Cellulase from for biofuel application: enzymatic characterization and inhibition tolerance investigation.

Halophilic bacteria are promising candidates for biofuel production because of their efficient cellulose degradation. Their cellulases exhibit high activity, even in the presence of inhibitors and under extreme conditions, making them ideal for biorefinery applications. In this study, we isolated a strain of (Kadal6) from decomposed cotton cloth on a Rameshwaram seashore.

Fermented foods affect the seasonal stability of gut bacteria in an Indian rural population.

The effect of fermented foods on healthy human gut microbiota structure and function, particularly its seasonal preference and frequent long-term consumption, has been largely uncharacterised. Here, we assess the gut microbiota and metabolite composition of 78 healthy Indian agrarian individuals who differ in the intake of fermented milk and soybean products by seasonal sampling during hot-humid summer, autumn and dry winter. Here we show that, seasonal shifts between the Prevotella- and Bifidobacterium/Ruminococcus-driven community types, or ecological states, and associated fatty acid derivatives, with a bimodal change in Bacteroidota community structure during summer, particularly in fermented milk consumers.

Repurposing fluvoxamine as an inhibitor for NUDT5 in breast cancer cell: an in silico and in vitro study.

Unlabelled: Drug repurposing is necessary to accelerate drug discovery and meet the drug needs. This study investigated the possibility of using fluvoxamine to inhibit the cellular metabolizing enzyme NUDT5 in breast cancer. Computational and experimental techniques were used to evaluate the structural flexibility, binding stability, and chemical reactivity of the drugs.

2D sheet structure of zinc molybdate decorated on MXene for highly selective and sensitive electrochemical detection of the arsenic drug Roxarsone in water samples.

Water contamination is a serious environmental issue posing a significant global challenge. Roxarsone (ROX), a widely used anticoccidial drug is excreted in urine and feces, potentially disrupting natural habitats. Therefore, rapid and cost-effective ROX detection is essential.

Investigation of the influence of Candida tropicalis on bioethanol production using sugarcane bagasse: stochastic and in silico analysis.

This study investigated the impact of Candida tropicalis NITCSK13 on sugarcane bagasse (SCB) consolidated bioprocessing (CSB) using various parameters, such as pH, steam explosion (STEX) pretreatment, and temperature (at two different temperatures, cellulose hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation). The backpropagation neural network (BPNN) method simulated the optimal CSB conditions, achieving a maximum ethanol yield of 44 ± 0.32 g/L (0.

Endophytic fungi of Panax sokpayensis produce bioactive ginsenoside Compound K in flask fermentation.

Endophytes of Panax have the potential to produce their host plant secondary metabolites, ginsenosides. Panax sokpayensis, an endemic traditional medicinal plant of the Sikkim Himalayas was explored for the isolation of endophytic fungi. In the present study, we have isolated 35 endophytic fungal cultures from the rhizome of P.

Comparative analyses of the bacterial communities present in the spontaneously fermented milk products of Northeast India and West Africa.

Introduction: Spontaneous fermentation of raw cow milk without backslopping is in practice worldwide as part of the traditional food culture, including "" preparation in earthen pots in Northeast India, "" of Niger and "" of Benin prepared in calabash vessels in West Africa. Very few reports are available about the differences in bacterial communities that evolved during the spontaneous mesophilic fermentation of cow milk in diverse geographical regions.

Methods: In this study, we used high throughput amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene to investigate 44 samples of naturally fermented homemade milk products and compared the bacterial community structure of these foods, which are widely consumed in Northeast India and Western Africa.

Device-Physics Realization of ZnO-MWCNT Nanostructure-Based Field-Effect Biosensor for Ultrasensitive Simultaneous Genomic Detection of Foodborne Pathogens.

The complex and versatile interactions among the wide variety of the nanostructures and the target analytes have primarily limited the detailed investigation of the transduction mechanism of nanomaterial-assisted electrical signal-based biosensors despite their high sensitivity, low-cost, portability, and ease of deployment. Hence, no common ground is formed detailing the principle of operation, demanding a strong need for systematic examination instead of hit and trial. Therefore, a maiden mechanistic investigation has been carried out in this paper for a field-effect-based biosensor device relying on the energy band diagram and the surface potential profile.

