Clinicopathological Factors Predicting Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Anti-HER2 Therapy in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.

Introduction: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies have shown effectiveness against HER2-positive breast cancer. This makes neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) a valuable option for treating both early and advanced stages of the disease. The tumor's response to HER2-targeted NAC provides crucial prognostic information.

Use of a pressure sensor array for multifunctional patient monitoring in radiotherapy: A feasibility study.

Background: Modern radiotherapeutic techniques, such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy or stereotactic body radiotherapy, require high-dose delivery precision. However, the precise localization of tumors during patient respiration remains a challenge. Therefore, it is essential to investigate effective methods for monitoring respiration to minimize potential complications.

Changing trends in the management of ductal carcinoma in situ in Republic of Korea: a comprehensive analysis using Health Insurance Review and Assessment data [2009-2020].

Background: Increasing rates of diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), given the widespread use of mammography, is a global trend. Various attempts have been made in the selection of surgical methods and application of radiation therapy (RT), and the prevalence of infectious diseases has also affected these attempts. This study aimed to investigate evolving treatment patterns and trends in the management of DCIS in South Korea.

Comparison of Fused Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Using Unenhanced MRI and Abbreviated Post-Contrast-Enhanced MRI in Patients with Breast Cancer.

: To determine the percentage of breast cancers detectable by fused diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using unenhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and abbreviated post-contrast-enhanced MRI. : Between October 2016 and October 2017, 194 consecutive women (mean age, 54.2 years; age range, 28-82 years) with newly diagnosed unilateral breast cancer, who underwent preoperative 3.

Korean Real-World Data on Patients With Unresectable Stage III NSCLC Treated With Durvalumab After Chemoradiotherapy: PACIFIC-KR.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate real-world evidence for efficacy and safety of durvalumab consolidation (DC) after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC.

Methods: Patients with stage III NSCLC who started DC after CRT between September 2018 and December 2020 and were treated at five tertiary hospitals in the Republic of Korea were included. The primary end point was real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS).

Adaptive Image Rescaling for Weakly Contrast-Enhanced Lesions in Dedicated Breast CT: A Phantom Study.

Purpose: Dedicated breast CT is an emerging volumetric X-ray imaging modality for diagnosis that does not require any painful breast compression. To improve the detection rate of weakly enhanced lesions, an adaptive image rescaling (AIR) technique was proposed.

Materials And Methods: Two disks containing five identical holes and five holes of different diameters were scanned using 60/100 kVp to obtain single-energy CT (SECT), dual-energy CT (DECT), and AIR images.

Incidence of hypothyroidism after treatment for breast cancer: A Korean population-based study.

This Korean population-based study aimed to describe the patterns of hypothyroidism after adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) in patients with breast cancer. The Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database was searched for patients with invasive breast carcinomas. We calculated the cumulative incidence and incidence rates per 1,000 person-years of subsequent hypothyroidism and compared them using the log-rank test and the Cox proportional hazards model.

Influence of respiratory movement during post mastectomy radiotherapy on targets and heart for breast cancer.

Background/aim: This study aimed to compare the dosimetric consequences of respiratory movement in volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) during postmastectomy radiation therapy, including internal mammary nodes (IMNs).

Materials And Methods: Respiratory motion was implemented to a phantom using a dynamic device. The plans were delivered during cranial-caudal and ventral-dorsal movement in 5-mm (R05) and 10-mm (R10) amplitudes.

Radiologic Response as a Prognostic Factor in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Macroscopic Vascular Invasion after Transarterial Chemoembolization and Radiotherapy.

Introduction: We evaluated the radiologic response rate of combined transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus radiotherapy (RT) in treatment-naïve patients with liver-confined hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with macroscopic vascular invasion (MVI) and analyzed its clinical importance in overall survival (OS) outcomes.

Methods: Patients who were treated with TACE plus RT as a first-line treatment for HCC with MVI between January 2010 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Radiologic response was assessed according to the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) at 2 and 4 months after completion of RT.

The patterns and spatial locations of local recurrence in breast cancer with implant-based reconstruction after mastectomy.

Background And Purpose: The European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO) recently defined delineation guidelines for the clinical target volume for postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) after immediate implant-based reconstruction for early-stage breast cancer. We analyzed the three-dimensional location and pattern of local recurrence in accordance with the reconstruction type and ESTRO-target volume.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study involved patients who had undergone mastectomy with implant reconstruction between 2010 and 2019 and who had local recurrence as the first event.

Volumetric change of the latissimus dorsi muscle after postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy in immediate breast reconstruction with an extended latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap: final results from serial studies.

Background: Breast reconstruction using an extended latissimus dorsi (eLD) flap can supplement more volume than reconstruction using various local flaps after partial mastectomy, and it is a valuable surgical method since the reconstruction area is not limited. However, when performing reconstruction, the surgeon should consider latissimus dorsi (LD) volume reduction due to postoperative chemotherapy (POCTx) and postoperative radiotherapy (PORTx). To evaluate the effect of POCTx and PORTx on LD volume reduction, the effects of each therapy-both separately and jointly-need to be demonstrated.

Pattern of local recurrence after mastectomy and reconstruction in breast cancer patients: a systematic review.

Background: This study aimed to describe the locations of local recurrences based on the mastectomy and reconstruction type in breast cancer patients.

Methods: In November 2020, a systematic literature review was performed through MEDLINE/PubMed and the Cochrane Centre Register of Controlled Trials. Publications that included skin-sparing or nipple-sparing mastectomy followed by breast reconstruction and described the location of local recurrences were analyzed.

