Functional Analysis of Promoters, mRNA Cleavage, and mRNA Secondary Structure on in .

The ESX-1 secretion system is critical for the virulence of as well as for conjugation in the saprophytic model . EsxB (CFP-10) and EsxA (ESAT-6) are secreted effectors required for the function of ESX-1 systems. While some transcription factors regulating the expression of and have been identified, little work has addressed their promoter structures or other determinants of their expression.

An Emergency Department Quality Improvement Project to Decrease Lumbar Puncture Rates in Febrile Infants 22 to 28 Days Old.

Introduction: Most providers have routinely performed universal lumbar puncture (LP) on well-appearing, febrile infants 22 to 28 days old. In 2021, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended clinicians should perform an LP in this age group if inflammatory markers are abnormal. This quality improvement project aimed to decrease LP rates in febrile infants 22 to 28 days old in the emergency department (ED) within 1 year, regardless of race/ethnicity, from a baseline of 87%.

Continuing Education Evaluations of an Internal Medicine and a Pediatric Podcast.

Introduction: This study aimed to characterize practitioners who use podcasts as a form of continuing education (CE), evaluate attitudes regarding podcasting as a medium for CE, and assess intended practice change after listening to podcasts for CE.

Methods: We examined CE data from a mandatory postpodcast evaluation collected between February 2021 and August 2021 for two free podcasts. We analyzed linked episode data containing podcast downloads.

Changes in Pediatricians' Child Passenger Safety Counseling With Initiation of a Booster Seat Program.

Booster seats reduce injury in motor vehicle crashes, yet they are used less frequently than car seats and seat belts. Primary care providers are well positioned to educate and encourage families to use booster seats. We aimed to assess how a booster seat distribution program affected the documentation of restraint usage and anticipatory guidance at well-child visits at a pediatric primary care practice.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training in Select Rhode Island High Schools: A Descriptive Study.

Fewer than 15% of people who have out-of-hospital cardiac arrests survive, but chances of survival can be tripled with effective bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The majority of states, including Rhode Island, require high school CPR training, yet the impact of this is not well studied. A 33-question REDCap survey regarding cardiac arrest preparedness, CPR education, and barriers to CPR training was emailed to high school staff in Rhode Island.

Learning Through Listening: A Scoping Review of Podcast Use in Medical Education.

Purpose: To improve understanding of podcast use in medical education by examining current research on descriptive attributes and educational outcomes, highlighting implications of the current evidence base for educational practices, and identifying research gaps to guide future investigation.

Method: The authors conducted a scoping review, searching PubMed and Embase databases in June-July 2020 for English-language studies of audio-only medical education podcast use in undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education. The authors excluded studies without original data or with nonphysician data that could not be separated from physician data.

Changes in Sick Visits at an Academic Pediatric Primary Care Practice due to the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background/objective: The COVID-19 pandemic decreased pediatric patient volumes; however, details regarding patterns of use within primary care sick visits are not well understood.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of sick visits in an academic primary care clinic from March-August 2019 and 2020 and recorded demographics and visit diagnoses. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare the two time periods.

Polyethylene glycol-b-poly(lactic acid) polymersomes as vehicles for enzyme replacement therapy.

Aim: Polymersomes are created to deliver an enzyme-based therapy to the brain in lysosomal storage disease patients.

Materials & Methods: Polymersomes are formed via the injection method using poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactic acid) (PEGPLA) and bound to apolipoprotein E, to create a brain-targeted delivery vehicle.

Results: Polymersomes have a smallest average diameter of 145 ± 21 nm and encapsulate β-galactosidase at 72.

Emerging therapies for neuropathic lysosomal storage disorders.

Approximately 1 in 5000-8000 children are born annually with a lysosomal storage disease (LSD), which affects their cells' ability to break down naturally occurring substrates. Accumulation, or "storage," of undegraded substrates leads to a wide variety of clinical symptoms, and early mortality. Currently, for LSDs with central nervous system (CNS) involvement, there is no available treatment.

Recent developments in home sleep-monitoring devices.

Improving our understanding of sleep physiology and pathophysiology is an important goal for both medical and general wellness reasons. Although the gold standard for assessing sleep remains the laboratory polysomnogram, there is an increasing interest in portable monitoring devices that provide the opportunity for assessing sleep in real-world environments such as the home. Portable devices allow repeated measurements, evaluation of temporal patterns, and self-experimentation.

Mammalian sleep genetics.

Mammalian sleep is a complex phenomenon governed by the interplay of neural circuits and signaling systems. The impact of genetic manipulations on sleep-wake dynamics provides important insights into this complex behavior. Here we review the sleep-related phenotypes of over 50 transgenic animal models spanning a variety of signaling systems.

Sleep telemedicine: a survey study of patient preferences.

Telemedicine is an increasingly recognized option for cost-effective management of chronic conditions. We surveyed Sleep Clinic patients about their experiences and preferences regarding different forms of telemedicine. Adult Sleep Clinic patients seen between 2009 and 2011 received a brief survey either by postal mail (n = 156) or, for those with an available email address, electronically (n = 282).