements in Eyeball Volume Estimation and Barriers in Optic Nerve Analysis.

Background/objective: Orbital diseases often require precise measurements of eyeball volume, optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), and apex-to-eyeball distance (AED) for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. This study aims to automate and optimize these measurements using advanced deep learning segmentation techniques on orbital Computed Tomography (CT) scans.

Methods: Orbital CT datasets from individuals of various age groups and genders were used, with annotated masks for the eyeball and optic nerve.

Current status of contact lenses usage in Korea: A population-based cohort study 2021.

Purpose: To investigate trends in contact lens usage in a nationally representative sample of the Korean population in 2021.

Methods: For this retrospective study, we analyzed data of 3,601 Korean participants aged 10-59 years, from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2021 version), who underwent eye examination, of whom 1,136 individuals (274 men and 862 women) were contact lens users. The demographic trend among Korean contact lens wearers was examined using statistical analyses to investigate the changes in their contact lens-wearing experience, duration of lens use, type of lens used, location of purchase, presence of an Eye Care Practitioner(ECP)'s prescription, lens-related ophthalmic complications, and type of lenses worn at the time of complications, according to sex.

Chalazion-mimicked eyelid angiosarcoma in a young Asian with good prognosis: a case report.

Background: Angiosarcoma is an extremely rare malignant tumor. So far, only about 42 cases of angiosarcoma involving the eyelids have been reported. Eyelid angiosarcoma occurs more frequently in elderly Caucasian males and is prone to misdiagnosis.

Increased risk of cataract surgery in patients with allergic disease: a population based cohort study.

We investigated the association between cataract and allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR), and asthma using 2,631,015 subjects' data from the 2009 National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort in Korea. Each allergic disease was defined as three or more occasions of diagnosis within 1 year with dedicated ICD-10 codes. The primary endpoint was newly received cataract surgery during the follow-up period.

The Eyelid Angiosarcoma: A Systematic Review of Characteristics and Clinical Course.

A systematic search for eyelid angiosarcoma was performed from inception to December 2020 in Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane databases. Forty two eyelid angiosarcoma cases in 32 articles were analyzed. Eyelid angiosarcomas showed an incidence peak in the eighth decade of life, and was reported more frequently in Caucasian males.

Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients with Orbital Schwannoma.

Purpose: To report the clinical features, treatment, and outcome of 11 patients with orbital schwannoma in Korean patients.

Methods: The medical records of 11 orbital schwannoma patients treated between April 2007 and April 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. The demographic data, clinical characteristics, radiological features, and outcomes were reviewed.

Long-term Efficacy of Dacryoendoscopy-guided Recanalization and Silicone Tube Intubation.

Purpose: To investigate the long-term efficacy of dacryoendoscopy-guided recanalization and silicone tube intubation in patients with obstruction in the lacrimal drainage system and to identify factors related to surgical outcome.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with primary nasolacrimal duct obstruction and canalicular obstruction who underwent dacryoendoscopy-guided recanalization and silicone tube intubation between August 2014 and March 2016. Factors related to surgical outcome were examined and compared between the success group (eyes with complete response and partial response) and the failure group.

Association between age-related cataract and blepharoptosis in Korean adults: a population-based study.

Cataract and blepharoptosis are both commonly encountered ophthalmic problems in older adults. Since they share similar risk factors, it is plausible that there may be an association between the two conditions. We examined data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010-2012 to determine if there is an association between age-related cataract and blepharoptosis.

Is retinal vein occlusion associated with depression symptoms?: A nationwide cohort study.

Retinal vessels share similar anatomical and physiological characteristics with the cerebral microvasculature, and abnormal cerebral blood flow is reportedly associated with depressive disorder. However, there is limited evidence regarding the relationship between depression and the risk of retinal vein occlusion (RVO). This study aimed to investigate the association between depression and the prospective risk of RVO using nationally representative longitudinal data.

Octreotide inhibits secretion of IGF-1 from orbital fibroblasts in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy via inhibition of the NF-κB pathway.

Purpose: We investigated the effect of octreotide, a long-acting somatostatin (SST) analogue, on IGF-1 secretion and its possible mechanism of action in orbital fibroblasts (OFs) from patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO).

Materials And Methods: OFs were isolated from the orbital fat of patients with TAO or healthy individuals. The expression level of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, at the protein and mRNA level, was determined with ELISA and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively.

Intricacies of Upper Blepharoplasty in Asian Burden Lids.

Differences between Oriental and Caucasian eyelids have been explained in great detail in several reports in the past. The purpose of this article is to discuss the functional aspects of Asian double fold upper blepharoplasty and to present techniques that help to improve both the functional and cosmetic outcomes and satisfaction after surgery. The eyes of Asians are relatively small with thick skin in the eyelids and periorbital area.

