A novel long non-coding RNA connects obesity to impaired adipocyte function.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can perform tasks of key relevance in fat cells, contributing, when defective, to the burden of obesity and its sequelae. Here, scrutiny of adipose tissue transcriptomes before and after bariatric surgery (GSE53378) granted identification of 496 lncRNAs linked to the obese phenotype. Only expression of linc-GALNTL6-4 displayed an average recovery over 2-fold and FDR-adjusted p-value <0.

Multiomics of the intestine-liver-adipose axis in multiple studies unveils a consistent link of the gut microbiota and the antiviral response with systemic glucose metabolism.

Background: The microbiota is emerging as a key factor in the predisposition to insulin resistance and obesity.

Objective: To understand the interplay among gut microbiota and insulin sensitivity in multiple tissues.

Design: Integrative multiomics and multitissue approach across six studies, combining euglycaemic clamp measurements (used in four of the six studies) with other measurements of glucose metabolism and insulin resistance (glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting glucose).

Challenges and Learning Curves in Adopting TaTME and Robotic Surgery for Rectal Cancer: A Cusum Analysis.

New techniques are being developed to improve the results of laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer. This paper analyzes the learning curves for transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) and robot-assisted surgery in our colorectal surgery department. We analyzed retrospectively data from patients undergoing curative and elective surgery for rectal cancer ≤12 cm from the anal verge.

Is Metformin Associated With Improved Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer?

Background: Efforts to determine whether metformin can increase the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer have increased in recent years. However, retrospective studies have yielded inconclusive results.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare oncological outcomes and survival after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer taking metformin versus in those not taking metformin.

[Impact of SARS-COV-2 pandemic on elective and emergency surgery in a university hospital].

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused an important impact in our country and elective surgery has been postponed in most cases. There's not known information about the decreasing and impact on surgery. Mortality of surgical patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is estimated to be around 20%.

Comparison of Outcomes between Obese and Nonobese Patients in Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy: A Cohort Study.

Introduction: Obesity is usually considered a risk factor for surgical complications. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy has replaced open adrenalectomy as the standard operation for adrenal tumors.

Objective: To compare the safety of laparoscopic adrenalectomy to treat adrenal tumors in obese versus nonobese patients.

Risk factors for suboptimal laparoscopic surgery in rectal cancer patients.

Purpose: Laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer is technically complex. This study aimed to identify risk factors for suboptimal laparoscopic surgery (involved margins, incomplete mesorectal excision, and/or conversion to open surgery) in patients with rectal cancer.

Methods: We included patients undergoing laparoscopic anterior resection for rectal cancer between June 2009 and June 2018.

Randomized clinical trial comparing side to end vs end to end techniques for colorectal anastomosis.

Background: Low anterior resection syndrome affects 60%-90% of patients with anastomoses after colorectal resection. Consensus regarding the best anastomosis is lacking.

Objective: To compare outcomes after end-to-end versus side-to-end anastomoses.

Factors associated with prolonged hospital stay after laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

Laparoscopy is the standard technique for resecting adrenal tumors, but short-term outcomes such as length of stay (LOS) vary widely between centers. We aimed to identify factors associated with LOS after lateral transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LTLA). We analyzed consecutive patients undergoing unilateral LTLA between April 2003 and April 2020.

Three-dimensional (3D) system versus two-dimensional (2D) system for laparoscopic resection of adrenal tumors: a case-control study.

Purpose: Laparoscopy is the standard technique for resecting adrenal tumors worldwide. The main drawbacks of conventional 2D laparoscopy are limited depth perception and tactile feedback. Currently available high-quality 3D laparoscopy systems might improve surgical outcomes for adrenalectomy.

Impact of SARS-COV-2 pandemic on elective and emergency surgery in a university hospital.

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused an important impact in our country and elective surgery has been postponed in most cases. There's not known information about the decreasing and impact on surgery. Mortality of surgical patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is estimated to be around 20%.

Decreased TLR3 in Hyperplastic Adipose Tissue, Blood and Inflamed Adipocytes is Related to Metabolic Inflammation.

Background/aims: Obesity is characterized by the immune activation that eventually dampens insulin sensitivity and changes metabolism. This study explores the impact of different inflammatory/ anti-inflammatory paradigms on the expression of toll-like receptors (TLR) found in adipocyte cultures, adipose tissue, and blood.

Methods: We evaluated by real time PCR the impact of acute surgery stress in vivo (adipose tissue) and macrophages (MCM) in vitro (adipocytes).

Transducin-like enhancer of split 3 (TLE3) in adipose tissue is increased in situations characterized by decreased PPARγ gene expression.

Unlabelled: Transgenic overexpression of adipose tissue (AT) transducin-like enhancer of split 3 (TLE3) mimicked peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists, improving insulin resistance in mice. This study aimed to investigate TLE3 gene expression (qRT-PCR) and protein (Western blot) in subjects with a wide spectrum of obesity and insulin sensitivity and in an independent cohort of obese subjects following surgery-induced weight loss. TLE3 was analyzed in human adipocytes and after treatment with rosiglitazone.

