Economic and clinical burden of major depressive disorder with insomnia symptoms in commercially and Medicaid-insured adults in the United States: A retrospective matched cohort study.

Background: Insomnia is a common symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD). Presence of insomnia symptoms in MDD (MDDIS) has been associated with worse depression severity and outcomes. This study assessed the economic and clinical burden of MDDIS in the United States.

Fabrication of lactoferrin-chitosan-etoposide nanoparticles with melatonin via carbodiimide coupling: In-vitro & in-vivo evaluation for colon cancer.

This study presents the development of melatonin-coated lactoferrin-chitosan nanoparticles (ETP-CS-LF-MLT-NPs) using ionic gelation and carbodiimide coupling for colorectal cancer treatment. The nanoparticles were characterized by an average size of 208.7 ± 1.

Indian Trial of Tranexamic acid in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage study protocol.

Rationale: Early mortality in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is due to hematoma volume (HV) expansion, and there are no effective treatments available other than reduction in blood pressure. Tranexamic acid (TXA) a hemostatic drug that is widely available and safe can be a cost-effective treatment for ICH, if proven efficacious.

Hypothesis: Administration of TXA in ICH patients when given within 4.

Enhancing Precision in Rectal Cancer Care: Unravelling the Correlation Between MRI Locoregional Staging and Prognostic Factors, With Post-resection Pathology.

Introduction Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) serves as a pivotal tool in the preoperative assessment of rectal cancer. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of preoperative MRI pelvis in rectal cancer for locoregional staging, circumferential margin (CRM+), and vascular invasion (V1) with postoperative histopathological findings. Methods All patients who underwent preoperative staging MRI pelvis scanning for histology-proven primary rectal adenocarcinoma between January 2020 and July 2022 were included in this study.

Unraveling the Augmented Field Emission Performance of Molybdenum Disulfide-Praseodymium Sulfide (MoS@PrS) Heterostructure: A Combined Experimental and First Principles-Based Study.

The molybdenum disulfide-praseodymium sulfide (MoS-PrS) heterojunctions are optimally synthesized through a sophisticated three-step procedure. Initially, MoS rods are synthesized using the micellar route followed by a solid-state reaction, forming well-defined structures. Subsequently, PrS nanoparticles are synthesized using the same method.

Online Formative Assessments in Medical Education During COVID-19.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate perception of medical students regarding online mode of assessments and to compare the academic outcomes of various methodologies adopted for online formative assessments.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. This study was conducted in the department of biochemistry at the constituent medical college of Health University in India and included 150 first year medical undergraduates of either gender.

Chitosan nanoparticles of imatinib mesylate coated with TPGS for the treatment of colon cancer: In-vivo & in-vitro studies.

The study aimed to develop and evaluate chitosan-based nanoparticles coated with TPGS for the targeted delivery of imatinib mesylate to colon cancer cells. Particle size and zeta potential analysis were within the acceptable range for targeting colon cancer. CS-IMT-TPGS-NPs had a significant positive zeta potential of 30.

Groundwater resources: challenges and future opportunities.

Ensuring the sustainability and security of groundwater resources requires identification of region-specific challenges and solutions to accommodate water needs in diverse sectors, including ecosystems. They are related to extensive variations in natural conditions (e.g.

Right ventricular strain as a predictor of trastuzumab-induced chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction: A meta-analysis.

Introduction: The survival rates of breast cancer patients have improved drastically in the past few decades due to advancements in anti-neoplastic drugs. Trastuzumab (TZ) chemotherapy is associated with left ventricular dysfunction leading to cardiotoxicity. Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography has demonstrated efficacy in predicting TZ-induced cardiotoxicity; however, its role in using right ventricular (RV) strain parameters remains unclear.

Design of a new process for the stabilization of FeS-BiS hybrid nanostructure and its application as a field emitter.

The relentless pursuit for technological advancement has fuelled intensive research into nanoarchitectures as fundamental components of various devices. One-dimensional (1-D) nanomaterials, including nanorods, nanowires, and nanotubes, have garnered significant attention due to their distinctive catalytic, optical, and electronic properties. Metal chalcogenides have emerged as promising candidates for diverse applications ranging from sensing devices to solar cells, particularly bismuth sulphide (BiS).

Triazole scaffold-based DPP-IV Inhibitors for the management of Type-II Diabetes Mellitus: Insight into Molecular Docking and SAR.

