Does Side Matter? The Impact of Free Flap Harvest Laterality on Ambulatory Function in Lower Extremity Traumatic Reconstruction.

Background:  Free flaps are essential for limb salvage in patients with lower extremity (LE) trauma; however, significant donor-site morbidity could impact functional outcomes. This study compares postoperative ambulatory function between contralateral and ipsilateral free flap harvest in LE traumatic reconstruction.

Methods:  A retrospective review was performed on patients who underwent LE reconstruction at a level 1 trauma center from 2009 to 2022.

The Impact of Intraoperative Vasopressor Use and Fluid Status on Flap Survival in Traumatic Lower Extremity Reconstruction.

Background:  Historically, the use of intraoperative vasopressors during free flap lower extremity (LE) reconstruction has been proposed to adversely affect flap survival due to concerns about compromising flap perfusion. This study aims to analyze the impact of intraoperative vasopressor use and fluid administration on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing traumatic LE reconstruction.

Methods:  Patients who underwent LE free flap reconstruction between 2015 and 2023 at a Level I Trauma Center were retrospectively reviewed.

Clinical guideline highlights for the hospitalist: Diagnosis and treatment of diabetes-related foot infections.

IWGDF/IDSA Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes-related Foot Infections RELEASE DATE: October 2, 2023 PRIOR VERSION: March 16, 2020 DEVELOPER: IWGDF Editorial Board FUNDING SOURCE: International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF), Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) TARGET POPULATION: Adults with suspected or confirmed diabetes-related foot infections.

Loss of daylength sensitivity by splice site mutation in Cannabis pseudo-response regulator.

Photoperiod insensitivity (auto-flowering) in drug-type Cannabis sativa circumvents the need for short day (SD) flowering requirements making outdoor cultivation in high latitudes possible. However, the benefits of photoperiod insensitivity are counterbalanced by low cannabinoid content and poor flower quality in auto-flowering genotypes. Despite recent studies in cannabis flowering, a mechanistic understanding of photoperiod insensitivity is still lacking.

Neuroimaging Findings in US Government Personnel and Their Family Members Involved in Anomalous Health Incidents.

Importance: US government personnel stationed internationally have reported anomalous health incidents (AHIs), with some individuals experiencing persistent debilitating symptoms.

Objective: To assess the potential presence of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detectable brain lesions in participants with AHIs, with respect to a well-matched control group.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This exploratory study was conducted at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center and the NIH MRI Research Facility between June 2018 and November 2022.

Clinical, Biomarker, and Research Tests Among US Government Personnel and Their Family Members Involved in Anomalous Health Incidents.

Importance: Since 2015, US government and related personnel have reported dizziness, pain, visual problems, and cognitive dysfunction after experiencing intrusive sounds and head pressure. The US government has labeled these anomalous health incidents (AHIs).

Objective: To assess whether participants with AHIs differ significantly from US government control participants with respect to clinical, research, and biomarker assessments.

Network analysis of neuropsychiatric, cognitive, and functional complications of stroke: implications for novel treatment targets.

Aim: Recovery from stroke is adversely affected by neuropsychiatric complications, cognitive impairment, and functional disability. Better knowledge of their mutual relationships is required to inform effective interventions. Network theory enables the conceptualization of symptoms and impairments as dynamic and mutually interacting systems.

Predicting incident dementia in cerebral small vessel disease: comparison of machine learning and traditional statistical models.

Background: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) contributes to 45% of dementia cases worldwide, yet we lack a reliable model for predicting dementia in SVD. Past attempts largely relied on traditional statistical approaches. Here, we investigated whether machine learning (ML) methods improved prediction of incident dementia in SVD from baseline SVD-related features over traditional statistical methods.

Short-term Trajectories of Poststroke Cognitive Function: A STROKOG Collaboration Study.

Background And Objectives: Past studies on poststroke cognitive function have focused on the average performance or change over time, but few have investigated patterns of cognitive trajectories after stroke. This project used latent class growth analysis (LCGA) to identify clusters of patients with similar patterns of cognition scores over the first-year poststroke and the extent to which long-term cognitive outcome is predicted by the clusters ("trajectory groups").

Methods: Data were sought from the Stroke and Cognition consortium.

Reliability of an AI-Powered Application Across Different Mobile Devices for Assessment of Chronic Wounds.

Evaluate the inter- and intrarater reliability of a wound assessment tool in iPhone 12 and 13 mini modalities against a validated iPad mini/Structure Sensor configuration. We assessed a wound measurement application (eKare inSight) for result consistency in patients presenting with wounds. Assessments were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance.

Cognition, function, and prevalent dementia in centenarians and near-centenarians: An individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis of 18 studies.

