Bilateral epididymal tuberculosis causing abscess formation and male infertility: a case report and literature review.

Background: Epididymal tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon form of TB, although it is known to develop frequently in the male reproductive system. Infertility is rare but important among subsequent possible complications caused by the disease, particularly in young males. Moreover, it is difficult to differentiate epididymal TB from other epididymo-testicular diseases.

Prostate-specific antigen density as the best predictor of low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer: a cohort study.

Background: Evaluation of prostate cancer (PCa) when serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is vaguely elevated is complicated. This is because serum PSA levels only reflect the number of prostate epithelial cells. We aimed to compare PSA and various prostate volume-related factors to determine which one can best predict PCa in patients with a PSA level of 2.

Determination of microbiological characteristics and risk factors associated with bacteriuria and symptomatic urinary tract infection in patients with retained ureteral stents: an observational study.

Background: The maintenance of ureteral stents is vital in patients with severe ureteral stricture or ureteral obstruction. This study aimed to identify microbiological characteristics and factors associated with bacteriuria and symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) in these patients.

Methods: This study is an observational cross-sectional study.

The effect of metabolic risk factors on urinary stone composition: An observational study.

To investigate how the risk factors of metabolic diseases affect urinary stone composition, particularly uric acid (UA) stones. Overall, 583 patients with data on urinary stone composition were retrospectively analyzed and classified into UA and nonUA stone formers according to the presence of the UA component. Various factors were compared between both groups.

Ureteral fibroepithelial polyp protruding into the bladder which mimics a bladder tumour: a case report and literature review.

Background: Ureteral fibroepithelial polyp is a rare benign lesion of the urinary tract. The incidence of the disease has been increasing recently; however, the aetiology of this tumour remains unclear. Early diagnosis and management are important, and endoscopic treatment is increasingly being preferred worldwide.

Usefulness of the prostate health index in predicting the presence and aggressiveness of prostate cancer among Korean men: a prospective observational study.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the Beckman Coulter prostate health index (PHI) and to compare it with total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and related derivatives in predicting the presence and aggressiveness of prostate cancer (PCa) in the Korean population.

Methods: A total of 140 men who underwent their first prostate biopsy for suspected PCa were included in this prospective observational study. The diagnostic performance of total PSA, free PSA, %free PSA, [-2] proPSA (p2PSA), %p2PSA, and PHI in detecting and predicting the aggressiveness of PCa was estimated using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and logistic multivariate regression analyses.

Treatment of radiation-induced vulvar pain via pudendal nerve block under fluoroscopic guidance.

Vulvar pain is a common complaint in women during reproductive and post-reproductive years. A 70-year-old woman experienced severe intractable vulvar pain after bladder cancer surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy. We performed five fluoroscopy-guided pudendal nerve blocks.

Day Temperature Difference and Aggravation of Low Urinary Tract Symptom in Benign Prostate Hypertrophy Patients in Korea: A National Health Insurance Service-National Cohort-based Study.

Objective: To investigate the symptom deterioration of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) according to the difference in daily temperature.

Patients And Methods: From the National Health Insurance Service database, we collected and analyzed data on patients with BPH in 6 major metropolitan areas in Korea between January 2008 and December 2017. We investigated the rate of emergency room visits as well as the rate of urethral catheter insertion.

The effects of hyaluronic acid and carboxymethylcellulose in preventing recurrence of urethral stricture after endoscopic internal urethrotomy: a multicenter, randomized controlled, single-blinded study.

Background: To evaluate the effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) on the recurrence of urethral stricture after treatment with endoscopic internal urethrotomy (EIU).

Methods: A total of 120 patients underwent EIU for urethral stricture. Recruited patients were randomly divided into two groups: group A and B.

Effects of hyaluronic acid and carboxymethylcellulose on urethral stricture after transurethral resections of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a multicenter, single blinded, randomized controlled study.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) instillation after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) on preventing urethral stricture.

Patients And Methods: A total of 180 patients underwent TURP for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Recruited patients were randomly divided into two groups: Groups A and B.

Efficacy and safety of emergency ureteroscopic management of ureteral calculi.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the ureteroscopic management of ureteral stones immediately after a first colic attack.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 226 patients with obstructive ureteral stones who underwent ureteroscopy with stone retrieval. The 67 patients in group A underwent ureteroscopy within 48 hours of admission to our emergency department, whereas the 159 patients in group B underwent ureteroscopy more than 48 hours after admission.

One-year outcomes of mid-urethral sling procedures for stress urinary incontinence according to body mass index.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of the suprapubic arch (SPARC) sling operation and the transobturator tape (MONARC) sling operation according to body mass index (BMI).

Materials And Methods: Between January 1, 2004, and July 12, 2009, a retrospective clinical trial was performed with 284 patients treated by the SPARC sling procedure and 49 patients treated by the MONARC sling procedure. The women were classified into 3 groups by BMI according to the WHO Expert Consultation: normal weight (A, BMI 18.

Effect of prostatitis on lower urinary tract symptoms: retrospective analysis of prostate biopsy tissue.

Purpose: Most patients, even some urologists, assume that prostate volume is the most important prognostic factor for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). In some cases, however, prostatic inflammation is a more important factor in LUTS than is prostate volume. For this reason, comparison of the impact on LUTS of inflammation and prostate volume is an attractive issue.

Induction of caspase mediated apoptosis and down-regulation of nuclear factor-κB and Akt signaling are involved in the synergistic antitumor effect of gemcitabine and the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A in human bladder cancer cells.

Purpose: Previously we reported that the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (Sigma®) synergistically potentiates the antitumor effects of cisplatin in human bladder cancer cells. In the current study we explored the synergistic interaction between trichostatin A and gemcitabine (Novartis Korea, Seoul, Korea), the other mainstay chemotherapeutic regimen for advanced bladder cancer.

Materials And Methods: The bladder cancer cell lines HTB5, HTB9, T24, J82, UMUC14 and SW1710 (ATCC®) were exposed to gemcitabine and/or trichostatin A.

Comparison of percutaneous nephrolithotomy using pneumatic lithotripsy (lithoclast®) alone or in combination with ultrasonic lithotripsy.

Purpose: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the procedure of choice for treating large renal stones. Pneumatic lithotripsy (Lithoclast®) is effective regardless of the stones' composition, and ultrasonic lithotripsy allows the aspiration of small debris during lithotripsy. We investigated the efficacy and safety of PCNL via Lithoclast® alone or combined with ultrasonic lithotripsy.

Evaluation of possible predictive variables for the outcome of shock wave lithotripsy of renal stones.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate possible predictive variables for the outcome of shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) of renal stones in a single center.

Materials And Methods: Between March 2008 and March 2010, a retrospective review was performed of 115 patients who underwent SWL for solitary renal stones. The patients' characteristics and stone size, location, skin-to-stone distance (SSD), and Hounsfield units (HU) of stone were reviewed.

Development of Korean Academy of Medical Sciences Guideline rating the physical impairment; kidney, bladder, urethra, male and female reproductive systems (preliminary report).

For the evaluation of the kidney impairment, serum creatinine concentrations or glomerular filtration rates are mainly used, and the conditions of solitary or transplanted kidney and chronic dialysis are also taken into the considerations. Some symptoms and signs of the chronic renal disability in spite of adequate treatment add one additional grade. For evaluating bladder and urethral impairment, the criteria include voiding symptoms and signs.