Publications by authors named "Jheel Patel"
Article Synopsis
- Genetic studies show that the microglial immune response is crucial in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly through the influence of the PLCG2 gene which is specific to microglia.
- A mild hypermorphic variant of PLCG2 reduces AD risk, while a loss-of-function variant increases risk, indicating that PLCG2 can either protect against or worsen AD symptoms by affecting how microglia carry out their immune functions.
- The research suggests that targeting PLCG2 variants could lead to new therapeutic strategies for AD by modulating microglial responses that contribute to disease progression.
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of neurodevelopment disorders that are characterized by heterogenous cognitive deficits and genetic factors. As more ASD risk genes are identified, genetic animal models have been developed to parse out the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of ASD. In this review, we discuss a subset of genetic models of ASD, focusing on those that have been widely studied and strongly linked to ASD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Reducing sympathetic efferent outflow from the stellate ganglia (SG) may be antiarrhythmic.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that chronic thoracic subcutaneous nerve stimulation (ScNS) could reduce SG nerve activity (SGNA) and control paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT).
Methods: Thoracic ScNS was performed in 8 dogs while SGNA, vagal nerve activity (VNA), and subcutaneous nerve activity (ScNA) were monitored.
Background: Purkinje cells (PCs) are important in cardiac arrhythmogenesis. Whether small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channels are present in PCs remains unclear. We tested the hypotheses that subtype 2 SK (SK2) channel proteins and apamin-sensitive SK currents are abundantly present in PCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Renal sympathetic denervation (RD) is a promising method of neuromodulation for the management of cardiac arrhythmia.
Objective: We tested the hypothesis that RD is antiarrhythmic in ambulatory dogs because it reduces the stellate ganglion nerve activity (SGNA) by remodeling the stellate ganglion (SG) and brain stem.
Methods: We implanted a radiotransmitter to record SGNA and electrocardiogram in 9 ambulatory dogs for 2 weeks, followed by a second surgery for RD and 2 months SGNA recording.
Background: The effects of intermittent open-loop vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) on the ventricular rate (VR) during atrial fibrillation (AF) remain unclear.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that VNS damages the stellate ganglion (SG) and improves VR control during persistent AF.
Methods: We performed left cervical VNS in ambulatory dogs while recording the left SG nerve activity (SGNA) and vagal nerve activity.
Background And Objectives: Recent studies showed that, in addition to parasympathetic nerves, cervical vagal nerves contained significant sympathetic nerves. We hypothesized that cervical vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) may capture the sympathetic nerves within the vagal nerve and activate the stellate ganglion.
Materials And Methods: We recorded left stellate ganglion nerve activity (SGNA), left thoracic vagal nerve activity (VNA), and subcutaneous electrocardiogram in seven dogs during left cervical VNS with 30 seconds on-time and 30 seconds off time.
Background: Stellate ganglion nerve activity (SGNA) is important in ventricular arrhythmogenesis. However, because thoracotomy is needed to access the stellate ganglion, it is difficult to use SGNA for risk stratification.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that subcutaneous nerve activity (SCNA) in canines can be used to estimate SGNA and predict ventricular arrhythmia.
Background: The relationship between cardiac autonomic nerve activity and blood pressure (BP) changes in ambulatory dogs is unclear.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that simultaneous termination of stellate ganglion nerve activity (SGNA) and vagal nerve activity (VNA) predisposes to spontaneous orthostatic hypotension and that specific β₂-adrenoceptor blockade prevents the hypotensive episodes.
Methods: We used a radiotransmitter to record SGNA, VNA, and BP in eight ambulatory dogs.
Background: Cervical vagal nerve (CVN) stimulation may improve left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with heart failure.
Objectives: To test the hypothesis that sympathetic structures are present in the CVN and to describe the location and quantitate these sympathetic components of the CVN.
Methods: We performed immunohistochemical studies of the CVN from 11 normal dogs and simultaneously recorded stellate ganglion nerve activity, left thoracic vagal nerve activity, and subcutaneous electrocardiogram in 2 additional dogs.