Incidence and Outcomes of Diaphragmatic Hernia After Living Donor Hepatectomy: The Significance of Bipolar Irrigated Sealer Use.

Background: Acquired diaphragmatic hernia (DH) is a rare and potentially fatal complication after living donor hepatectomy (LDH). This study aimed to assess the incidence and clinical outcomes of DH after LDH.

Methods: Four thousand fourteen living donors who underwent LDH at Asan Medical Center, Seoul, between September 2013 and August 2023 were retrospectively reviewed.

Serial Changes in Muscle Strength and Dynamic Balance After Lateral Meniscal Allograft Transplantation: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 55 Patients.

Background: Despite numerous studies examining subjective clinical scores after meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT), research focusing specifically on functional measures is lacking.

Purpose: To evaluate the serial changes in isokinetic muscle strength and dynamic balance during the first postoperative year after lateral MAT (LMAT).

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Transcatheter Arterial Embolization for the Control of Neoplastic Hemorrhage in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer: A Case Report.

Intractable bleeding from locally advanced breast carcinoma is a rare but challenging clinical problem. Given the patients' poor overall condition and palliative care status, management options are often limited. Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) emerges as a potential alternative to traditional surgical or radiation-based approaches for hemorrhage control.

Expression of kiwifruit-derived actinidin in leaves.

Kiwifruit ()-derived actinidin, a cysteine protease, is renowned for its meat-tenderizing and milk-clotting activities. Despite its potential in various biotechnological applications, an efficient expression platform for actinidin production has not yet been developed. Instead, actinidin has traditionally been purified directly from the fruits of various plants.

Inter-reader reliability of Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System US: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) US provides a standardized lexicon for ovarian and adnexal lesions, facilitating risk stratification based on morphological features for malignancy assessment, which is essential for proper management. However, systematic determination of inter-reader reliability in O-RADS US categorization remains unexplored. This study aimed to systematically determine the inter-reader reliability of O-RADS US categorization and identify the factors that affect it.

Feasibility of Pure Laparoscopic Donor Right Hepatectomy Compared to Open Donor Right Hepatectomy: A Large Single-Center Cohort Study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare morbidity of living donors and recipients after pure laparoscopic donor right hepatectomy (PLDRH) and open donor right hepatectomy (ODRH).

Background: Donor and recipient morbidity have not been sufficiently reported in large-scale comparisons of PLDRH and ODRH.

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 3348 donors who underwent PLDRH (n=329) and ODRH (n=3019) and their corresponding recipients (n=3348) between January 2014 and August 2023.

Targeting signals required for protein sorting to sub-chloroplast compartments.

Chloroplasts, distinctive subcellular organelles found exclusively in plant species, contain three membranes: the outer, inner, and thylakoid membranes. They also have three soluble compartments: the intermembrane space, stroma, and thylakoid lumen. Accordingly, delicate sorting mechanisms are required to ensure proper protein targeting to these sub-chloroplast compartments.

Assessment of changes in intra-abdominal pressure and cardiac output induced by liver compression in healthy anesthetized spontaneously breathing dogs.

Objective: Liver compression (LC) has been proposed to predict fluid responsiveness in human pediatric patients. Because the evaluation of fluid responsiveness through LC depends on the mechanism of increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), understanding the impact of LC on IAP, cardiac output (CO), and respiratory parameters is essential. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of LC on these parameters.

Intracalvariosseous administration of donepezil microspheres protects against cognitive impairment by virtue of long-lasting brain exposure in mice.

Recent studies have demonstrated the direct connections between the skull bone marrow, meninges, and brain. In an effort to explore these connections for the purpose of brain drug delivery, we previously proposed the direct application of CNS drugs into the diploic space between the outer and inner cortex of the skull, namely, intracalvariosseous administration (ICO). It was successfully demonstrated that small molecular to large colloidal drugs can readily reach the brain after ICO in mice and rabbits.

The Effect of Climate Change on Indicator Wetland Insects: Predicting the Current and Future Distribution of Two Giant Water Bugs (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae) in South Korea.

Giant water bugs (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae) are top predators in wetland ecosystems, serving as biological indicators of the health of lentic ecosystems and as effective biological control agents for freshwater snails and mosquitoes. This study aimed to predict the current and future distribution of two Korean giant water bugs, and , under three climate change scenarios, contributing to the sustainable management of wetland ecosystems in South Korea. Using MaxEnt models, we employed seven climatic and three non-climatic variables to investigate the habitat preferences and distribution patterns of the species.

Genetic Attributes and Conservation of an Endangered Giant Water Bug Species, Miyamoto and Lee, 1966 (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae).

, a water bug from the family Belostomatidae, plays an important role in freshwater ecosystems as one of the top predators. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of by analyzing 318 specimens across 27 sites in South Korea. We found that the populations of possess 11 haplotypes with a haplotype diversity of 0.

Mortality in elderly Parkinson's disease patients with long-term care needs: A nationwide population-based study in Korea.

Background: The effects of long-term care insurance (LTCI) in reducing medical costs and utilization among older adults have been reported. This study aims to investigate the mortality in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) requiring LTCI and its relationships with economic status.

Methods: This study was conducted using the database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS)-Senior Cohort between 2008 and 2019.

Systemic Brain Delivery of Oligonucleotide Therapeutics Enhanced by Protein Corona-Assisted DNA Cubes.

