Immunohistochemical Diagnosis of Primary Cardiac Leiomyosarcoma in a Latin American Patient.

Primary cardiac malignancies are rare entities. Although sarcomas enclosed the main group of malignant heart neoplasms, primary cardiac leiomyosarcomas are extremely rare and constitutes less than 8% of cardiac tumors. Leiomyosarcoma usually originates from the pulmonary veins and have a worm-like shaped structure.

[Determination of blood markers and inflammation in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance].

Objective: This study was designed to explore the presence of a prothrombotic state, fibrinolytic dysfunction and inflammation in impaired glucose tolerance subjects, by evaluating serum markers of thrombosis, fibrinolysis and inflammation.

Methods: In 48 consecutive adults, 25 patients with impaired glucose tolerance (nine men and 16 women, 50.0 ± 9.

[Heart failure. Neurohormonal treatment].

Two hypothesis on the cause of heart failure (HF) have been postulated, one of hemodynamic character and another one of neurohormonal nature. According to the second one, HF is consequence of the overactivity of endogenous endocrine systems such as the renin-angiotensin aldosterone or the autonomic system. Angiotensin-II blockage is actually the first option in the medical treatment of HF.

[Therapeutic clinical approach for the elderly patient with hypertension: recommendations for clinical practice].

The incidence of hypertension in the geriatric population is very high and is a significant determinant of cardiovascular risk in this group. The tendency for blood pressure to increase with age in westernized societies such as the United States may depend on environmental factors such as diet, stress, and inactivity. Our population tends to become more obese; to consume relatively greater amounts of sodium and lesser amounts of potassium, calcium, and magnesium; and to decrease exercising with increasing age.

[Extreme elevation of the blood pressure (hypertensive crisis): recommendations for its clinical-therapeutic approach].

From beginnings of last century the hypertensive emergency was defined as the association of acutely elevation from the arterial pressure and the appearance of damage to end organ. At present is recognized the effects of the hypertensive emergency, the aspects of its patophysiology in which are included phenomenon of vasomotricity and the participation of different substances with vasoactives properties. The clinical presentation includes not only the manifestations of the increase of the arterial pressure, the end organ damage too; for this reason the hypertensive emergency needs the immediate reduction of the arterial tension to prevent the damage to specific organs.

[Prevention and treatment of hypertension and coronary heart disease].

The association between arterial systemic hypertension arterial coronary disease has been demonstrated by cumulated evidence of several epidemiological studies. Hypertension is an important independent risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease, vascular cerebral disease and nephropathy. Important advances exist in the knowledge of neurohumoral and hemodynamic factors that come together in the pathophysiology of the hypertension and in the development of coronary disease that allow to establish better strategies not only of treatment, but also of prevention, with the purpose of diminishing the cardiovascular mortality.

[Clinical guidelines for detection, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of systemic arterial hypertension in Mexico (2008)].

The multidisciplinary Institutional Committee of experts in Systemic Arterial Hypertension from the National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez" presents its update (2008) of "Guidelines and Recommendations" for the early detection, control, treatment and prevention of Hypertension. The boarding tries to be simple and realistic for all that physicians whom have to face the hypertensive population in their clinical practice. The information is based in the most recent scientific evidence.

[Cardiovascular risk stratification].

In often cited statistic cardiovascular disease is the number 1 cause of death in the worldwide and not only in the developed world. This represents an aggressive identification and management of risk factors. With the many advances in our understanding and practices of risk factor management we hope to change this tendency predicted to be in 2020 the same.

[Severe right ventricular hypertension secondary to metastatic obstruction due to hepatocarcinoma].

Right ventricular hypertension (RVH) is an entity that could be expected in various cardiopulmonary diseases. Mechanical obstruction to the right ventricle outflow tract is a cause of RVH. We present the case of a 69 year-old male with a history of hepatocarcinoma previously treated.

Prevalance of proteinuria in Mexico: a conjunctive consolidation approach with other cardiovascular risk factors: the Mexican Health Survey 2000.

Background: A number of cross-sectional or serial studies have demonstrated the clinical impact of microproteinuria and macroproteinuria by identifying individuals at risk of both end-stage renal disease and major cardiovascular events. This study focused on the prevalence of proteinuria in Mexico and its relationship with other cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, body mass index, smoking, age, and gender.

Methods: The prevalence of proteinuria in Mexico was obtained from the probabilistic cross-sectional national health survey performed in the year 2000.

[Stratification of coronary risk].

Coronary atheroselerosis constitutes the fifth leading cause of global disease burden and the leading cause in developed societies. Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the, United States, Western industrialized societies; in our country, it has become a real health problem. Compelling epidemiologic and clinical data have demonstrated that elevated total cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, and diabetes mellitus correlate with increasing coronary artery disease mortality.