Goggle Versus Remote-Camera Video Head Impulse Test Device Comparison.

Objectives: This study compared remote versus goggle video head impulse testing (vHIT) outcomes to validate remote-camera vHIT, which is gaining popularity in difficult to test populations.

Design: Seventeen controls and 10 individuals with vestibular dysfunction participated. Each participant completed remote-camera and goggle vHIT.

Clinical Utility of Remote Camera Video Head Impulse Testing Children Less Than 3 Years.

The purpose of this case report is to highlight both the feasibility and clinical utility of remote camera video head impulse testing (vHIT) in children <3 years. Five cases are described where remote camera vHIT was used to quantify ear specific semicircular function in children at risk for vestibular dysfunction. Remote camera vHIT is a helpful clinical tool for quantifying ear specific semicircular function in children between 6 and 31 months.

Electrode Montage for Bilateral Cervical Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potential Testing.

Background:  Cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) are predominantly ipsilateral, myogenic responses originating from saccular activation. Some individuals have contralateral-crossed cVEMP responses with monaural air-conducted stimulation (ACS) which can contaminate cVEMP responses with bilateral stimulation. While the origin of the contralateral-crossed response is under debate, its presence has implications for cVEMP testing with midline bone conduction vibration (BCV).

The effects of vestibular dysfunction on balance and self-concept in children with cochlear implants.

Objectives: Children with cochlear implants (CCI) have an increased rate of vestibular dysfunction. Vestibular dysfunction is associated with decreased balance and dynamic visual acuity ability. Hearing loss alone is associated with reduced speech perception and vocabulary in children.

Effect of Real-Ear Adjusted Stimuli on Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential Variability in Children and Young Adults.

Objectives: There is large variability in cervical and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (c- and oVEMP) amplitudes. One potential source of variability is differences in ear canal shape and size. Real ear-to-coupler difference (RECD) values are used to measure the acoustic environment of an individual's ear canal.

Stability of Vestibular Testing in Children With Hearing Loss.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stability of rotary chair, video head impulse test (vHIT), and vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) responses in children with normal hearing (NH) and children with cochlear implants (CIs).

Method: Retrospective analysis of 66 children (33 males, = 11.4 years, range: 3-18 years) seen in a tertiary clinic and/or research laboratory who completed rotary chair, VEMP, and vHIT across two test sessions between 2012 and 2019.

Using Functional Outcomes to Predict Vestibular Loss in Children.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) the relationship between vestibular loss severity and functional performance, (2) which functional performance outcomes best predict vestibular loss, and (3) which vestibular rate sensors (canals vs. otoliths) provide the most weighting during different functional measures.

Study Design: Prospective.

The Dizzy Child.

Dizziness occurs in children with an estimated prevalence of 0.45% to 15.0%.

Age Effects of Bone Conduction Vibration Vestibular-evoked Myogenic Potentials (VEMPs) Using B81 and Impulse Hammer Stimuli.

Objective: Recently developed, the Radioear B81 bone oscillator allows for higher bone conduction vibration output; however, normative data are lacking regarding its use in vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) testing. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of age on cervical and ocular VEMP (c- and oVEMP) responses using the B81 and to compare with air conduction stimuli (ACS) and impulse hammer (IH) VEMP response characteristics.

Design: c- and oVEMP were completed with ACS, B81, and IH stimuli in healthy participants (age range = 10 to 87 years, n = 85).

The Relationship Between Rotary Chair and Video Head Impulse Testing in Children and Young Adults With Cochlear Implants.

Purpose Conflicts among video head impulse testing (vHIT) and rotary chair have occurred; therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between rotary chair and vHIT outcome parameters to understand when these two tests disagree and determine if one or both test outcomes are needed in children. Method Data from 141 child and young adult subjects (73 males, 68 females, = 15 years, range: 6-35) were retrospectively reviewed. Of those, 56 had a cochlear implant and 85 were normal controls.

Bone Conduction Vibration Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential (VEMP) Testing: Reliability in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults.

Objectives: Bone conduction vibration (BCV) vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) are clinically desirable in children for multiple reasons. However, no accepted standard exists for stimulus type and the reliability of BCV devices has not been investigated in children. The objective of the current study was to determine which BCV VEMP method (B-71, impulse hammer, or Mini-shaker) yields the highest response rates and reliability in a group of adults, adolescents, and children.

