Community buprenorphine continuation post-release following extended release vs. sublingual buprenorphine during incarceration: a pilot project in Maine.

Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the post-release outcomes of incarcerated individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) treated with extended-release buprenorphine (XRB) in a rural county jail. Administrative data were collected from a pilot program within a jail in Maine that introduced XRB treatment in 2022 and a comparable jail utilizing sublingual buprenorphine (SLB) during the same period to compare post-release outcomes. Log-binomial regression models were used to estimate the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for jail use of XRB vs.

A comparison of dermal toxicity models; assessing suitability for safe(r)-by-design decision-making and for screening nanomaterial hazards.

The objective of Safe-by-Design (SbD) is to support the development of safer products and production processes, and enable safe use throughout a materials' life cycle; an intervention at an early stage of innovation can greatly benefit industry by reducing costs associated with the development of products later found to elicit harmful effects. Early hazard screening can support this process, and is needed for all of the expected nanomaterial exposure routes, including inhalation, ingestion and dermal. In this study, we compare in vitro and ex vivo cell models that represent dermal exposures (including HaCaT cells, primary keratinocytes, and reconstructed human epidermis (RhE)), and when possible consider these in the context of regulatory accepted OECD TG for in vitro dermal irritation.

Semantic fluency in primary school-age children with vision impairment.

Purpose: Semantic fluency is potentially a useful tool for vocabulary assessment in children with vision impairment because it contains no visual test stimuli. It is not known whether in the primary school years children with vision impairment perform more poorly on semantic fluency tasks compared to their sighted peers.

Method: We compared semantic fluency performance of two groups of 5- to 11-year-old British English speaking children-one group with vision impairment and one without.

White Kids on the Block: On Race, Identity and Criminality Among Incarcerated White Youth.

This study contributes to efforts already underway to attend to the reproduction of white supremacy and the ways whiteness manifests across contexts. We examine whiteness and white racial identity development among incarcerated youth, both a group and place not often studied in relation to these two concepts. Using critical ethnographic methods, we explore how processes of white identity development unfold among incarcerated white youth and the ways in which whiteness is lived, negotiated, and challenged within the carceral context.

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Differentially Modulates Glutamate-Induced Toxicity and Stress in Cells of the Neurogliovascular Unit.

The age-related reduction in circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is associated with increased risk of stroke and neurodegenerative diseases in advanced age. Numerous reports highlight behavioral and physiological deficits in blood-brain barrier function and neurovascular communication when IGF-1 levels are low. Administration of exogenous IGF-1 reduces the extent of tissue damage and sensorimotor deficits in animal models of ischemic stroke, highlighting the critical role of IGF-1 as a regulator of neurovascular health.

Non-ambient X-ray and neutron diffraction of novel relaxor ferroelectric Bi(Zn,Nb)O-(1 - )BaTiO.

The first determination of the phase diagram of the novel ferroelectric relaxor Bi(ZnNb)O-(1 - )BaTiO (BZN-BT) has been achieved with a combination of high-resolution X-ray and neutron diffraction up to the miscibility limit near (BZN) = 20.0% over a temperature range 20 < < 400 K. The combined X-ray and neutron data show that the instability within the BZN-(1-)BT system reaches a maximum at = 3.

Glycolytic inhibition with 3-bromopyruvate suppresses tumor growth and improves survival in a murine model of anaplastic thyroid cancer.

Background: Anaplastic thyroid cancer is a rare but devastating malignancy. Anaplastic thyroid cancer cells exhibit the Warburg effect by preferentially undergoing glycolysis even in aerobic conditions, leading to high glucose use. Here we assess if targeted inhibition of glycolysis can diminish anaplastic thyroid cancer growth and improve outcomes.

Challenges for Family Medicine Residents in Attaining the CanMEDS Professional Role: A Thematic Analysis of Preceptor Field Notes.

Purpose: Among the roles of the competent physician is that of a professional, according to the Canadian Medical Education Directives for Specialists (CanMEDS) framework, which describes the abilities physicians require to effectively meet the health care needs of the people they serve. Through examination of preceptor field notes on resident performance, the authors identified aspects of this role with which family medicine residents struggle.

