Influence of foetal position on the degree of isolated antenatal hydronephrosis.

Backgrounds: The effect of foetal position on the degree of antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH) is unknown. We hypothesized that foetal position is an important contextual factor in ANH, with consequences on prenatal counselling and postnatal management. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of foetal position on the degree of ANH.

The quality of vital signs measurements and value preferences in electronic medical records varies by hospital, specialty, and patient demographics.

We aimed to assess the frequency of value preferences in recording of vital signs in electronic healthcare records (EHRs) and associated patient and hospital factors. We used EHR data from Oxford University Hospitals, UK, between 01-January-2016 and 30-June-2019 and a maximum likelihood estimator to determine the prevalence of value preferences in measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), heart rate (HR) (readings ending in zero), respiratory rate (multiples of 2 or 4), and temperature (readings of 36.0 °C).

Normal sonographic renal length measurements in an Australian pediatric population.

Background: Reference charts depicting normal growth are important for the sonographic assessment of the pediatric kidney. Limited charts are available for clinical use in an Australian population.

Objective: To retrospectively collate sonographic renal length measurements in a cohort of low-risk Australian children aged newborn to 16 years to produce a reference table and comparison with other published charts.

A Pilot Investigation of Individual and Dyad Instructional Arrangements.

An essential goal for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is to reach maximal independence on a variety of tasks that facilitate academic and vocational engagement and community integration. One-to-one instructional arrangements do not adequately prepare individuals with autism to function within various group contexts and limit opportunities for positive social interactions with one or more peers. Furthermore, group instructional formats have multiple benefits, including potentially increased instructional time and additional learning opportunities.

Lateral trunk lean in pitchers affects both ball velocity and upper extremity joint moments.

Background: The incidence of upper extremity injuries in baseball pitchers is increasing. Over the past decade there has been a great deal of research attempting to elucidate the cause of these injuries, focusing mainly on the mechanics of the pitching arm with no examination of other key segments, such as the trunk. This is surprising, as coaches will often comment on trunk position in an effort to improve pitching outcomes.

Evaluation of wrist and forearm motion in college-aged baseball pitchers.

Current pitching literature focuses primarily on the elbow and glenohumeral joints. This has led to a paucity of information regarding the forearm and wrist, and the limited data available are inconsistent. Therefore, this article seeks to provide a comprehensive description of the kinematics and kinetics of the wrist and forearm for the fastball, curveball, slider/cutter, and change-up for college-level baseball pitchers.

Electrochemical evidence for intermolecular proton-coupled electron transfer through a hydrogen bond complex in a p-phenylenediamine-based urea. Introduction of the "wedge scheme" as a useful means to describe reactions of this type.

The electrochemistry of several p-phenylenediamine derivatives, in which one of the amino groups is part of an urea functional group, has been investigated in methylene chloride and acetonitrile. The ureas are abbreviated U(R)R', where R' indicates the substituent on the N that is part of the phenylenediamine redox couple and R indicates the substituent on the other urea N. Cyclic voltammetry and UV-vis spectroelectrochemical studies indicate that U(Me)H and U(H)H undergo an apparent 1e(-) oxidation that actually corresponds to 2e(-) oxidation of half the ureas to a quinoidal-diimine cation, U(R)(+).

The Effect of H-bonding and Proton Transfer on the Voltammetry of 2,3,5,6-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine in Acetonitrile. An Unexpectedly Complex Mechanism for a Simple Redox Couple.

The voltammetry of 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine, HPD, has been studied and compared to that of its isomer N,N,N'N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine, MePD. Both undergo two reversible electron transfer processes in acetonitrile that nominally correspond to 1e- oxidation to the radical cations, MePD and HPD, and a second 1e- oxidation at more positive potentials to the quinonediimine dications, MePD and HPD. While the voltammetry of MePD agrees with this simple mechanism, that of HPD does not.

Electrochemically controlled hydrogen bonding. Electrolyte effects in an oxidation-based arylurea-amide system.

Oxidation of a dimethylaminophenyl-substituted urea leads to a > 2000-fold increase in binding strength between the urea and a diamide guest in 0.1 M NBu4B(C6F5)4/CH2Cl2. The strength of this interaction is obscured when NBu4ClO4 or NBu4PF6 is used as the electrolyte due to competition between the neutral guest and the electrolyte anion for H-bonding to the urea cation.

Fatality due to amisulpride toxicity: a case report.

Amisulpride is an atypical antipsychotic agent effective in the treatment of schizophrenia. There are few cases in the literature relating to the toxicity of this agent and reported fatalities are rare. Drug induced prolongation of the QT interval of the electrocardiograph (ECG) is increasingly recognised with various classes of drugs and in particular with antipsychotics.

Electrochemically controlled hydrogen bonding. Nitrobenzenes as simple redox-dependent receptors for arylureas.

Reduction of nitrobenzene derivatives in the presence of arylureas in aprotic solvents results in large positive shifts in potential of the nitrobenzene(0/)(-) cyclic voltammetry wave with little change in wave shape. This behavior is indicative of reversible hydrogen bonding between nitrobenzene radical anions and arylureas. Computer fitting of the cyclic voltammetry of 4-nitroaniline, NA, plus 1,3-diphenylurea in DMF shows essentially no binding between urea and NA in the oxidized state (K(ox) < 1 M(-)(1)), but very strong binding in the reduced state (K(red) = 8 x 10(4) M(-)(1)), along with very rapid rates of hydrogen bond formation (k(f)'s approximately 10(8)-10(10) M(-)(1) s(-)(1)), making this system a fast on/off redox switch.