Effect of Gaze Angle During the Vertical Video Head Impulse Test Across Two Devices in Healthy Adults and Subjects With Vestibular Loss.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of gaze angle on vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain using two different video head impulse (vHIT) devices in healthy adults and subjects with bilateral vestibular loss (BVL).

Study Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Hospital research laboratory.

Effect of Cochlear Implantation on Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials and Wideband Acoustic Immittance.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine if absent air conduction stimuli vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) responses found in ears after cochlear implantation can be the result of alterations in peripheral auditory mechanics rather than vestibular loss. Peripheral mechanical changes were investigated by comparing the response rates of air and bone conduction VEMPs as well as by measuring and evaluating wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) responses in ears with cochlear implants and normal-hearing control ears. The hypothesis was that the presence of a cochlear implant can lead to an air-bone gap, causing absent air conduction stimuli VEMP responses, but present bone conduction vibration VEMP responses (indicating normal vestibular function), with changes in WAI as compared with ears with normal hearing.

Clinical Utility of Oculomotor and Electrophysiological Measures in Identifying Concussion History.

Objective: To examine whether oculomotor and electrophysiological measures improve the clinical performance of the typical concussion protocol for classifying collegiate athletes with a history of concussion.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: University Athletic Medicine and Research Facility.

Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT): The Role of Corrective Saccades in Identifying Patients With Vestibular Loss.

Objective: 1) Characterize corrective saccades (CS) in normal controls, and 2) examine the sensitivity of the video head impulse test (vHIT) for identifying vestibular loss using both gain and CS.

Study Design: Prospective combined with retrospective review.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Effects of Device on Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) Gain.

Background: Numerous video head impulse test (vHIT) devices are available commercially; however, gain is not calculated uniformly. An evaluation of these devices/algorithms in healthy controls and patients with vestibular loss is necessary for comparing and synthesizing work that utilizes different devices and gain calculations.

Purpose: Using three commercially available vHIT devices/algorithms, the purpose of the present study was to compare: (1) horizontal canal vHIT gain among devices/algorithms in normal control subjects; (2) the effects of age on vHIT gain for each device/algorithm in normal control subjects; and (3) the clinical performance of horizontal canal vHIT gain between devices/algorithms for differentiating normal versus abnormal vestibular function.

Examining Effects of Physical Exertion on the Dynamic Visual Acuity Test in Collegiate Athletes.

Background: Acute symptoms of dizziness and/or imbalance commonly experienced in athletes postconcussion are speculated to arise from dysfunction at multiple levels (i.e., inner ear or central vestibular system) to appropriately integrate afferent sensory information.

Modified head shake sensory organization test: Sensitivity and specificity.

The Sensory Organization Test (SOT) of Computerized Dynamic Posturography (EquiTest™ equipment) is a valuable tool for investigating how an individual uses balance system sensory input (vestibular, vision, proprioception/somatosensory) to maintain quiet stance; however, it is limited as a screening tool for identifying peripheral vestibular system dysfunction. Previous research has shown that adding horizontal head-shake to portions of the standard SOT battery improved the identification of peripheral vestibular system asymmetry; however, flaws in the methods were noted. The objective of this work was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the modified head-shake SOT (HS-SOT) protocol for identification of peripheral vestibular system lesion.

Effects of Hand Placement Technique on the Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) in Younger and Older Adults.

Objective: To investigate the effects of hand placement techniques on the video head impulse test (vHIT) responses (i.e., gain, velocity) in older and younger adults and to determine intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the horizontal vHIT.

Survey of audiologists' views on risk of falling assessment in the clinic.

Background: Falls are a significant health problem for older adults. With the projected increase in persons aged 65 yr and older by the year 2050, this continues to be a growing concern. Risk of falling (RoF) assessment is a multifactorial approach.

Gaze Stabilization Test Asymmetry Score as an Indicator of Previous Concussion in a Cohort of Collegiate Football Players.

Objective: Vestibular dysfunction may lead to decreased visual acuity with head movements, which may impede athletic performance and result in injury. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that athletes with history of concussion would have differences in gaze stabilization test (GST) as compared with those without a history of concussion.

Design: Cross-sectional, descriptive.

Examining postconcussion symptoms of dizziness and imbalance on neurocognitive performance in collegiate football players.

Objective: This study examined the effects of symptom reports of dizziness and imbalance on cognitive function in concussed collegiate football players.

Design: Retrospective, descriptive.

Setting: University athletic medicine facility.