Four New Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Examining Health-Seeking Behavior in Persons With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (REDD-CAT): Instrument Development Study.

Background: The management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) includes mastery of complex care activities, self-management skills, and routine health care encounters to optimize glucose control and achieve good health. Given the lifelong course of T2DM, patients are faced with navigating complex medical and disease-specific information. This health-seeking behavior is a driver of health disparities and is associated with hospitalization and readmission.

Effectiveness of an Immersive Telemedicine Platform for Delivering Diabetes Medical Group Visits for African American, Black and Hispanic, or Latina Women With Uncontrolled Diabetes: The Women in Control 2.0 Noninferiority Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Medically underserved people with type 2 diabetes mellitus face limited access to group-based diabetes care, placing them at risk for poor disease control and complications. Immersive technology and telemedicine solutions could bridge this gap.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of diabetes medical group visits (DMGVs) delivered in an immersive telemedicine platform versus an in-person (IP) setting and establish the noninferiority of the technology-enabled approach for changes in hemoglobin A (HbA) and physical activity (measured in metabolic equivalent of task [MET]) at 6 months.

Development of a New Measure of Housing Security: The REDD-CAT Housing Security Measure.

Background: Housing security is a key social determinant of behavior related to health outcomes.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a new patient-reported outcome measure that evaluates aspects of housing security for use in the Re-Engineered Discharge for Diabetes-Computer Adaptive Test (REDD-CAT) measurement system.

Design: Qualitative data, literature reviews, and cross-sectional survey study.

Development and calibration data for the Healthcare Access Item Bank: a new computer adaptive test for persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a new measure to evaluate the ability to receive medical services when needed among persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: The Healthcare Access measure was developed using data from 225 persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus who completed an item pool comprised of 54 questions pertaining to their experience accessing healthcare services.

Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported the retention of 45 items.

Development and calibration data for the Medication Adherence Item Bank: a new computer adaptive test for persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: To develop a new computer adaptive test that evaluates important aspects of medication adherence for persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Two hundred and twenty-five people with type 2 diabetes mellitus completed 41 items related to medication adherence.

Results: Exploratory analysis supported the essential unidimensionality of the initial item pool.

Development and calibration data for the Illness Burden item bank: a new computer adaptive test for persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a new measure, the Re-Engineered Discharge for Diabetes Computer Adaptive Test (REDD-CAT) Illness Burden item bank, to evaluate the impact that a chronic condition has on independent living, the ability to work (including working at home), social activities, and relationships.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were used to inform the development of an item pool (47 items) that captured patients' beliefs about how a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes interferes with different aspects of their lives. The Illness Burden item bank was developed and tested in 225 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Reducing Readmission of Hospitalized Patients With Depressive Symptoms: A Randomized Trial.

Purpose: To determine if hospitalized patients with depressive symptoms will benefit from post-discharge depression treatment with care transition support.

Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial of hospitalized patients with patient health questionnaire-9 score of 10 or more. We delivered the Re-Engineered Discharge (RED) and randomized participants to groups receiving RED-only or RED for Depression (RED-D), a 12-week post-discharge telehealth intervention including cognitive behavioral therapy, self-management support, and patient navigation.

Stigma as a Barrier to Participant Recruitment of Minority Populations in Diabetes Research: Development of a Community-Centered Recruitment Approach.

Background: The development of evidence-based care geared towards Black and Latina women living with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes is contingent upon their active recruitment into clinical interventions. Well-documented impediments to recruitment include a historical mistrust of the research community and socioeconomic factors that limit awareness and access to research studies. Although sociocultural and socioeconomic factors deter minorities from participating in clinical research, it is equally important to consider the role of stigma in chronic disease intervention studies.

Using Health Information Technology to Engage African American Women on Nutrition and Supplement Use During the Preconception Period.

Importance: Healthy nutrition and appropriate supplementation during preconception have important implications for the health of the mother and newborn. The best way to deliver preconception care to address health risks related to nutrition is unknown.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial designed to study the impact of conversational agent technology in 13 domains of preconception care among 528 non-pregnant African American and Black women.

Improving the health of young African American women in the preconception period using health information technology: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Preconception care focuses on improving women's health before pregnancy as a means to improve their health and future pregnancy outcomes. How to effectively deliver such care is unknown. The aim of this research was to assess the impact of an embodied conversational agent system on preconception risks among African American and Black women.

Care Transitions From Patient and Caregiver Perspectives.

Purpose: Despite concerted actions to streamline care transitions, the journey from hospital to home remains hazardous for patients and caregivers. Remarkably little is known about the patient and caregiver experience during care transitions, the services they need, or the outcomes they value. The aims of this study were to (1) describe patient and caregiver experiences during care transitions and (2) characterize patient and caregiver desired outcomes of care transitions and the health services associated with them.