Durvalumab as consolidation therapy in patients who received chemoradiotherapy for unresectable stage III NSCLC: Real-world data from an expanded access program in Brazil (LACOG 0120).

Objective: The PACIFIC trial established standard therapy for patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC who did not progress after platinum-based concurrent chemoradiation therapy. However, real-world data, particularly from Latin America, remain limited. The LACOG 0120 study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of consolidation therapy with durvalumab in a real-world setting in Brazil.

Cutoff points for handgrip strength in patients with liver cirrhosis: a multicenter study.

Objectives: This study aimed to define handgrip strength (HGS) cutoff points to predict 1-year mortality in adult patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods: This is an analysis of cohort databases from four reference centers in Brazil. Inpatients or outpatients with cirrhosis and aged ≥18 years were included.

Critical evaluation of Pap test adherence to routine screening in Amazonas State, Brazil.

Introduction: This study critically evaluates adherence to Pap test screening practices in cytology-based cervical cancer screening in the state of Amazonas over a 10-year period.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of the results of cytological screening examinations (Pap test) in Amazonas State from 2013 to 2023. For this purpose, Brazilian public databases Cervical Cancer Information System (SISCOLO) and Cancer Information System (SISCAN) (from The Department of Information and IT of the Unified Health System - DATASUS) were consulted.

Ehrlichia sp. in dairy cattle from Bahia, Brazil: high seropositivity rates and molecular confirmation of Ehrlichia minasensis.

Background: Ehrlichia spp. are obligate intracytoplasmic Gram-negative tickborne bacteria from the Anaplasmataceae family. Ehrlichiosis is considered an emerging disease in humans and animals.

The role of biosilica and its potential for sensing technologies: A review.

Efficiently managing agricultural waste while innovating to derive value-added products is a significant challenge in the 21st century. In recent decades, these by-products have been increasingly explored as alternative sources for materials such as biosilica. Biosilica is renowned for its high surface area, biocompatibility, chemical stability, and modifiable surface, which makes it suitable for various applications.

Heterogenous bioluminescence patterns, cell viability, and biofilm formation of strains exposed to ground microplastics.

Microplastics (MPs) have been detected in various aquatic environments and negatively affect organisms, including marine luminous bacteria. This study investigated the differences in bioluminescence patterns, cell viability, and biofilm formation of strains (LB01 and LB09) when exposed to various concentrations of ground microplastics (GMPs; 0.25%, 0.

Effect of physical activity on depression, anxiety, and stress in women surviving breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Breast cancer treatment can lead to psychological distress, including depression, anxiety, and stress. We systematically investigated the effect of physical exercise on these factors in women surviving breast cancer (WSBC). Eight databases were searched to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Engagement in Extracurricular Activities During Medical School: A Cross-Sectional Study on Student Motivations and Challenges.

Objectives: Extracurricular activities (EA) are crucial for medical education, fostering professional and personal growth. They complement formal curriculum structures, addressing students' social, psychological, and academic needs. Understanding students' motivations for choosing EA is essential for creating effective educational strategies.

Nutritional risk assessment using the Nutritional Prognostic Index predicts mortality in Advanced Chronic Liver Disease patients.

Objectives: Early clinical prognosis and mortality reduction remains a challenge in chronic liver disease (CLD). The full potential of the Nutritional Prognostic Index (NPI) for nutritional assessment and management in CLD patients remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to establish an NPI cutoff point for the identification of nutritional risk in advanced CLD (ACLD) patients, as well as to assess the NPI's ability to predict ACLD-associated mortality.

Spontaneous Spinal Subdural Hematoma Associated With Rivaroxaban and Aspirin Use: A Report of a Rare Case.

A spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma (SSSH) is a rare but potentially deadly condition characterized by the presence of blood in the subdural space, commonly causing compression of the spinal cord and acute neurological deficits. Urgent surgical intervention with a decompressive laminectomy is warranted to avoid lasting deficits. The literature on this pathology is scarce, and the etiology is still poorly understood, although associations have been established with arteriovenous malformations, rupture of epidural vessels, and anticoagulant use, among others.