The systemic delivery of oligonucleotide therapeutics to the brain is challenging but highly desirable for the treatment of brain diseases undruggable with traditional small-molecule drugs. In this study, a set of DNA nanostructures is prepared and screened them to develop a protein corona-assisted platform for the brain delivery of oligonucleotide therapeutics. The biodistribution analysis of intravenously injected DNA nanostructures reveals that a cube-shaped DNA nanostructure (D-Cb) can penetrate the brain-blood barrier (BBB) and reach the brain tissue.

Climate change will lead to range shifts and genetic diversity losses of dung beetles in the Gobi Desert and Mongolian Steppe.

Desertification is known to be a major threat to biodiversity, yet our understanding of the consequent decline in biodiversity remains insufficient. Here, we predicted climate change-induced range shifts and genetic diversity losses in three model dung beetles: Colobopterus erraticus, Cheironitis eumenes, and Gymnopleurus mopsus, distributed across the Gobi Desert and Mongolian Steppe, areas known for desertification. Phylogeographic analyses of mitochondrial COI sequences and species distribution modeling, based on extensive field investigations spanning 14 years, were performed.

Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and gallstone risk in nonobese and lean individuals.

Purpose: The association between nonobese/lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and gallstone formation remains unclear. We aimed to assess whether NAFLD is an independent risk factor for gallstones, even in nonobese or lean individuals.

Methods: We analyzed 265 353 asymptomatic adults who underwent abdominal ultrasonography.

Validation of Diagnostic Thresholds for Compensated Advanced Chronic Liver Disease Using Supersonic Shear Imaging.

Background The Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound (SRU) has proposed thresholds for acoustic radiation force impulse techniques to diagnose compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD). However, the diagnostic performance of these thresholds has not been extensively validated. Purpose To validate the SRU thresholds in patients with chronic liver disease who underwent supersonic shear imaging and, if suboptimal diagnostic performance is observed, to identify optimal values for diagnosing cACLD.

The Association Between Cotinine-Verified Smoking Status and Risk of Gallstones: A Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: Previous epidemiological data on the association between cigarette smoking and risk of gallstone development remain controversial, and most relevant studies have relied on self-reported questionnaires. We aimed to elucidate this association using both an objective biomarker of tobacco exposure (urinary cotinine) and a self-reported questionnaire.

Methods: We analyzed 221,721 asymptomatic adults who underwent abdominal ultrasonography and urinary cotinine measurement between January 2011 and December 2016.

The Genetic Basis Underpinning Sexually Selected Traits across Different Animal Lineages: Are There Genetic Mechanisms in Common?

Sexual selection involving female choice or female preference ('inter-sexual' selection) and/or male-male competition ('intra-sexual' selection) is one of the key mechanisms for evolutionary diversification and speciation. In particular, sexual selection is recently suggested to be an important mode to drive the evolution of the "novel" phenotype (i.e.

Automated Detection and Segmentation of Bone Metastases on Spine MRI Using U-Net: A Multicenter Study.

Objective: To develop and evaluate a deep learning model for automated segmentation and detection of bone metastasis on spinal MRI.

Materials And Methods: We included whole spine MRI scans of adult patients with bone metastasis: 662 MRI series from 302 patients (63.5 ± 11.

Optimizing long-term stability of siRNA using thermoassemble ionizable reverse pluronic-Bcl2 micelleplexes.

Thermosassemble Ionizable Reverse Pluronic (TIRP) platform stands out for its distinctive combination of thermoassemble and ionizable features, effectively overcoming challenges in previous siRNA delivery systems. This study opens up a formation for long-term stabilization, and high loading of siRNA, specifically crafted for targeting oncogenic pathways. TIRP-Bcl2 self-assembles into a unique micelle structure with a nanodiameter of 75.

Expression of microRNAs related to apoptosis in the aqueous humor and lens capsule of patients with glaucoma.

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) related to apoptosis in the aqueous humor (AH) and lens capsule (LC) of patients with glaucoma.

Methods: AH and LC samples were collected from patients with open-angle glaucoma and control participants who were scheduled for cataract surgery. A miRNA PCR array comprising 84 miRNAs was used to analyze the AH (glaucoma,  = 3; control,  = 3) and LC samples (glaucoma,  = 3; control,  = 4).

Validation of a Korean Version of the Short UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale for Children.

Objective: Impulsivity is a multifaceted construct that plays an important role in various problem behaviors in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to validate a Korean version of the short UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale for Children.

Methods: Participants were 330 children (166 female) from 2 elementary schools in Korea and 94 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children (23 female) from two major hospitals.

Assessing visibility and bone changes of spinal metastases in CT scans: a comprehensive analysis across diverse cancer types.

Objectives: To analyze the characteristics of spinal metastasis in CT scans across diverse cancers for effective diagnosis and treatment, using MRI as the gold standard.

Methods: A retrospective study of 309 patients from four centers, who underwent concurrent CT and spinal MRI, revealing spinal metastasis, was conducted. Data on metastasis including total number, volume, visibility on CT (visible, indeterminate, or invisible), and type of bone change were collected.

CT Findings of Azygos Venous System: Congenital Variants and Acquired Structural Changes.

The azygos venous system is a crucial conduit of the posterior thorax and potentially vital collateral pathway. However, it is often overlooked clinically and radiologically. This pictorial essay reviews the normal azygos venous anatomy and CT findings of congenital variations and structural changes associated with acquired pathologies.