Selective extracellular secretion of small double-stranded RNA by Tetragenococcus halophilus.

Small double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) abundantly produced by lactic acid bacteria demonstrate immunomodulatory activity and antiviral protective immunity. However, the extracellular secretion of dsRNA from lactic acid bacteria and their compositional and functional differences compared to the intracellular dsRNA is unknown. In this study, we compared the intracellular and secreted extracellular dsRNA of the lactic acid bacteria, Tetragenococcus halophilus, commonly present in fermented foods, by growing in RNA-free and RNase-free media.

Dynamics of microbial populations and metabolites of fermenting saps throughout tapping process of ron and oil palm trees in Côte d'Ivoire.

Palm wine fermentation is a complex microbial process that evolves with tapping times. The dynamics in microbiota and metabolites throughout palm wine tapping days is still not established, which are critical for the distinctive characteristics of palm wine taste and quality, and thus the mastery of the daily quality fluctuation during tapping. We analyzed the changes in microbial community structure by amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and metabolite profile changes using mass spectrometry in palm wine collected over 25-30 days tapping of ron () and oil palms () from Côte d'Ivoire.

Diversity of beneficial microorganisms and their functionalities in community-specific ethnic fermented foods of the Eastern Himalayas.

The Eastern Himalayan regions of India, Nepal and Bhutan have more than 200 varieties of unsurpassed ethnic fermented foods and alcoholic beverages, which are lesser known outside the world. However, these ethnic foods are region- and community-specific, unique and some are exotic and rare, which include fermented vegetables, bamboo shoots, soybeans, cereals, milk (cow and yak), meats, fishes, and cereal-based alcoholic beverages and drinks. Ethnic communities living in the Eastern Himalayas have invented the indigenous knowledge of utilization of unseen microorganisms present in and around the environment for preservation and fermentation of perishable plant or animal substrates to obtain organoleptically desirable and culturally acceptable ethnic fermented food and alcoholic beverages.

Small double-stranded RNA with anti-HIV activity abundantly produced by Bacillus subtilis MTCC5480 isolated from fermented soybean.

Anti-viral RNA therapy is on high demand nowadays due to the emergence of several new viral infections. The small non-coding regulatory RNAs (dsRNA) from the microbial sources are not yet explored for anti-viral activity. In this study, we assessed the anti-HIV activity of the small dsRNA produced by 12 different microbial species isolated from naturally fermented foods of North-East India.

Microbial Diversity and Metabolite Profiles of Palm Wine Produced From Three Different Palm Tree Species in Côte d'Ivoire.

Palm wine, the most commonly consumed traditional alcoholic beverage in Western Africa, harbours a complex microbiota and metabolites, which plays a crucial role in the overall quality and value of the product. In the present study, a combined metagenomic and metabolomic approach was applied to describe the microbial community structure and metabolites profile of fermented saps from three palm species (Elaeis guineensis, Raphia hookeri, Borassus aethiopum) in Côte d'Ivoire. Lactobacillaceae (47%), Leuconostocaceae (16%) and Acetobacteriaceae (28%) were the most abundant bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (87%) the predominant yeasts in these beverages.

High-Throughput Illumina MiSeq Amplicon Sequencing of Yeast Communities Associated With Indigenous Dairy Products From Republics of Benin and Niger.

Traditional cheese and fermented cow milk are among the most popular dairy products appreciated by people from Benin, Niger, and the neighboring region. These products are the main source of protein in the diet of the low-income population in the region. The fermented milk is prepared by spontaneous fermentation without back-slopping.

Toxigenic and pathogenic potential of enteric bacterial pathogens prevalent in the traditional fermented foods marketed in the Northeast region of India.

The microbial risk involved with natural food fermentation is largely unknown. Here, we report the prevalence of enteric bacterial pathogens in the traditional fermented foods marketed in Northeast region of India. A total of 682 samples of 39 food types (broadly categorized into fermented soybean, bamboo shoot, fish, milk and pork products) collected over four different seasons from seven states of India were analyzed in this study.