Anti-Phytomonas activity of the lyophilized residues obtained from the distillation of Lantana camara L. essential oil.

On an industrial scale, the residues accumulated in essential oil distilleries can be compared to the volume of residues produced in the textile industry. Although these residues are discarded, they possess molecules with diverse biological activities, including their application in phytopathogen control. In this study, the chemical profile of the residue from the hydrodistillation of Lantana camara L.

Electrooxidative C(sp)-H Cyanation of Sparteine and Lupanine in Undivided Batch and Continuous-Flow Cells.

Sparteine is widely used as a chiral ligand in asymmetric synthesis, but methods for providing efficient access to functionalized sparteine derivatives are still limited. Herein, we describe an electrochemical α-cyanation of sparteine-type bis-quinolizidine alkaloids. This method features commercially available setups for batch and single-pass continuous flow conditions, enabling easy gram scale synthesis of valuable racemic and enantiopure products.

A new species of lungworm from the Atlantic Forest: n. sp. parasite of the endemic anuran .

are lung-dwelling parasites of anurans and some reptiles. Currently, 93 species are known to exist worldwide. The identification of species is based mainly on morphological traits of hermaphroditic females that generally have a very conserved morphology.

In Silico Molecular Modeling of Four New Afatinib Derived Molecules Targeting the Inhibition of the Mutated Form of BCR-ABL T315I.

Four afatinib derivatives were designed and modeled. These derivatives were compared to the known tyrosine-kinase inhibitors in treating Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, i.e.

n. gen., n. sp. (Nematoda: Cosmocercoidea: Atractidae) parasite of yellow-spotted Amazon river turtle, Troschel (Testudines: Podocnemididae) in Brazilian Amazon.

Nematodes collected from the stomach of the yellow-spotted turtle Troschel, 1848 (Testudinidae) in the Brazilian state of Pará are assigned to a new genus, allocated to the family Atractidae (Cosmocerdoidea). n. gen.

NONO2P, a novel nitric oxide donor, causes vasorelaxation through NO/sGC/PKG pathway, K channels opening and SERCA activation.

Background & Aims: The treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) could greatly benefit from using nitric oxide (NO) donors. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of action of NONO2P that contribute to the observed responses in the mesenteric artery. The hypothesis was that NONO2P would have similar pharmacological actions to sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and NO.

Illicit drugs in Brazil: environmental consequences and consumption patterns.

This article reviews the literature on the consumption, street drug analysis, distribution, and main environmental impacts of illicit drugs in Brazil and analyzes the III National Survey on Drug Use by the Brazilian Population. The literature review is based on articles published in national and international journals between 2018 and 2023. This review consists of two analyses, the first of which addresses publications from the last 6 years on the monitoring of illicit drugs in Brazil and a second analysis based on the III National Survey on Drug Use that addresses the different possibilities of contact with drugs.

Modulation of osteoclastogenesis by macrogeometrically designed hydrophilic dual acid-etched titanium surfaces.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of implant macrodesign and surface hydrophilicity on osteoclast (OC) differentiation, activation, and survival in vitro. Titanium disks were produced with a sandblasted, dual acid-etched surface, with or without additional chemical modification for increasing hydrophilicity (SAE-HD and SAE, respectively) and different macrodesign comprising trapezoidal (HLX) or triangular threads (TMX). This study evaluated 7 groups in total, 4 of which were experimental: HLX/SAE-HD, HLX-SAE, TMX/SAE-HD, and TMX/SAE; and 3 control groups comprising OC differentiated on polystyrene plates (CCPC): a positive CCPC (+), a negative CCPC (-), and a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated assay positive control group, CCPC-LPS.

The Development of Biocomposite Filaments for 3D Printing by Utilizing a Polylactic Acid (PLA) Polymer Matrix Reinforced with Cocoa Husk Cellulose Fibers.

Vegetable fibers are increasingly used in biocomposites, but there is a need for further development in utilizing by-products like cocoa husks. Three-dimensional printing, through Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), is advancing rapidly and may be of great interest for applying biocomposite materials. This study focuses on developing innovative and fully biodegradable filaments for the FFF process.