CIDEC/FSP27 and PLIN1 gene expression run in parallel to mitochondrial genes in human adipose tissue, both increasing after weight loss.

Objective: FSP27 KO mice showed enhanced expression of mitochondrial genes, increased mitochondrial activity and smaller lipid droplets. Here, we aimed to investigate lipid droplet protein (CIDEC/FSP27 and perilipinA (PLIN1)) gene expression in human adipose tissue in association with obesity, insulin resistance and mitochondrial gene expression.

Design And Subjects: In cohort 1, CIDEC/FSP27, PLIN1, adipogenic (FASN, ACACA, PPARG, GLUT4) and mitochondrial (PPARGC1A, PPARGC1B, TFAM, MT-CO3) gene expression were analyzed in 171 adipose tissue samples (88 visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and 83 subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) depots) and in a time course experiment in human subcutaneous and visceral preadipocytes using real-time PCR.

Inflammation and insulin resistance exert dual effects on adipose tissue tumor protein 53 expression.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of human adipose tissue protein 53 (p53) in subjects who varied widely in terms of obesity and insulin resistance. We also analyzed different in vivo and in vitro models to try to comprehend the associations found in humans.

Methods: p53 was analyzed in human adipose and isolated adipocytes, in high fat-fed and GLP-1R KO mice, during in vitro adipogenesis, and in adipocytes after high glucose, rosiglitazone and inflammatory conditions.

A role for adipocyte-derived lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in inflammation- and obesity-associated adipose tissue dysfunction.

Aims/hypothesis: Circulating lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) is an acute-phase reactant known to be increased in obesity. We hypothesised that LBP is produced by adipose tissue (AT) in association with obesity.

Methods: LBP mRNA and LBP protein levels were analysed in AT from three cross-sectional (n = 210, n = 144 and n = 28) and three longitudinal (n = 8, n = 25, n = 20) human cohorts; in AT from genetically manipulated mice; in isolated adipocytes; and in human and murine cell lines.

The lung innate immune gene surfactant protein-D is expressed in adipose tissue and linked to obesity status.

Background: Surfactant protein-D (SFTPD) is a component of the lung innate immunity that enhances clearance of pathogens and modulates inflammatory responses. An inverse association of putative, lung-derived circulating SFTPD with obesity has been reported but no information is available concerning possible SFTPD gene expression in human adipose tissue.

Methods: SFTPD gene expression was analyzed in human omental (OM; n=156) and subcutaneous (SC; n=106) adipose tissue, and in isolated fat cells (n=12) in association with measures of obesity and glucose tolerance.

Study of lactoferrin gene expression in human and mouse adipose tissue, human preadipocytes and mouse 3T3-L1 fibroblasts. Association with adipogenic and inflammatory markers.

Lactoferrin is considered an epithelial protein present in different gland secretions. Administration of exogenous lactoferrin is also known to modulate adipogenesis and insulin action in human adipocytes. Here, we aimed to investigate lactoferrin gene expression (real-time polymerase chain reaction) and protein (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) levels in human (n=143) and mice adipose tissue samples, in adipose tissue fractions and during human preadipocyte and 3T3-L1 cell line differentiation, evaluating the effects of inducers (rosiglitazone) and disruptors (inflammatory factors) of adipocyte differentiation.

Multiple Hürthle cell adenomas in a patient with thyroid hormone resistance.

Background: Thyroid hormone resistance (RTH) is a rare cause of thyroid dysfunction. High TSH levels, as described in RTH syndrome, are known to be associated with an increased risk of developing thyroid nodules with subsequent growth and malignancy.

Patient Findings: In 2006, a 29-year-old Caucasian man presented with a palpable mass in the neck.

Breast cancer 1 (BrCa1) may be behind decreased lipogenesis in adipose tissue from obese subjects.

Context: Expression and activity of the main lipogenic enzymes is paradoxically decreased in obesity, but the mechanisms behind these findings are poorly known. Breast Cancer 1 (BrCa1) interacts with acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) reducing the rate of fatty acid biosynthesis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate BrCa1 in human adipose tissue according to obesity and insulin resistance, and in vitro cultured adipocytes.

Type I iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase mRNA and activity is increased in adipose tissue of obese subjects.

Differentiation and metabolism of adipose tissue are modulated by thyroid hormones (THs), but relatively little is known about the metabolism of THs in this tissue. Expression of the genes for type I iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase (D1), leptin (LEP) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1) was evaluated in omental (OM) and subcutaneous (SC) fat using a cohort of 70 humans. Activities of iodothyronine deiodinases (D1, D2 and D3) were assessed in a randomly selected subpopulation of 19 subjects.