Cardiometabolic factors and vitamin D deficiency in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Up to 80% of patients with CKD may exhibit inadequate vitamin D (VD) levels, which have been linked to the presence of cardiometabolic factors (CFs) in the adult population. However, research on this association in the pediatric population is limited.

Liver enzyme levels in adolescents with obesity and insulin resistance: a propensity score matching analysis.

Background: Elevated liver enzyme levels have been associated with metabolic syndrome in both obese and non-obese pediatric populations. This study aims to compare the serum liver enzyme levels in obese adolescents with and without insulin resistance (IR).

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted involving obese adolescents aged 10-18.

Factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in health care workers exposed to SARS-CoV-2: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Globally, up to 76.6% of the population may be affected by vitamin D (VD) deficiency, which has been linked to increased morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. This underscores the importance of further research into VD supplementation, particularly for health care workers, who are at higher risk due to indoor work environments and dietary challenges associated with shift schedules.

[Comparison of serum uric acid and liver enzyme levels in adolescents with obesity and with metabolic syndrome].

Introduction: a relationship has been observed between elevated levels of liver enzymes and uric acid with the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in the pediatric population. Objective: to compare serum liver enzyme and uric acid levels between adolescents with and without MS. Methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out in adolescents with obesity between 10 and 18 years old.

Vitamin D levels in the pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic periods in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease.

Introduction: Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is common in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) because of multiple factors. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it increased because of medicine shortage and no enough medical service for patients with non-COVID-19 diseases.

Objective: To analyze the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic-related lockdown on the serum levels and status of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-[OH]D) in children with CKD.

Effectiveness of pancreatic stent placement in pediatric patients with acute recurrent and chronic pancreatitis.

Background: The use of pancreatic prostheses in children with acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) has evolved. The main established indication is the treatment of persistent abdominal pain. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of pancreatic stenting for refractory abdominal pain in pediatric patients with ARP and CP.

[Correlation of uric acid with carotid intima media thickness in obese adolescents].

Introduction: obesity in the pediatric population is a public health problem. The correlation of uric acid and carotid intima media thickness in adults has been demonstrated. Objective: to identify the correlation of uric acid and carotid intima media thickness in adolescents with obesity.

Leptin/adiponectin ratio as a prognostic factor for increased weight gain in girls with central precocious puberty.

Objective: To determine if the leptin, adiponectin, and leptin/adiponectin ratio (LAR) can predict weight gain at the end of GnRH analogs (GnRHa) treatment in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP).

Material And Methods: Study design: prospective cohort. Serum levels of leptin and adiponectin were determined at diagnosis of CPP.

Adipokines as predictive factor of cardiac function in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Adipokines are associated with cardiovascular disease; in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients adipokines could be useful prognostic factors.

Objectives: To explore whether leptin and adiponectin in kidney replacement therapy (KRT) children could have a role on their cardiac function, in the long-term.

Design: Prospective cohort study was performed with pediatric KRT patients, aged 8 to 17 years who were undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

Factors associated with blood product requirements during the transoperative period in pediatric patients.

Background: The efficiency of blood products (BP) requisition in elective non-cardiac surgeries is inherently complex. Moreover, it is aggravated in the pediatric population. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with using less than the requested BP during the transoperative period in pediatric patients undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery.

Impact of an educational intervention on the knowledge of testicular self-examination and attitudes toward it.

Introduction: There is evidence that the percentage of adolescents that practice testicular self-examination is low.

Objective: To assess the short-term and long-term (6 months) impact in male adolescents of an educational intervention on the knowledge of testicular self-examination and attitude toward it.

Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test study in male adolescents.

Leptin receptor and prolactin in pubertal disorders and chronic kidney disease.

Background: Knowledge of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with pubertal disorders (PD) in adolescent boys is limited as few studies have explored this disorder. This study aimed to identify the usefulness of assessing hormonal parameters in male adolescents with CKD and their correlation with PD in a 12-month follow-up period.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among male adolescents with CKD (stages IV and V).

The leptin/adiponectin ratio as prognostic marker for dyslipidemia during 1 year of follow-up in pediatric patients receiving kidney replacement therapy.

Background: leptin and adiponectin are associated with cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and could be useful prognostic factors. Objectives. to explore the usefulness of the leptin/adiponectin ratio (LAR) to predict the presence or worsening of dyslipidemia during 1 year of follow-up in children receiving kidney replacement therapy (KRT).