Low vision and the risk of dementia: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Recent studies suggested that an association exists between vision loss and cognitive impairment, although it is still vague whether there are causal relationships or direct association between low vision and dementia. We were to investigate the association between low vision and dementia in the Korean population using the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database. We analyzed the data of 6,029,657 subjects aged ≥40 years, drawn from Korea National Health Insurance Service.

Risk of cancer in patients with glaucoma: A nationwide population-based cohort study.

To compare the risk of cancer development between patients with glaucoma and those without, we conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Database. Individuals with diagnosis of glaucoma between 2007 and 2016 were identified, and controls were 1:1 matched based on age and sex. We calculated the incidence rates(IR) and hazard ratios(HR) before and after adjusting for age, gender, diabetes, smoking history, and body mass index.

Blepharoptosis among Korean adults: age-related prevalence and threshold age for evaluation.

Background: To evaluate the prevalence of blepharoptosis among Korean adults and the characteristics of blepharoptosis patients, and to determine an appropriate age threshold for recommending blepharoptosis evaluation.

Methods: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES-V) was conducted in 2010-2012. We extracted data on 17,878 Korean adults aged more than and equal to 19 years included in KNHANES-V, and determined blepharoptosis prevalence according to age, to determine the cutoff age for recommending blepharoptosis evaluation.

Underweight increases the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma in diabetes patients: A Korean nationwide cohort study.

The impact of underweight on the risk of developing primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is not known, although the association between obesity and POAG has been well studied. We evaluated the risk of POAG among underweight patients by studying a nationwide cohort sample in South Korea.We analyzed data from the Korean National Health Insurance Research Database collected between 2009 and 2012 for 17,000,636 patients aged 40 years or older.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 enhances the expression of functional TSH receptor in orbital fibroblasts from thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), an autoimmune disease, occurs in approximately 50 % of patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism. Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) that is expressed in orbital fibroblasts is the autoimmune target in the development of TAO. In addition to thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is also involved in the development of TAO.

Surgical Intervention of Periocular Infantile Hemangiomas in the Era of β-Blockers.

Purpose: To examine the role of adjuvant surgical resection of infantile hemangiomas after systemic β-blocker therapy.

Methods: This is a multicentered retrospective study. Standard protocol for oral propranolol was employed by the referring physicians.

Surgical Feasibility of Curtler-Beard Reconstruction for Large Upper Eyelid Defect.

Purpose: To report long-term surgical outcomes of Cutler-Beard reconstructive surgery in patients with large full-thickness upper eyelid defects following malignant tumor excision.

Methods: The medical records of 5 consecutive patients with full-thickness upper eyelid defects following tumor resection who underwent Cutler-Beard surgery were reviewed retrospectively between April 2005 and November 2018. Surgical procedure comprises 2 stages: first, complete tumor resection followed by bridged full-thickness lower eyelid advancement flap; second, separation of the closed eyelid with eyelid margin repair 7 to 9 weeks later.

Increased pupillary constriction velocity in benign essential blepharospasm associated with photophobia.

We evaluated whether the pupillary light reflex is altered in benign essential blepharospasm patients. Twenty-three patients with benign essential blepharospasm, 47 with reflex blepharospasm, and 29 dry eye disease controls were included. Pupillary light reflex-related parameters were measured under mesopic (10 lux) and photopic illuminance (200 lux) using an infrared pupillometer.

Association between Blepharoptosis and Pterygium in Korea: A Population-Based Study during 2010-2012.

Purpose: To investigate possible correlations between blepharoptosis and pterygium in a nationally representative sample of the Korean population.

Methods: This population-based, cross-sectional study was comprised of 3,685 males and 4,792 females (≥ 19 years of age) participating in the fifth annual Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2010 to 2012. The enrolled subjects underwent interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory tests.

Refractory follicular conjunctival lesions: overlook as just inflammation or not?

Purpose: To report the clinical manifestations of 199 patients with suspected conjunctival lymphoma, the associations between these features and the pathological diagnoses, and the prognosis of conjunctival lesions during long-term follow-up.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 199 patients who underwent conjunctival biopsy on suspicion of conjunctival lymphoproliferative disease between January 2008 and June 2015. We focused on slit-lamp findings in the conjunctiva and the pathological diagnoses.

Complete Excision of a Simple Dacryops Using Fibrin Sealant and Trypan Blue Mixture.

A 69-year-old woman presented to the oculofacial plastic service with a painless superotemporal subconjunctival mass in the OS. Over the past year, the lesion had been progressively enlarging, resulting in horizontal diplopia with lateral gaze. Visual acuity was within normal limits with no evidence of optic neuropathy.

Clinical Results of Anti-adhesion Adjuvants after Endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy.

Purpose: Various absorbable anti-adhesion agents have been used to prevent postoperative synechia formation after endonasal surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-adhesion effects of HyFence and Mediclore after endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) compared to a mixed solution of hyaluronic acid and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Guardix-Sol).

Methods: In this retrospective study, endonasal DCR and silicone tube intubation were performed on 198 eyes of 151 patients.