Comparison of outcomes between intracytoplasmic sperm injection and in vitro fertilization inseminations with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy, analysis of Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System data.

Objective: To evaluate whether insemination via intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) provides any benefit over in vitro fertilization (IVF) insemination for nonmale factor infertility with respect to preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) results and pregnancy outcome.

Design: Retrospective cohort study of the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology database.

Settings: US-based fertility clinics reporting to the Society for Assisted Reprodcutive Technology.

Serum Gonadotropin Levels Predict Post-Trigger Luteinizing Hormone Response in Antagonist Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation Cycles.

The objective of this study was to investigate the utility of using serum gonadotropin levels to predict optimal luteinizing hormone (LH) response to gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) trigger. A retrospective cohort study was performed of all GnRH-antagonist controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) cycles at an academic fertility center from 2017-2020. Cycles that utilized GnRHa alone or in combination with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for trigger were included.

Application of telemedicine video visits in a maternal-fetal medicine practice at the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Telemedicine in obstetrics has mostly been described in the rural areas that have limited access to subspecialties. During the COVID-19 pandemic, health systems rapidly expanded telemedicine services for urgent and nonurgent healthcare delivery, even in urban settings. The New York University health system implemented a prompt systemwide expansion of video-enabled telemedicine visits, increasing telemedicine to >8000 visits daily within 6 weeks of the beginning of the pandemic.

Universal SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction screening and assisted reproductive technology in a coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic epicenter: screening and cycle outcomes from a New York City fertility center.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and efficacy of a universal screening program in patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation (COS).

Design: Single-center retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Academic fertility center in an epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Prenatal Hyperglycemia Exposure and Cellular Stress, a Sugar-Coated View of Early Programming of Metabolic Diseases.

Worldwide, the number of people with diabetes has quadrupled since 1980 reaching 422 million in 2014 (World Health Organization). This distressing rise in diabetes also affects pregnant women and thus, in regard to early programming of adult diseases, creates a vicious cycle of metabolic dysfunction passed from one generation to another. Metabolic diseases are complex and caused by the interplay between genetic and environmental factors.

Intrauterine Hyperglycemia Is Associated with an Impaired Postnatal Response to Oxidative Damage.

Hyperglycemia and other adverse exposures early in life that reprogram stem cells may lead to long-lasting phenotypic influences over the lifetime of an individual. Hyperglycemia and oxidative stress cause DNA damage when they exceed the protective capabilities of the cell, in turn affecting cellular function. DNA damage in response to hyperglycemia and oxidative stress was studied in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) from large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (LGA-GDM) and control subjects.

A polycomb-mediated epigenetic field defect precedes invasive cervical carcinoma.

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical carcinoma is preceded by stages of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) that can variably progress to malignancy. Understanding the different molecular processes involved in the progression of pre-malignant CIN is critical to the development of improved predictive and interventional capabilities. We tested the role of regulators of transcription in both the development and the progression of HPV-associated CIN, performing the most comprehensive genomic survey to date of DNA methylation in HPV-associated cervical neoplasia, testing ~2 million loci throughout the human genome in biopsies from 78 HPV+ women, identifying changes starting in early CIN and maintained through carcinogenesis.

Advanced aging phenotype is revealed by epigenetic modifications in rat liver after in utero malnutrition.

Adverse environmental exposures of mothers during fetal period predispose offspring to a range of age-related diseases earlier in life. Here, we set to determine whether a deregulated epigenetic pattern is similar in young animals whose mothers' nutrition was modulated during fetal growth to that acquired during normal aging in animals. Using a rodent model of maternal undernutrition (UN) or overnutrition (ON), we examined cytosine methylation profiles of liver from young female offspring and compared them to age-matched young controls and aged (20-month-old) animals.

Sexual dimorphism in epigenomic responses of stem cells to extreme fetal growth.

Extreme fetal growth is associated with increased susceptibility to a range of adult diseases through an unknown mechanism of cellular memory. We tested whether heritable epigenetic processes in long-lived CD34(+) haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells showed evidence for re-programming associated with the extremes of fetal growth. Here we show that both fetal growth restriction and over-growth are associated with global shifts towards DNA hypermethylation, targeting cis-regulatory elements in proximity to genes involved in glucose homeostasis and stem cell function.

Mosaic epigenetic dysregulation of ectodermal cells in autism spectrum disorder.

DNA mutational events are increasingly being identified in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the potential additional role of dysregulation of the epigenome in the pathogenesis of the condition remains unclear. The epigenome is of interest as a possible mediator of environmental effects during development, encoding a cellular memory reflected by altered function of progeny cells. Advanced maternal age (AMA) is associated with an increased risk of having a child with ASD for reasons that are not understood.