Comparative analysis of the gut microbiota in centenarians and young adults shows a common signature across genotypically non-related populations.

Gut microbiota is among the factors that may be involved in healthy aging. Broader and geographically spread studies on gut microbiota of centenarians can help in identifying a common signature of longevity. We identified an endogamous Indian population with high centenarian prevalence.

Production of exopolysaccharide by strains of YO175 and OF101 isolated from traditional fermented cereal beverage.

YO175 and OF101 isolates from Nigerian traditional fermented cereal gruel ', were investigated on the basis of their capability to produce exopolysaccharide (EPS) on sucrose modified deMan Rogosa Sharpe medium (mMRS). Functional groups analysis of the EPSs produced (EPS-YO175 and EPS-OF101) by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy revealed the presence of -OH, C=O and C-H groups. The chemical composition of EPS-YO175 and EPS-OF101 showed the presence of 87.

Bacterial community in naturally fermented milk products of Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim of India analysed by high-throughput amplicon sequencing.

Naturally fermented milk (NFM) products are popular ethnic fermented foods in Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim states of India. The present study is the first to have documented the bacterial community in 54 samples of NFM products viz. chhurpi, churkam, dahi and gheu/mar by high-throughput Illumina amplicon sequencing.

Extracellular polysaccharide from Weissella confusa OF126: Production, optimization, and characterization.

The production, optimization, and characterization of exopolysaccharide (EPS) from Weissella confusa OF126 and the in-vitro probiotic potentials of this strain was investigated. The EPS produced on sucrose modified-MRS broth was characterized. The purified EPS had an average molecular weight of 1.

Quantifying the biases in metagenome mining for realistic assessment of microbial ecology of naturally fermented foods.

Cultivation-independent investigation of microbial ecology is biased by the DNA extraction methods used. We aimed to quantify those biases by comparative analysis of the metagenome mined from four diverse naturally fermented foods (bamboo shoot, milk, fish, soybean) using eight different DNA extraction methods with different cell lysis principles. Our findings revealed that the enzymatic lysis yielded higher eubacterial and yeast metagenomic DNA from the food matrices compared to the widely used chemical and mechanical lysis principles.

Fever with Rash, an Alarm to the Physicians - A Case Report of Atypical Measles.

Measles is a highly contagious disease caused by Paramyxovirus group. It has been estimated that globally deaths occurs out of measles. The disease still remains as one of the leading cause of death among young children and adults despite the effective vaccination.

Production of angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE-I) peptides during milk fermentation and their role in reducing hypertension.

Fermented milk is a potential source of various biologically active peptides with specific health benefits. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE-I) peptides are one of the most studied bioactive peptides produced during milk fermentation. The presence of these peptides is reported in various fermented milk products such as, yoghurt, cheese, sour milk, etc.

Three-phase succession of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria to reach a stable ecosystem within 7 days of natural bamboo shoot fermentation as revealed by different molecular approaches.

Microbial community structure and population dynamics during spontaneous bamboo shoot fermentation for production of 'soidon' (indigenous fermented food) in North-east India were studied using cultivation-dependent and cultivation-independent molecular approaches. Cultivation-dependent analyses (PCR-amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis and rRNA gene sequencing) and cultivation-independent analyses (PCR-DGGE, qPCR and Illumina amplicon sequencing) were conducted on the time series samples collected from three independent indigenous soidon fermentation batches. The current findings revealed three-phase succession of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria to attain a stable ecosystem within 7 days natural fermentation of bamboo shoots.

Bacterial dynamics during yearlong spontaneous fermentation for production of ngari, a dry fermented fish product of Northeast India.

Ngari is the most popular traditionally processed non-salted fish product, prepared from sun-dried small cyprinid fish Puntius sophore (Ham.) in Manipur state of Northeast India. The microbial involvement in ngari production remained uncertain due to its low moisture content and yearlong incubation in anaerobically sealed earthen pots without any significant change in total microbial count.