Genetic mapping of , a pupal lethal mutation in .

An EMS mutagenesis screen was conducted in to identify growth control mutants. The multi-institution Fly-CURE consortium phenotypically characterized the mutant using the system which displayed a mutant lethal phenotype with reduced head development, and darkened ocular tissue. Complementation mapping was conducted to identify the affected gene.

A Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Effect of Toric Versus Spherical Contact Lenses on Vision and Eyestrain.

Objectives: To compare the effect of toric versus spherical soft contact lenses on objective measures of visual performance using visual acuity and electromyography of the orbicularis oculi muscle.

Methods: Current soft contact lens wearers with -0.75 to -1.

Assessment of a practitioner's perception of scleral contact lens complications.

Purpose: The purpose of this survey was to better understand scleral lens (SL) practitioners' fitting preferences and minor SL complications and their subsequent treatments.

Method: Practitioners who attended the 2017 Global Specialty Lens Symposium were asked to complete an electronic questionnaire that was created by the investigators, a survey that asked practitioners about their SL fitting experience and preferences, their patients' experience with poor SL wetting, SL fogging, ocular symptoms (redness, pain/discomfort, dryness), and blurred central and side vision, and how the practitioners treated these conditions.

Results: This study analyzed data from 164 SL practitioners.

Efficacy of Toric Contact Lenses in Fitting and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Contact Lens Wearers.

Objectives: To assess whether patient-reported measures are improved with soft toric contact lenses (TCLs) compared with soft spherical contact lenses (SCLs) and whether clinical time needed to fit TCL is greater than SCL.

Methods: Habitual contact lens wearers with vertexed spherical refraction +4.00 to +0.

Subjective Comfort and Physiology with Modern Contact Lens Care Products.

Purpose: To compare subjective comfort and ocular physiology with three multipurpose solutions (MPSs) to that of a peroxide-based system with three different soft contact lens materials.

Methods: Habitual soft contact lens wearers (n = 236) were enrolled at three sites and completed a washout period with no contact lens solution for ≥4 days. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three lens types: etafilcon A, galyfilcon A, or senofilcon A.

Lamellar changes in the keratoconic cornea.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify ultrastructural changes associated with ectasia and to determine the association between lamellar count and corneal thinning.

Methods: Five surgically removed keratoconic corneal buttons and four, non-keratoconic, normal eye bank control corneas were processed for transmission electron microscopy using an established protocol, ensuring minimal tissue distortion. A sequence of overlapping digital images, spanning the full apical cone corneal thickness, was assembled.

Recurrence or re-emergence of keratoconus--what is the evidence telling us? Literature review and two case reports.

Keratoconus may recur following penetrating or lamellar keratoplasty, but latency is considerably longer in the former. Since keratoplasty involves only partial excision of the cornea, and recent research strongly indicates the presence of the pathology in the peripheral host cornea, the reappearance of the pathology after a latency period is most likely due to migration of the disease from host to donor cornea. This notion is further corroborated by the shorter latency period in partial thickness keratoplasty, where more of the diseased host cornea remains in place.

Quantified histopathology of the keratoconic cornea.

Purpose: This study systematically investigated and quantified histopathological changes in a series of keratoconic (Kc) corneas using a physiologically formulated fixative to not further distort the already distorted diseased corneas.

Methods: Twelve surgically removed Kc corneal buttons were immediately preserved and processed for light and transmission electron microscopy using an established corneal protocol. Measurements were taken from the central cone and peripheral regions of the host button.

Fine structure of the interface between the anterior limiting lamina and the anterior stromal fibrils of the human cornea.

Purpose: To use transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate further the ultrastructural details of the collagen fibrils linking the anterior limiting lamina (ALL; Bowman's membrane) of the human cornea to the anterior stromal lamellae.

Methods: Six disease-free corneas from donors aged 42 to 82 years were fixed (2% glutaraldehyde in 80 mM sodium cacodylate) and processed for TEM within 72 hours postmortem. A series of overlapping images, at 10,204x magnification, of the central corneal ALL-stroma interface were assembled.