Vascular anomalies in childhood. Review and update.

Vascular anomalies are changes in vascularization that usually appear in the foetal stage, at birth or in early childhood. They can cause chronic pain, motor impairment, cosmetic changes or coagulopathy and may be fatal in some cases, but in every case they have a negative impact on the quality of life of the child and the family. Up to 150 different subtypes have been described.

Pyogenic granuloma over the venous component of a mixed vascular malformation.

A 52-year-old man presented with a rapidly growing red tumor on the central neckline. It had appeared over a congenital flat and pinkish vascular lesion that involved the shoulder and the upper anterior area of his chest. Intermingled with the pinkish stain, there were also some blue nodules several millimeters in diameter.

Fractional carbon dioxide (CO) laser combined with topical tretinoin for the treatment of different forms of cystic acne.

Nodulocystic acne is prone to scarring and difficult to treat with treatments other than oral isotretinoin. The aim of this article is to discuss the role of a single session of a fractional carbon dioxide (CO) laser combined with a topical treatment with a tretinoin and antibiotic gel for a month as a successful treatment to improve nodulocystic acne and chronic microcystic acne. Two cases were involved: the first with nodulocystic acne lesions that persisted after oral retinoids and the second with chronic microcystic acne resistant to topical treatments.

[Spanish consensus on infantile haemangioma].

Introduction: Infantile haemangiomas are benign tumours produced by the proliferation of endothelial cells of blood vessels, with a high incidence in children under the age of one year (4-10%). It is estimated that 12% of them require treatment. This treatment must be administered according to clinical practice guidelines, expert experience, patient characteristics and parent preferences.

A case of generalized eruptive histiocytosis.

Histiocytoses are a heterogeneous group of diseases, characterized by the accumulation of reactive or neoplastic histiocytes in various tissues. Generalized eruptive histiocytosis belongs to cutaneous non-Langerhans' cell histiocytoses and is a rare, generalized, self-healing disorder that usually follows a benign clinical course. Herein, we report a case of generalized eruptive histiocytosis in a 41-year-old woman with peculiar clinical and histological features.

Treatment of cutaneous and mucosal telangiectases in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: Report of three cases.

Introduction: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) or Rendu-Osler-Weber disease is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by epistaxis, mucocutaneous telangiectases and visceral arteriovenous malformations. Cutaneous telangiectases are the most obvious sign of this disorder and are not a merely cosmetic problem owing to their risk for bleeding, which may constitute an authentic matter of concern to these patients.

Methods: Three patients with type-II HHT disease who presented cutaneous and labial lesions were treated with an intense pulsed light (IPL) system associated with a long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser (Photoderm-Vasculight, Lumenis).

Erythroplasia of Queyrat with urethral involvement: treatment with carbon dioxide laser vaporization.

Background: Erythroplasia of Queyrat is an uncommon carcinoma in situ that usually arises on the mucosa of the glans penis or prepuce as red, shiny, sharply demarcated velvety plaques. The treatment is often difficult and associated with significant recurrence rates, especially in cases with urethral involvement.

Objective: To evaluate carbon dioxide laser treatment in a case of erythroplasia of Queyrat with urethral involvement.