Diselenoamino acid derivatives as GPx mimics and as substrates of TrxR: in vitro and in silico studies.

Excessive production of reactive species in living cells usually has pathological effects. Consequently, the synthesis of compounds which can mimic the activity of antioxidant enzymes has inspired great interest. In this study, a variety of diselenoamino acid derivatives from phenylalanine and valine were tested to determine whether they could be functional mimics of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and substrates for liver thioredoxin reductase (TrxR).

Protective effect of (-)-α-bisabolol on rotenone-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster.

(-)-α-Bisabolol (BISA) is a sesquiterpene alcohol, which has several recognized biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-irritant, and antibacterial properties. In the present study, we investigated the influence of BISA (5, 25, and 250 μmol/L) on rotenone (500 μmol/L)-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster for 7 days. BISA supplementation significantly decreased rotenone-induced mortality and locomotor deficits.

Harpagophytum Procumbens Ethyl Acetate Fraction Reduces Fluphenazine-Induced Vacuous Chewing Movements and Oxidative Stress in Rat Brain.

Long-term treatment with fluphenazine is associated with manifestation of extrapyramidal side effects, such as tardive dyskinesia. The molecular mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of TD remain unclear, and several hypotheses, including a role for oxidative stress, have been proposed. Harpagophytum procumbens is an herbal medicine used mainly due to anti-inflammatory effects, but it also exhibits antioxidant effects.

Copper and selenium: auxiliary measure to control infection by Haemonchus contortus in lambs.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of selenium and copper on oxidative stress and its performance in lambs experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus. Twenty-eight five-months old lambs were experimentally infected by the oral route with 5000 third-stage infective larvae and allocated into four groups, i.e.

Effects of diphenyl diselenide on methylmercury toxicity in rats.

This study investigates the efficacy of diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)2] in attenuating methylmercury- (MeHg-)induced toxicity in rats. Adult rats were treated with MeHg [5 mg/kg/day, intragastrically (i.g.

Diphenyl diselenide supplemented diet reduces depressive-like behavior in hypothyroid female rats.

Hypothyroidism has been associated to psychiatric disorder development and tissue oxidative damage. In this study, we evaluated the effect of diphenyl diselenide supplementation on depressive-like behavior triggered by methimazole exposure in female rats. Additionally, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and non-protein thiol (NP-SH) levels were analyzed in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum structures of rats.

Valeriana officinalis attenuates the rotenone-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster.

In this study, we investigated the potential protective effects of Valeriana officinalis (V. officinalis) against the toxicity induced by rotenone in Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster).

Resveratrol reduces vacuous chewing movements induced by acute treatment with fluphenazine.

Treatment with classical neuroleptics in humans can produce a serious side effect, known as tardive dyskinesia (TD). Here, we examined the possible neuroprotective effects of resveratrol, a polyphenol compound contained in red grapes and red wine, in an animal model of orofacial dyskinesia (OD) induced by acute treatment with fluphenazine. Adult male rats were treated during 3 weeks with fluphenazine enantate (25 mg/kg, i.

Valeriana officinalis ameliorates vacuous chewing movements induced by reserpine in rats.

Oral movements are associated with important neuropathologies as Parkinson's disease and tardive dyskinesia. However, until this time, there has been no known efficacious treatment, without side effects, for these disorders. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the possible preventive effects of V.

In vivo and in vitro inhibition of mice thioredoxin reductase by methylmercury.

The thioredoxin (Trx) system, involving redox active Trxs and thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs), sustain a number of important Trx-dependent pathways. These redox active proteins support several processes crucial for cell function, cell proliferation, antioxidant defense, and redox-regulated signaling cascades. Methylmercury (MeHg) is an important environmental toxicant that has a high affinity for thiol groups and can cause oxidative stress.

Evaluation of the biological effects of (S)-dimethyl 2-(3-(phenyltellanyl) propanamido) succinate, a new telluroamino acid derivative of aspartic acid.

(S)-dimethyl 2-(3-(phenyltellanyl) propanamido) succinate, a new telluroamino acid derivative, showed remarkable glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity, attesting to its antioxidant potential. However, the stability and toxicity of this compound has not yet been investigated. The present study was designed to investigate the pharmacological/toxicological properties of this compound in vitro and in vivo.

In vitro antioxidant activity of Valeriana officinalis against different neurotoxic agents.

Valeriana officinalis L. (Valerian) is widely used as a traditional medicine to improve the quality of sleep. Although V.

Synthesis of telluroamino acid derivatives with remarkable GPx like activity.

A series of modular telluroamino acid derivatives with remarkable GPx-like behavior was prepared in an efficient and short two-step synthesis.