Suboptimal bioinformatic predictions of antimicrobial resistance from whole-genome sequences in multidrug-resistant Corynebacterium isolates.

Herein, we combined different bioinformatics tools and databases (BV-BRC, ResFinder, RAST, and KmerResistance) to perform a prediction of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the genomic sequences of 107 Corynebacterium striatum isolates for which trustable antimicrobial susceptibility (AST) phenotypes could be retrieved. Then, the reliabilities of the AMR predictions were evaluated by different metrics: area under the ROC curve (AUC); Major Error Rates (MERs) and Very Major Error Rates (VMERs); Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC); F1-Score; and Accuracy. Out of 15 genes that were reliably detected in the C.

Identification and antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida haemulonii complex isolated from clinical samples.

Candida haemulonii complex (Candida haemulonii [I], Candida duobushaemulonii [II], and Candida haemulonii var. vulnera [III]) has become relevant in recent times, not so much because of a high incidence in human clinical sample cultures but because of its remarkable antifungal resistance. The objective of this study was to evaluate several methods for the identification of this uncommon species of Candida.

In vitro activity of ceftobiprole and dalbavancin against a collection of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolates from clinical samples with reduced susceptibility to daptomycin and/or resistant to linezolid or glycopeptides.

Introduction: The aim was to investigate the in vitro activity of ceftobiprole and dalbavancin against a collection of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolates with reduced susceptibility to daptomycin or resistant to linezolid and/or glycopeptides.

Methods: A total of 228 CoNS were tested using the Vitek-2 AST-626 cards (bioMérieux) and MIC of daptomycin, linezolid, vancomycin and teicoplanin were confirmed by Etest Strips (bioMérieux). Susceptibility testing for ceftobiprole and dalbavancin were performed by CLSI broth microdilution methodology.

In vitro activity of imipenem/relebactam against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from ICU patients in Spain and Portugal (SUPERIOR and STEP studies).

Objectives: To study the in vitro activity of imipenem/relebactam and comparators and the imipenem/relebactam resistance mechanisms in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa collection from Portugal (STEP, 2017-18) and Spain (SUPERIOR, 2016-17) surveillance studies.

Methods: P. aeruginosa isolates (n = 474) were prospectively recovered from complicated urinary tract (cUTI), complicated intra-abdominal (cIAI) and lower respiratory tract (LRTI) infections in 11 Portuguese and 8 Spanish ICUs.

Imipenem-Relebactam Susceptibility in Isolates Recovered from ICU Patients from Spain and Portugal (SUPERIOR and STEP Studies).

Imipenem-relebactam is a novel β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitor combination. We evaluated the activity of imipenem-relebactam and comparators against clinical isolates recovered in 8 Spanish and 11 Portuguese intensive care units (ICUs) (SUPERIOR, 2016-2017; STEP, 2017-2018). Overall, 747 isolates (378 Escherichia coli, 252 Klebsiella spp.

Evaluation of the rapid antigen detection test STANDARD F COVID-19 Ag FIA for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2: experience from an Emergency Department.

The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical performance of STANDARD F COVID-19 Ag FIA (SD Biosensor Inc., Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea), a rapid antigen detection test (RADT) for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2, in patients attended at the Emergency Department with signs or symptoms compatible with COVID-19 that had started in the last 5 days. The clinical performance of the antigen test was compared with RT-PCR, the reference standard.

Secondary Attack Rate, Transmission and Incubation Periods, and Serial Interval of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant, Spain.

Contact tracing data of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant cases during December 2021 in Cantabria, Spain, showed increased transmission (secondary attack rate 39%) compared with Delta cases (secondary attack rate 26%), uninfluenced by vaccination status. Incubation and serial interval periods were also reduced. Half of Omicron transmissions happened before symptom onset in the index case-patient.

WGS characterization of MDR Enterobacterales with different ceftolozane/tazobactam susceptibility profiles during the SUPERIOR surveillance study in Spain.

Objectives: To analyse by WGS the ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) resistance mechanisms in and spp. isolates recovered from complicated intra-abdominal and urinary tract infections in patients from Spanish ICUs (SUPERIOR surveillance study, 2016-17).

Methods: The clonal relatedness, the resistome and the virulome of 45 and 43 spp.

Distinct epidemiology and resistance mechanisms affecting ceftolozane/tazobactam in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from ICU patients in Spain and Portugal depicted by WGS.

Objectives: To analyse the epidemiology, the resistome and the virulome of ceftolozane/tazobactam-susceptible or -resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates recovered from surveillance studies in Portugal (STEP, 2017-18) and Spain (SUPERIOR, 2016-17).

Methods: P. aeruginosa isolates were recovered from intra-abdominal, urinary tract and lower respiratory tract infections in ICU patients admitted to 11 Portuguese and 8 Spanish hospitals.

Post-traumatic endophthalmitis caused by .

Introduction: complex has been associated with infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Infection can be localized or disseminated, affecting skin and soft tissues, the respiratory system, bones and joints, the circulatory system and especially the central nervous system. Ocular infections such as keratitis, scleritis, conjunctivitis, dacryocystitis, orbital cellulitis and endophthalmitis due to spp.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of microorganisms that cause urinary tract infections in pediatric patients.

Introduction: Cumulative susceptibility reports are a valuable tool for the empirical treatment of urinary tract infections, especially in the current context of increasing resistance rates. Our objective was to analyze the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates in urine cultures of pediatric patients during a five-year period.

Methods: Retrospective study of urine cultures from 2011 to 2015.

Sternal wound infection caused by : identification by MALDI-TOF MS.

Introduction: spp. infections are uncommon. However, a few clinical cases have been reported in the literature, particularly those involving immunocompromised hosts.

Disseminated classic Kaposi's sarcoma. Two cases with excellent response to pegylated liposomal doxorubicin.

Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) is usually used in disseminated HIV-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). It is the first-line treatment or second-line therapy in patients who do not tolerate or do not respond to polychemotherapy since 1995, when it was approved by the FDA. We report two cases of disseminated classic KS not associated with immunosuppression in which HHV-8 infection was demonstrated.

Chromomycosis due to Exophiala jeanselmei in a renal transplant recipient.

Chromomycosis is a rare mycotic infection that is more frequent in tropical and subtropical regions. Dematiaceous fungi are the causal agents of this mycosis. Several cases of chromomycosis in organ transplant recipients have been reported.