Efficacy and Safety of Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent COVID-19 in Frontline Healthcare Workers. A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Associations between vitamin D (VD) deficiency and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been documented in cross-sectional population studies. Intervention studies in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 have failed to consistently document a beneficial effect.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of VD-supplementation in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in highly exposed individuals.

[Usefulness of a nutritional strategy on dyslipidemia in pediatric patients with terminal chronic kidney disease].

Background and objective: in chronic kidney disease (CKD) there are several factors that increase the presence of dyslipidemia. The aim of this study was to identify the usefulness of a nutritional intervention, in children with terminal CKD, on dyslipidemia 6 months after intervention start. Materials and methods: a quasi-experiment study (before and after) was performed.

25-Hydroxyvitamin D level is associated with mortality in patients with critical COVID-19: a prospective observational study in Mexico City.

Background/objectives: Considering the high number of deaths from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Latin American countries, together with multiple factors that increase the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, we aimed to determine 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and its association with mortality in patients with critical COVID-19.

Subjects/methods: This was a prospective observational study including adult patients with critical COVID-19. Data, including clinical characteristics and 25(OH)D levels measured at the time of intensive care unit admission, were collected.

[Main biases in clinical research].

In developing a research protocol, authors must consider the possible errors that may occur throughout the study. In clinical research, two types of biases are recognized: random errors and systematic errors; the latter are called biases. To date, dozens of biases have been described, which is why the purpose of this article is to describe the main biases that can occur in clinical research studies, as well as strategies to avoid them or to minimize their effects.

Screening for COVID-19 in Children Undergoing Elective Invasive Procedures.

Objective: To report the frequency of asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 in pediatric patients undergoing invasive medical procedures in a tertiary pediatric hospital.

Methods: From June to October 2020, a SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) test was performed for all pediatric patients scheduled to undergo an elective invasive procedure. None of the patients was symptomatic.

Altered cardiometabolic profile in girls with central precocious puberty and adipokines: A propensity score matching analysis.

Objective: To compare cardiometabolic factors and adipokines between patients with recently diagnosed CPP and controls without CPP, paired by BMI Z scores (BMIz) and classified into girls with adequate nutritional status and girls who are overweight or obese.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed from January 2012 to May 2015 at two tertiary care pediatric centers in Mexico City. We included female patients with idiopathic CPP without other chronic pathology and healthy controls.

Cardiometabolic Factors in Pediatric Patients with Chronic Diseases.

Background: The prevalence of chronic diseases (CDs) in the pediatric population has increased due to technological advances that decrease mortality and increase survival.

Aim Of The Study: To compare the frequency of cardiometabolic factors (CFs) among pediatric patients with CDs with those among children with obesity and overweight without CDs.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study.

[Thyroid dysfunction due to 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine in patients with neuroblastoma].

Introduction: The treatment of advanced neuroblastoma includes chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy with 131-I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (131-I-MIBG). Despite strategies to protect thyroid function, its dysfunction is reported between 12 and 85%.

Objective: To identify the frequency of thyroid dys function in cases of neuroblastoma treated with 131-I-MIBG.

Monitoring during the treatment of precocious puberty: Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of precocious puberty.

The Mexican Society of Pediatric Endocrinology developed a clinical practice guide for the diagnosis and treatment of precocious puberty. This document presents recommendations related to the monitorization of the treatment and follow-up of patients with central precocious puberty. The detailed description of the methodology for the development of this guide and the grading system, as well as the synthesis of the evidence on which it is based, can be consulted in this same supplement.

Synthesis of the evidence: Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of precocious puberty.

Three systematic reviews were conducted to formulate the recommendations on diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with precocious puberty: interventions for the treatment of precocious puberty that included the outcomes of final or near-final height, mental health, metabolic health, health bone, or blockade success; comparative observational studies evaluating long-term outcomes in subjects with a history of precocious puberty; and diagnostic test accuracy studies for puberty.

Diagnosis of secondary causes of precocious puberty: Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of precocious puberty.

The Mexican Society of Pediatric Endocrinology developed a clinical practice guide for the diagnosis and treatment of precocious puberty. This document presents recommendations related to the diagnosis of secondary causes of central PP. The detailed description of the methodology for the development of this guide and the grading system, as well as the synthesis of the evidence on which it is based can be consulted in this same supplement.