Pyk2 downstream of G pathways regulates platelet shape change through RhoA/p160.

Rho/Rho-kinase downstream of G plays an important role in the regulation of calcium-independent platelet shape change. We have previously shown that proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) is activated downstream of G pathways. In this study, we evaluated the role of Pyk2 in G-induced platelet shape change.

Hymenobacter jeollabukensis sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterial strain, designated 1-3-3-8, was isolated from soil and characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain 1-3-3-8 belongs to the family Cytophagaceae of phylum Bacteroidetes and is most closely related to Hymenobacter paludis KBP-30 (96.8% similarity), Hymenobacter ocellatus Myx2105 (96.

Hymenobacter terrigena sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rodshaped, aerobic bacterial strain, designated S1-2-2-5, was isolated from the Jeollabuk-do province, Republic of Korea, and was characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain S1-2-2-5 belonged to the family Cytophagaceae in phylum Bacteroidetes, and was most closely related to Hymenobacter terrae DG7A (98.2%), Hymenobacter rubidus DG7B (98.

Synergistic Effect of Nano-Sliver with Sucrose on Extending Vase Life of the Carnation cv. Edun.

We investigated the effects of sucrose and nano-silver (NAg) on extending the vase life of cut carnation flowers "Edun". Sucrose (pulse treatment) suppressed ethylene production by downregulating the genes that code for its biosynthesis. Relative to the control, however, sucrose significantly promoted xylem blockage on cut stem surfaces and reduced relative fresh weight, antioxidant activity, and cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene () expression.

Role of Nano-silver and the Bacterial Strain in Increasing Vase Life of Cut Carnation 'Omea'.

We investigated the role of nano-silver (NAg) and the bacterial strain in increasing the vase life of cut carnation flowers 'Omea.' NAg treatment extended vase life of the flowers by increasing relative fresh weight, antioxidant activities, and expression level of the cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene (), and by suppressing bacterial blockage in stem segments, ethylene production and expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes and gene, compared with the control. Out of all the treatments, administration of 25 mg L NAg gave the best results for all the analyzed parameters.

Overexpression of snapdragon Delila (Del) gene in tobacco enhances anthocyanin accumulation and abiotic stress tolerance.

Background: Rosea1 (Ros1) and Delila (Del) co-expression controls anthocyanin accumulation in snapdragon flowers, while their overexpression in tomato strongly induces anthocyanin accumulation. However, little data exist on how Del expression alone influences anthocyanin accumulation.

Results: In tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum 'Xanthi'), Del expression enhanced leaf and flower anthocyanin production through regulating NtCHS, NtCHI, NtF3H, NtDFR, and NtANS transcript levels.

MYB transcription factor isolated from Raphanus sativus enhances anthocyanin accumulation in chrysanthemum cultivars.

A MYB transcription factor gene, RsMYB1, from radish was introduced into the chrysanthemum cultivars 'Peach ND', 'Peach Red', and 'Vivid Scarlet' under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Presence of RsMYB1 in transgenic lines was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results of reverse-transcription-PCR analysis revealed that the expression of RsMYB1 was stable in all transgenic lines and could enhance the expression levels of three key biosynthetic genes (F3H, DFR, and ANS) involved in anthocyanin production.

Factors influencing in vitro shoot regeneration from leaf segments of Chrysanthemum.

The objective of this research was to develop an efficient protocol for shoot regeneration from leaf segments of the Chrysanthemum cv. Vivid Scarlet by examining the effects of plant growth regulators, dark incubation period, gelling agents, and silver nitrate. The highest number of shoots per explant (12.

Ectopic expression of a maize calreticulin mitigates calcium deficiency-like disorders in sCAX1-expressing tobacco and tomato.

Deregulated expression of an Arabidopsis H⁺/Ca²⁺ antiporter (sCAX1) in agricultural crops increases total calcium (Ca²⁺) but may result in yield losses due to Ca²⁺ deficiency-like symptoms. Here we demonstrate that co-expression of a maize calreticulin (CRT, a Ca²⁺ binding protein located at endoplasmic reticulum) in sCAX1-expressing tobacco and tomato plants mitigated these adverse effects while maintaining enhanced Ca²⁺ content. Co-expression of CRT and sCAX1 could alleviate the hypersensitivity to ion imbalance in tobacco plants.

Expression of an Arabidopsis Ca2+/H+ antiporter CAX1 variant in petunia enhances cadmium tolerance and accumulation.

Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and minimally invasive technology to cleanse soils contaminated with heavy metals. However, few plant species are suitable for phytoremediation of metals such as cadmium (Cd). Genetic engineering offers a powerful tool to generate plants that can hyperaccumulate Cd.

Expression of an Arabidopsis CAX2 variant in potato tubers increases calcium levels with no accumulation of manganese.

Previously, we made a chimeric Arabidopsis thaliana vacuolar transporter CAX2B [a variant of N-terminus truncated form of CAX2 (sCAX2) containing the "B" domain from CAX1] that has enhanced calcium (Ca(2+)) substrate specificity and lost the manganese (Mn(2+)) transport capability of sCAX2. Here, we demonstrate that potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers expressing the CAX2B contain 50-65% more calcium (Ca(2+)) than wild-type tubers.

Genetic manipulation for enhancing calcium content in potato tuber.

Increased calcium (Ca) in potatoes may increase the production rate by enhancing tuber quality and storability. Additionally, increased Ca levels in important agricultural crops may help ameliorate the incidence of osteoporosis. However, the capacity to alter Ca levels in potato tubers through genetic manipulations has not been previously addressed.