Method: The authors used a structured thematic analysis in this qualitative study to explore the written feedback postgraduate medical learners receive at the University of Toronto Department of Family and Community Medicine.

Lights Out: Examining Sleep in Children with Vision Impairment.

Sleep is crucial for development across cognitive, physical, and social-emotional domains. Sleep quality and quantity impact domains of daytime functioning, attainment, and global development. Previous work has explored sleep profiles in typically developing children and children with developmental disorders such as Down syndrome and Williams Syndrome, yet there is a complete absence of published work regarding the sleep profiles of children with vision impairment aged 4-11 years.

A network pharmacology study on analgesic mechanism of Yuanhu-Baizhi herb pair.

Background: Millions of people are suffering from chronic pain conditions, such as headache, arthritis, cancer. Apart from western medicines, traditional Chinese medicines are also well accepted for pain management, especially in Asian countries. Yuanhu-Baizhi herb pair (YB) is a typical herb pair applied to the treatment of stomach pain, hypochondriac pain, headache, and dysmenorrhea, due to its effects on analgesia and sedation.

Age-dependent hormesis-like effects of the synthetic cannabinoid CP55940 in C57BL/6 mice.

Use of cannabis and cannabinoid-containing substances is increasing among geriatric patients, despite relatively sparse preclinical evidence in aged models. To better understand the effects of exogenous cannabinoids on aging male and female rodents, we compared the age- and dose-dependent physiological and behavioral effects of the synthetic cannabinoid CP55940 in young-adult and aged C57BL/6 mice. Locomotion, body temperature, thermal nociception, and fecal output were measured following CP55940 administration.

Fecal microbiota transplantation from high caloric-fed donors alters glucose metabolism in recipient mice, independently of adiposity or exercise status.

Studies suggest the gut microbiota contributes to the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Exercise alters microbiota composition and diversity and is protective of these maladies. We tested whether the protective metabolic effects of exercise are mediated through fecal components through assessment of body composition and metabolism in recipients of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from exercise-trained (ET) mice fed normal or high-energy diets.

Warfarin-Induced Skin Necrosis in the Presence of Acute Hepatic Injury and May-Thurner Syndrome.

The purpose of the report is to describe a patient with warfarin-induced skin necrosis in the presence of acute hepatic injury and significant risk factors for venous thromboembolism, including protein C deficiency and May-Thurner syndrome. A 44-year-old female with multiple comorbidities presented to the emergency department with a significantly elevated international normalized ratio (INR > 15.9) rapidly reversed with vitamin K and fresh frozen plasma.

Skeletal muscle-specific overexpression of heat shock protein 72 improves skeletal muscle insulin-stimulated glucose uptake but does not alter whole body metabolism.

Aims: The induction of heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72) via heating, genetic manipulation or pharmacological activation is metabolically protective in the setting of obesity-induced insulin resistance across mammalian species. In this study, we set out to determine whether the overexpression of Hsp72, specifically in skeletal muscle, can protect against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and insulin resistance.

Materials And Methods: An Adeno-Associated Viral vector (AAV), designed to overexpress Hsp72 in skeletal muscle only, was used to study the effects of increasing Hsp72 levels on various metabolic parameters.

Colo-ovarian fistula.

Colo-ovarian fistula is a rare entity. The case of a 54-year-old female with a colo-ovarian fistula is presented. We describe our experience in managing this complication of diverticulitis and propose a workup and treatment plan.

A Trial of Telephone Support Services to Prevent Further Intimate Partner Violence.

We conducted a randomized-controlled trial of telephone support services (TSS) versus enhanced usual care (EUC) for women who had reported intimate partner violence (IPV) within the past year during a visit to a pediatric emergency department. TSS nurse interventionists identified appropriate referrals to community programs, helped participants by problem-solving barriers to obtaining these local services, and provided social support. Three hundred women, ages 18 years and above were recruited.