Genomic diversity and potential transmission and persistence of Salmonella in the Cambodian vegetable supply chain.

S. enterica isolates (n = 78) obtained from the vegetable supply chain (farms, distribution centers, markets) in two Cambodian provinces (Siem Reap, Battambang) were sequenced and analyzed. In silico identification of serotypes and detection of antimicrobial resistance genes was performed using SISTR and ABRicate, respectively.

Prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria species and associated risk factors for contamination of milk and cottage cheese along the value chains in Ethiopia.

This study aimed to comprehensively examine the prevalence of L. monocytogenes and Listeria spp. in dairy products including raw milk, pasteurized milk, and cottage cheese, and identify potential risk factors for contamination throughout the dairy value chain in major milk sheds in Ethiopia.

Evaluation of Methods for Identifying Poultry Wing Rinses With Salmonella Concentrations Greater Than or Equal to 10 CFU/mL.

In the United States, the Proposed Regulatory Framework to Reduce Salmonella Illnesses Attributable to Poultry published by the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) has highlighted the need for simple, rapid methods that identify poultry wing rinse samples harboring Salmonella concentrations ≥10 CFU/mL. One of eight cold-stressed and nutrient-starved Salmonella strains was inoculated into post-chill two-joint poultry wing rinses (48 turkey and 72 chicken) at levels from 0.22 to 3.

Salmonella Prevalence and Quantification in Market Hog Lymph Nodes and Tonsils in Several Regions and Seasons of the United States.

Market hog lymph nodes (LNs) can contaminate carcasses with Salmonella, as well as ground and comminuted pork products. The objective of this study was to perform a qualitative and quantitative analysis of LNs from several regions and seasons in the United States to establish a Salmonella prevalence and concentration baseline. Six types of LNs (axillary, mesenteric, subiliac, tracheobronchial, superficial inguinal, prescapular), and tonsils were sampled from market hog carcasses from different regions (east, central, and west) and seasons (winter, spring, and summer/fall).

Effect of accelerated aging on shelf-stability, product loss, sensory and biochemical characteristics in 2 lower quality beef cuts.

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of accelerated aging (AA) on shelf stability, product loss, sensory and biochemical characteristics of 2 lower quality beef cuts. Triceps brachii (TB) and semimembranosus (SM) were collected and fabricated from 10 USDA Choice beef carcasses and assigned to 1 of 6 treatments: 3 d cooler aged (control), 21 d cooler aged, AA 49 °C for 2 h, AA 49 °C for 3 h, AA 54 °C for 2 h, and AA 54 °C for 3 h. The results showed that AA can decrease APC counts on steak surface and in purge and redness, but increase lightness and product loss of the steaks (P < 0.

Hygienic status of beef butcher shop facilities and antibiotic resistance profile of Salmonella enterica in Ethiopia.

The microbiological quality of meat is influenced by the conditions of hygiene prevailing during production and handling. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of Salmonella enterica and its antimicrobial resistance, load of hygiene indicator bacteria including E. coli (ECC), coliforms (CC), total coliform (TCC), Enterobacteriaceae (EB) and aerobic plate count (APC), and meat handler's food safety knowledge and hygiene practices in butcher shops in two cities, Addis Ababa and Hawassa in Ethiopia, during 2020 and 2021.

Seasonal Comparison of Microbial Hygiene Indicators in Raw and Pasteurized Milk and Cottage Cheese Collected across Dairy Value Chain in Three Regions of Ethiopia.

A longitudinal design with a simple random sampling method was used to collect and compare microbial hygiene levels between the dry season (January to April) and wet season (June to August). A total of 456 milk and cottage cheese samples were collected from each site along the dairy value chain from three regions. Enumeration of total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (APC), total coliforms (TCC), and Escherichia coli (EC) was performed according to standard methods.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Antimicrobial and Heavy Metal Tolerance in Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli Isolates from Swine Feed Mills.

Antimicrobials and heavy metals are commonly used in the animal feed industry. The role of in-feed antimicrobials on the evolution and persistence of resistance in enteric bacteria is not well described. Whole-Genome Sequencing (WGS) is widely used for genetic characterizations of bacterial isolates, including antimicrobial resistance, heavy metal tolerance, virulence factors, and relatedness to other sequenced isolates.

Prevalence and associated risk factors for contamination of cow milk and cottage cheese in Ethiopia.

Animal sourced foods, such as dairy products, are common sources of , a foodborne pathogen of increasing global concern, particularly in developing countries. In Ethiopia, most data on the prevalence of in dairy products is highly varied and limited to a specific region or district. Furthermore, there is no data available on the risk factors for contamination of cow milk and cottage cheese in Ethiopia.

Prevalence of Campylobacter species and associated risk factors for contamination of dairy products collected in a dry season from major milk sheds in Ethiopia.

