Life-Threatening Hemoptysis in a Pediatric Referral Center.

Objectives: Hemoptysis is uncommon in children, even among the critically ill, with a paucity of epidemiological data to inform clinical decision-making. We describe hemoptysis-associated ICU admissions, including those who were critically ill at hemoptysis onset or who became critically ill as a result of hemoptysis, and identify predictors of mortality.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Cauda Equina Syndrome Secondary to Diffuse Infiltration of the Cauda Equina by Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Cauda equina syndrome (CES) results from the dysfunction of the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal rootlets composing the cauda equina. The underlying etiology is most commonly compression secondary to a large herniated lumbosacral disk; however, any pathology affecting the rootlets can result in the syndrome.

Methods: We present a rare case of CES secondary to neoplastic polyradiculitis in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and review the pertinent literature.

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support After Heart Transplantation in Children-Outcomes of a Single Center Cohort.

Objectives: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is used for postcardiotomy low cardiac output but is less established following heart transplantation. We characterized outcomes for children supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after heart transplantation.

Design: Single-center retrospective study.

Mortality and Factors Associated With Hemorrhage During Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Objectives: To quantify and identify factors associated with bleeding events during pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Design: Retrospective cohort study with primary outcome of bleeding days on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Setting: Single tertiary care children's hospital.

Pediatric Hemoptysis without Bronchiectasis or Cardiac Disease: Etiology, Recurrence, and Mortality.

Objectives: To describe the etiologies of hemoptysis in patients without pre-existing bronchiectasis or cardiac disease; to assess odds of recurrent hemoptysis by diagnostic category; and to assess odds of mortality by diagnostic category.

Study Design: This retrospective case series included all patients with hemoptysis documented during an admission to Boston Children's Hospital from January 1, 2007 to June 1, 2017. Patients with bronchiectasis, congenital heart disease, primary pulmonary hypertension, bleeding above the glottis, hemoptysis before 38 weeks of corrected gestational age, hematemesis, foreign body, and trauma were excluded.

RBC Exposure in Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Epidemiology and Factors Associated With Large Blood Transfusion Volume.

Objectives: To quantify and identify factors associated with large RBC exposure in children supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Single tertiary care children's hospital.

Post-arrest therapeutic hypothermia in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease.

Background: While therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is an effective neuroprotective therapy for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, TH has not been demonstrated to improve outcome in other pediatric populations. Patients with acquired or congenital heart disease (CHD) are at high risk of both cardiac arrest and neurodevelopmental impairments, and therapies are needed to improve neurologic outcome. The primary goal of our study was to compare safety/efficacy outcomes in post-arrest CHD patients treated with TH versus controls not treated with TH.