Diabetes mellitus, characterized as a chronic metabolic disorder or a polygenic syndrome; is increasing at a very fast pace among every group of the population worldwide. It arises due to the inability of the body to produce enough insulin (the hormone responsible for controlling blood sugar levels) or inability to utilize the insulin, leading to hyperglycaemic condition, which, if left uncontrolled gives rise to chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications like retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, coronary artery disease, cognitive impairment, etc. Several therapeutic approaches are available for the treatment of diabetes; among which dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-IV) inhibitors (gliptins) hold a significant place.

The IL-4-IL-4Rα axis modulates olfactory neuroimmune signaling to induce loss of smell.

IL-4 and IL-13 have non-redundant effects in olfaction, with loss of smell in mice evoked only by intranasal administration of IL-4, but not IL-13. IL-4-evoked pathophysiological effects on olfaction is independent of compromised structural integrity of the olfactory neuroepithelium. IL-4-IL-4Rα signaling modulates neuronal crosstalk with immune cells, suggesting a functional link between olfactory impairment and neuroinflammation.

Thyroidea Ima Artery in Cadavers of a Medical College in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Thyroidea ima artery is a variant arterial branch of arch of aorta supplying the thyroid gland. Understanding the anatomic variances and correctly identifying the thyroidea ima artery is crucial to preventing serious complications both before and after neck surgery. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of thyroidea ima artery in cadavers of a medical college in Nepal.

Effectiveness of TENS and Acetaminophen for Pain Control During Orthodontic Treatment: A Comparative Study.

Background: Orthodontic treatment often induces pain, especially post appliance placement. This study compares transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and acetaminophen for orthodontic pain management.

Materials And Methods: A randomized trial included 120 fixed orthodontic patients divided into three groups (n = 40): Group A received TENS, group B received acetaminophen, and group C was the control.

Remaining useful life prediction of Lithium-ion batteries using spatio-temporal multimodal attention networks.

Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in various applications, including electric vehicles and renewable energy storage. The prediction of the remaining useful life (RUL) of batteries is crucial for ensuring reliable and efficient operation, as well as reducing maintenance costs. However, determining the life cycle of batteries in real-world scenarios is challenging, and existing methods have limitations in predicting the number of cycles iteratively.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with coronary flow reserve impairment: A pilot meta-analysis.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is estimated to affect approximately 25% of the global population. Both, coronary artery disease and NAFLD are linked to underlying insulin resistance and inflammation as drivers of the disease. Coronary flow reserve parameters, including coronary flow reserve velocity (CFRV), baseline diastolic peak flow velocity (DPFV), and hyperemic DPFV, are noninvasive markers of coronary microvascular circulation.

Comparison of pSOFA with PRISM III and PIM 2 as Predictors of Outcome in a Tertiary Care Pediatric ICU: A Prospective Cross-sectional Study.

Aims And Background: Severity scores are used to predict the outcome of children admitted to the intensive care unit. A descriptive score such as the pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (pSOFA) may be useful for prediction of outcome. This study was planned to compare the pSOFA score with these well-studied scores for prediction of mortality.

Increased Aortic Stiffness With Acute Exercise in Heart Failure: Assessment by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance.

This study aimed to investigate the acute changes in proximal aortic distensibility, a measure of aortic stiffness, induced by acute exercise in participants with and without heart failure (HF). Participants with HF (n = 24) and without HF (n = 26) underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) (1.5 T) imaging at rest and after submaximal supine bicycle ergometry.

Deciphering Regulatory T-Cell Dynamics in Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanisms, Implications, and Therapeutic Innovations.

This Review explores how tumor-associated regulatory cells (Tregs) affect cancer immunotherapy. It shows how Tregs play a role in keeping the immune system in check, how cancers grow, and how well immunotherapy work. Tregs use many ways to suppress the immune system, and these ways are affected by the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Clinical and sociodemographic features of the Texas resilience against depression (T-RAD) study: Findings from the initial cohort.

Objective: The burden of major depressive disorder is compounded by a limited understanding of its risk factors, the limited efficacy of treatments, and the lack of precision approaches to guide treatment selection. The Texas Resilience Against Depression (T-RAD) study was designed to explore the etiology of depression by collecting comprehensive socio-demographic, clinical, behavioral, neurophysiological/neuroimaging, and biological data from depressed individuals (D2K) and youth at risk for depression (RAD).

Methods: This report details the baseline sociodemographic, clinical, and functional features from the initial cohort (D2K N = 1040, RAD N = 365).