Image-Guided Percutaneous and Transarterial Therapies for Primary and Metastatic Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in the world. A significant proportion of patients with lung cancer are not candidates for surgery and must resort to other treatment alternatives. Rapid technological advancements in fields like interventional radiology have paved the way for valid treatment modalities like image-guided percutaneous and transarterial therapies for treatment of both primary and metastatic lung cancer.

Bronchial Artery Chemoembolization With Radiopaque Doxorubicin Eluding Beads in Patients With Malignant Hemoptysis from Metastatic Lung Cancer.

This pilot study was designed to assess the technical feasibility and safety of bronchial artery chemoembolization with radiopaque doxorubicin eluting beads (DEB-BACE) in patients with malignant hemoptysis from pulmonary metastasis. Four patients underwent DEB-BACE using 70-150 μm radiopaque DEB (LC Beads LUMI, Boston Scientific). Beads delivery and deposition were assessed under fluoroscopy and cone beam computed tomography (CT), respectively.

Real-time MRI-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy treatment of venous low-flow malformations in the head and neck.

Purpose This manuscript describes the technique of real-time MRI-guided sclerotherapy for low-flow venous malformations in the head and neck based on our institutional experience. Materials and methods Ethanolamine oleate is used as the sclerosant and is mixed with gadolinium for visualization during the procedure. The five procedural steps include: (I) an initial tri-plane T2-weighted sequence to visualize the lesion; (II) a T1 FSE or trueFISP sequence to assess needle placement and advancement within the lesion; (III) a tri-plane T1 FLASH sequence to monitor sclerosant injection; (IV) a T1 FSE or VIBE sequence to assess sclerosant coverage of the malformation before needle removal; (V) a post-procedural tri-plane T1 fat-saturated sequence to confirm sclerosant coverage of the lesion.

Real-time MRI-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy of low-flow head and neck lymphatic malformations in the pediatric population - a stepwise approach.

Real-time MRI-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy is a novel and evolving treatment for congenital lymphatic malformations in the head and neck. We elaborate on the specific steps necessary to perform an MRI-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy of lymphatic malformations including pre-procedure patient work-up and preparation, stepwise intraprocedural interventional techniques and post-procedure management. Based on our institutional experience, MRI-guided sclerotherapy with a doxycycline-gadolinium-based mixture as a sclerosant for lymphatic malformations of the head and neck region in children is well tolerated and effective.

Artifacts at Cardiac CT: Physics and Solutions.

Computed tomography is vulnerable to a wide variety of artifacts, including patient- and technique-specific artifacts, some of which are unique to imaging of the heart. Motion is the most common source of artifacts and can be caused by patient, cardiac, or respiratory motion. Cardiac motion artifacts can be reduced by decreasing the heart rate and variability and the duration of data acquisition; adjusting the placement of the data window within a cardiac cycle; performing single-heartbeat scanning; and using multisegment reconstruction, motion-correction algorithms, and electrocardiographic editing.

Simulation-Based Training May Improve Resident Skill in Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether simulation-based training can improve resident performance in ultrasound-guided biopsy.

Subjects And Methods: Forty radiology residents from a single academic institution enrolled in the study. Each resident performed an initial biopsy on an abdominal imaging phantom using direct ultrasound guidance.

Percutaneous CT-Guided Cryoablation of the Salivary Glands in a Porcine Model.

Purpose: To evaluate the imaging, histologic changes and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided cryoablation of the parotid glands in a porcine model.

Materials And Methods: Unilateral CT-guided parotid gland cryoablation was performed in 5 juvenile miniature pigs. The ablated parotid glands underwent 2 cycles of 10-minute freeze and 5-minute thaw using three 17-g cryoprobes.

Eponymous cardiovascular surgeries for congenital heart diseases--imaging review and historical perspectives.

Advances in pediatric cardiology and cardiac surgical techniques over the past few decades have revolutionized the management of the patients with congenital heart disease, and many now survive into adulthood. Several eponymous surgical procedures performed for congenital heart disease have been named after eminent surgeons. In this article, we provide a short biography of the surgeons associated with these eponymous surgical procedures along with their other important scientific contributions.

Ablation zones and weight-bearing bones: points of caution for the palliative interventionalist.

Purpose: To evaluate and classify underlying mechanisms of adverse outcomes after percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided cryoablation for palliation of painful musculoskeletal metastatic disease.

Materials And Methods: Data were collected for patients who underwent CT-guided percutaneous palliative cryoablation for painful musculoskeletal metastatic disease between January 2010 and December 2012. Cases with adverse outcomes or suboptimal response were identified and classified according to the Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) classification system for complications by outcome and according to underlying mechanism of the outcome as delineated on follow-up examination.

Palliative procedures for the interventional oncologist.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to present our experience using multimodality interventional radiologic techniques for the treatment of cancer-related pain across a spectrum of abnormalities.

Conclusion: Percutaneous imaging-guided thermal ablation has emerged as a safe and efficacious treatment for painful osseous metastases. The implementation of interventional thermal ablative techniques for the treatment of intractable pain secondary to malignancy can be further expanded to include transcatheter and combination procedures.

Coblation for metastatic vertebral disease.

Purpose: Plasma-mediated radiofrequency ablation (coblation) creates a cavity for directed polymethylmethacrylate deposition through molecular dissociation, providing a safe and efficacious cementoplasty for patients with high-risk, painful vertebral body metastatic disease. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively review and report details regarding the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of coblation and cementoplasty for treating painful advanced vertebral body metastatic disease.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen patients with painful metastatic vertebral body fractures with a posterior cortical defect and/or epidural tumor extension underwent percutaneous coblation and cementoplasty.

Indexing severity of diabetic foot infection with 99mTc-WBC SPECT/CT hybrid imaging.

Objective: Management of diabetic foot infection (DFI) has been hampered by limited means of accurately classifying disease severity. New hybrid nuclear/computed tomography (CT) imaging techniques elucidate a combination of wound infection parameters not previously evaluated as outcome prognosticators. Our aim is to determine if a novel standardized hybrid image-based scoring system, Composite Severity Index (CSI), has prognostic value in DFI.