A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for contamination of Ethiopian dairy products with Campylobacter. A total of 912 dairy food samples were collected from establishments of 682 study participants that were interviewed. Samples were tested for Campylobacter by following the ISO 10272-1:2017 standard and PCR confirmation.

Effects of pigeon pea leaves and concentrate mixture on feed intake, milk yield, and composition of crossbred dairy cows fed native pasture hay.

Protein supplements are expensive and not easily accessible under small-scale livestock production systems in Ethiopia and other developing countries, which necessitates investigating the alternative protein sources for cost-effective livestock production. Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp) leaves (PPLs) are rich in protein and are well-suited for feeding small ruminants; however, the effect of inclusion of PPL in the concentrate mixture (CM) on the performance of dairy cows was not well documented.

A case report of serovar Corvallis from environmental isolates from Cambodia and clinical isolates in the UK.

subspecies serovar Corvallis (. Corvallis) has been identified as a human pathogen and as a food contaminant. Diarrhoeal disease is a common diagnosis in tourists visiting Southeast Asia, often with unknown aetiology.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles in Non-typhoidal Strains Isolated From Cambodian Informal Markets.

Non-typhoidal is a pathogen of global importance, particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). The presence of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) strains in market environments poses a serious health threat to consumers. In this study we identified and characterized the genotypic and phenotypic AMR profiles of 81 environmental strains isolated from samples from informal markets in Cambodia in 2018-2019.

Effects of moisture and temperature on survivability in beef tallow, white grease, and chicken rendered fat.

High moisture levels introduced to fats after the rendering process can lead to presence and growth. Limited research on strategies to eliminate pathogens in these environments are available. Rendered fat characteristics, such as water activity and fatty acids composition, may contribute to survivability.

Prevalence of Salmonella enterica Isolated from Food Contact and Nonfood Contact Surfaces in Cambodian Informal Markets.

Abstract: The lack of hygiene and sanitation practices and insufficient infrastructure in Cambodian informal markets may increase the risk of food contamination, specifically raw vegetables, which in turn may increase the chances of contracting a foodborne disease. The aims of this study in informal markets in Cambodia were (i) to quantify the prevalence of Salmonella enterica based upon differences in season of the year (rainy versus dry), surface types (food contact surfaces versus nonfood contact surfaces), and location of vendors within the market (inside versus outside) and (ii) to characterize S. enterica serotype prevalence.

Investigating Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Coliforms on Fresh Vegetables Sold in Informal Markets in Cambodia†.

Abstract: Vegetables in Cambodia are commonly sold in informal markets lacking food safety standards and controls. Current data on microbial contamination of vegetables in Cambodian informal markets are limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate Salmonella enterica and indicator organisms (Escherichia coli and coliforms) on the surface of fresh vegetables sold in informal markets in Cambodia.

Review of the prevalence of foodborne pathogens in milk and dairy products in Ethiopia.

Food safety is a significant barrier to social and economic development throughout the world, particularly in developing countries. Here, we reviewed the prevalence of major bacterial foodborne pathogens ( spp., , O157:H7 and spp.

The use of a CDC biofilm reactor to grow multi-strain Listeria monocytogenes biofilm.

Listeria monocytogenes is one of the most concerning pathogens for the food industry due to its ability to form biofilms, particularly in difficult-to-clean sites of processing facilities. There is a current industry-wide lack of data to refer to when selecting a strategy to control L. monocytogenes biofilms in the food premises.

Draft Genome Sequences of 81 Salmonella enterica Strains from Informal Markets in Cambodia.

is an important global pathogen due to its contribution to human morbidity and death. The presence of in Southeast Asian informal markets is amplified by cross-contamination between market surfaces and food products. Here, we describe the draft genome sequences of 81 isolates from informal markets in Cambodia.

Evaluation of marbling and enhancement's abilities to compensate for reduced beef palatability at elevated degrees of doneness.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the extent marbling compensates for reduced beef palatability at elevated degrees of doneness and to determine the relationship of residual moisture and fat in cooked steaks to beef palatability, specifically beef juiciness. Paired strip loins (IMPS # 180) were collected to equally represent five quality treatments [Prime, Top Choice (modest and moderate marbling), Low Choice, Select, and Select Enhanced (110% of raw weight)]. Steaks were grouped into sets of three consecutively cut steaks and randomly assigned a degree of doneness (DOD): very-rare (VR; 55 °C), rare (R; 60 °C), medium-rare (MR; 63 °C), medium (M; 71 °C), well done (WD; 77 °C), or very well done (VWD; 82 °C).

Salmonella and Campylobacter baseline in retail ground beef and whole-muscle cuts purchased during 2010 in the United States.

Salmonella enterica and Campylobacter spp. cause a considerable number of human illnesses each year, and the vast majority of cases are foodborne. The purpose of this study was to establish the baseline of Salmonella and Campylobacter in beef products purchased from U.