Introduction: There are limited data on prevalence of dementia in centenarians and near-centenarians (C/NC), its determinants, and whether the risk of dementia continues to rise beyond 100.

Methods: Participant-level data were obtained from 18 community-based studies (N = 4427) in 11 countries that included individuals ≥95 years. A harmonization protocol was applied to cognitive and functional impairments, and a meta-analysis was performed.

A case of renal abscess and review of the literature.

species are anaerobic gram-negative bacteria that are known to cause infections in immunocompromised hosts, particularly in hospital settings. Their opportunistic nature and tendency to develop antibiotic resistance make species challenging to treat. Renal or perinephric abscess formation as a result of infection is uncommon, having only previously been reported in four cases.

Fetal muscle extract improves muscle function and performance in aged mice.

Loss of skeletal muscle mass and function is one of the major musculoskeletal health problems in the aging population. Recent studies have demonstrated differential proteomic profiles at different fetal stages, which might be associated with muscle growth and development. We hypothesized that extract derived from fetal muscle tissues at the stage of hypertrophy could ameliorate the loss of muscle mass and strength in aged mice.

Texture Features of Magnetic Resonance Images Predict Poststroke Cognitive Impairment: Validation in a Multicenter Study.

Background: Imaging features derived from T1-weighted (T1w) images texture analysis were shown to be potential markers of poststroke cognitive impairment, with better sensitivity than atrophy measurement. However, in magnetic resonance images, the signal distribution is subject to variations and can limit transferability of the method between centers. This study examined the reliability of texture features against imaging settings using data from different centers.

Headaches in Traumatic Brain Injury: Improvement Over Time, Associations With Quality of Life, and Impact of Migraine-Type Headaches.

Objective: To describe headache characteristics over time in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Setting: Patients enrolled and followed at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center between 2011 and 2020.

Participants: There were 147 patients with TBI, with 74 mild TBI (mTBI), 49 moderate (modTBI), 24 severe (sTBI), and 20 individuals without brain injury (IWBIs).

MicroRNA-378 contributes to osteoarthritis by regulating chondrocyte autophagy and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease; thus, understanding the pathological mechanisms of OA initiation and progression is critical for OA treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be involved in the progression of osteoarthritis, one candidate is microRNA-378 (miR-378), which is highly expressed in the synovium of OA patients during late-stage disease, but its function and the underlying mechanisms of how it contributes to disease progression remain poorly understood. In this study, miR-378 transgenic (TG) mice were used to study the role of miR-378 in OA development.

DANCR Mediates the Rescuing Effects of Sesamin on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Treatment via Orchestrating Osteogenesis and Osteoclastogenesis.

As one of the leading causes of bone fracture in postmenopausal women and in older men, osteoporosis worldwide is attracting more attention in recent decades. Osteoporosis is a common disease mainly resulting from an imbalance of bone formation and bone resorption. Pharmaceutically active compounds that both activate osteogenesis, while repressing osteoclastogenesis hold the potential of being therapeutic medications for osteoporosis treatment.

Long-Term Cognitive Decline After Stroke: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.

Background: Poststroke cognitive impairment is common, but the trajectory and magnitude of cognitive decline after stroke is unclear. We examined the course and determinants of cognitive change after stroke using individual participant data from the Stroke and Cognition Consortium.

Methods: Nine longitudinal hospital-based cohorts from 7 countries were included.

Minimal clinically important difference in means in vulnerable populations: challenges and solutions.

Introduction And Motivation: Many health studies measure a continuous outcome and compare means between groups. Since means for biological data are often difficult to interpret clinically, it is common to dichotomise using a cut-point and present the 'percentage abnormal' alongside or in place of means. Examples include birthweight where 'abnormal' is defined as <2500 g (low birthweight), systolic blood pressure with abnormal defined as >140 mm Hg (high blood pressure) and lung function with varying definitions of the 'limit of normal'.

Resveratrol: A "miracle" drug in neuropsychiatry or a cognitive enhancer for mice only? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Over the last decade resveratrol has been trialled for the prevention and treatment of cognitive decline; however, the results have shown a conflict between human studies compared with animal studies, especially on cognition, blood pressure, neuroimaging, and mood.

Methods: Human clinical trials and animal studies published prior to January 2020, were identified searching across major electronic databases. PRISMA guidelines were used for data extraction, which was independently performed by two authors.

MicroRNA-378 Suppressed Osteogenesis of MSCs and Impaired Bone Formation via Inactivating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to serve as silencers to repress gene expression at post-transcriptional levels. Multiple miRNAs have been demonstrated to play important roles in osteogenesis. MicroRNA (miR)-378, a conserved miRNA, was reported to mediate bone metabolism and influence bone development, but the detailed function and underlying mechanism remain obscure.