Dehydroalanine and dehydrobutyrine in aging and cataractous lenses reveal site-specific consequences of spontaneous protein degradation.

Introduction: Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) have been associated with aging and age-related diseases. PTMs are particularly impactful in long-lived proteins, such as those found in the ocular lens, because they accumulate with age. Two PTMs that lead to protein-protein crosslinks in aged and cataractous lenses are dehydroalanine (DHA) and dehydrobutyrine (DHB); formed from cysteine/serine and threonine residues, respectively.

Fertility considerations in targeted biologic therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors: a review.

Purpose: To review the impact of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) on fertility in men and women, embryo development, and early pregnancy, and discuss considerations for fertility preservation in patients taking TKIs.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search using the PubMed database was performed through February 2021 to evaluate the current literature on imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib, and bosutinib as it relates to fertility and reproduction. Published case series were analyzed for pregnancy outcomes.

Ultrasonographic technique to differentiate enhanced myometrial vascularity/arteriovenous malformation from retained products of conception.

Purpose: To objective of this study is to discuss the ultrasonographic technique to diagnose uterine enhanced myometrial vascularity/arteriovenous malformation (EMV/AVM) and differentiate it from retained products of conception. The study also reviews the management and outcome of EMV/AVM.

Methods: We present a series of three women who developed EMV after early pregnancy loss and a control case of incomplete abortion, where colour Doppler ultrasound was used to distinguish retained products of conception from features of EMV.