Clinicopathological Features of BRCA1/2 Mutation-Positive Breast Cancer.

Purpose: The BRCA1/2 gene is the most well-known and studied gene associated with hereditary breast cancer. BRCA1/2 genetic testing is widely performed in high-risk patients of hereditary breast cancer in Korea. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of BRCA1/2 mutation-positive breast cancer patients.

Long-term oncologic and complication outcomes in anal cancer patients treated with radiation therapy.

Aim: The aim of the study is to analyze prognostic factors for tumor control, survival, and late toxicity in patients with anal cancer treated with chemoradiation.

Materials And Methods: Anal cancer patients treated between 1996 and 2010 were analyzed. Patients received radiotherapy and concurrent 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin-C.

Comparison of breast volume change between oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery with radiation therapy and a simultaneous contralateral balancing procedure through the inverted-T scar technique.

Background: Reduction mammoplasty or mastopexy is performed as an additional balancing procedure in patients with large or ptotic breasts who undergo breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Radiation therapy on breasts that have undergone surgery may result in changes in the volume. This study presents a comparative analysis of patients who received post-BCS balancing procedures to determine whether volume changes were larger in breasts that received radiation therapy than on the contralateral side.

Who are the optimal candidates for partial breast irradiation?

At the 2017 St. Gallen International Expert Consensus Conference on the Primary Therapy for Early Breast Cancer, the consensus panel recognized "partial breast irradiation as an option for women meeting the low-risk criteria put forward by the American Society for Radiation Oncology/European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ASTRO/ESTRO) guideline," although acknowledging that there was less evidence for this approach. Partial breast irradiation is defined as irradiation localized to the surgical resection cavity only as opposed to the entire breast.

Combined transarterial chemoembolization and radiotherapy as a first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma with macroscopic vascular invasion: Necessity to subclassify Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C.

Background And Purpose: Systemic therapy such as sorafenib is the standard for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the survival benefits are modest especially for HCC with macroscopic vascular invasion (MVI). Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus external beam radiotherapy (RT) is an alternative treatment to sorafenib, with favorable clinical results. We evaluated the outcomes of respiratory-gated RT and TACE in treatment-naïve BCLC stage C HCC patients with MVI and proposed a subclassification model.

Axillary Lymph Node Dissection Does Not Improve Post-mastectomy Overall or Disease-Free Survival among Breast Cancer Patients with 1-3 Positive Nodes.

Purpose: Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) may be avoidable for breast cancer patients with 1-2 positive lymph nodes (LN) after breast-conserving therapy. However, the effects of ALND after mastectomy remain unclear because radiation is not routinely used. Herein, we compared the benefits of post-mastectomy ALND versus sentinel node biopsy (SNB) alone for breast cancer patients with 1-3 metastatic LNs.

Evaluation of the Prognostic Stage in the 8th Edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer in Patients with Breast Cancer and Internal Mammary Lymph Node Metastasis.

Background/aim: This study evaluated the prognostic value of the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) cancer staging system for patients with internal mammary lymph node (IMN) metastases.

Materials And Methods: Of the patients with breast cancer who were treated between 2009 and 2013, 66 were diagnosed as cN3b. We restaged the patients and analyzed the prognostic value of the prognostically staged groups.

Prognostic significance of lymph node ratio in node-positive cervical cancer patients.

To determine whether the pelvic lymph node ratio (LNR) has significant prognostic value for survival and disease recurrence in node-positive, early stage cervical cancer patients.The medical records of 872 consecutive women who received postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy were reviewed. Of these, 397 women with pathologically proven lymph nodal metastasis were included in this analysis and categorized into 3 groups according to their LNR: low (<0.

Tumor Boost Using External Beam Radiation in Cervical Cancer Patients Unable to Receive Intracavitary Brachytherapy: Outcome From a Multicenter Retrospective Study (Korean Radiation Oncology Group 1419).

Purpose: We conducted this study to evaluate the outcomes of external-beam radiotherapy tumor boost (EBRT-B) in cervical cancer patients who could not receive intracavitary brachytherapy.

Methods: A total of 11 hospitals provided the data of patients who received EBRT-B during the period from January 2005 through October 2012.

Results: A total of 75 patients were included.

Local Control Outcomes Using Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Liver Metastases From Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the effective dose and patterns of recurrence after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for hepatic metastases that arise from colorectal cancer.

Methods And Materials: A cohort of 70 patients with 103 colorectal liver metastases were treated with SBRT at a single institution. The prescribed doses were 45 to 60 Gy in 3 to 4 fractions, but these were modified according to the tolerance of the adjacent normal tissue.

Total Mesorectal Excision Versus Local Excision After Favorable Response to Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in "Early" Clinical T3 Rectal Cancer: A Propensity Score Analysis.

Purpose: To compare oncological outcomes of total mesorectal excision (TME) and local excision (LE) in patients with "early" clinical T3 rectal cancer who received preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT).

Methods And Materials: "Early" clinical T3 rectal cancer was radiologically defined as tumors with extramural extension of <5 mm without mesorectal fascia involvement and lateral lymph node metastasis. Patients with "early" clinical T3 rectal cancer who received PCRT followed by TME or LE between January 2007 and December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.

Impact of pathologic diagnosis of internal mammary lymph node metastasis in clinical N2b and N3b breast cancer patients.

Purpose: To analyze the prognostic role of pathologic confirmation of internal mammary lymph nodes (IMNs) for breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods: Of the patients who were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy between 2009 and 2013, 114 women had suspicious IMNs and FNAB was attempted. Clinical IMN metastasis was diagnosed by 18F-FDG PET/CT positivity or pathologic confirmation (N = 70).