Considering human cognitive architecture in stressful medical prehospital interventions might benefit care providers.

People suffering from critical injuries/illness face marked challenges before transportation to definitive care. Solutions to diagnose and intervene in the prehospital setting are required to improve outcomes. Despite advances in artificial intelligence and robotics, near-term practical interventions for catastrophic injuries/illness will require humans to perform unfamiliar, uncomfortable and risky interventions.

The unrestricted global effort to complete the COOL trial.

Background: Severe complicated intra-abdominal sepsis (SCIAS) has an increasing incidence with mortality rates over 80% in some settings. Mortality typically results from disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, progressive and self-perpetuating bio-mediator generation, systemic inflammation, and multiple organ failure. A further therapeutic option may be open abdomen (OA) management with negative peritoneal pressure therapy (NPPT) to remove inflammatory ascites and attenuate the systemic damage from SCIAS, although there are definite risks of leaving the abdomen open whenever it might possibly be closed.

Smarter faster just-in-time hemorrhage control: A pilot evaluation of remotely piloted aircraft system delivered STOP-THE-BLEED equipment with just-in-time remote telementored deployment.

Introduction: Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) can access patients inaccessible to traditional rescue. Just-in-time remote telementoring (RTM) of naïve users to self-care could potentially address challenges in salvaging exsanguination in remote environments.

Methods: An exsanguination self-application task was established in a wilderness location.

Patient Self-Performed Point-of-Care Ultrasound: Using Communication Technologies to Empower Patient Self-Care.

Point-of-Care ultrasound (POCUS) is an invaluable tool permitting the understanding of critical physiologic and anatomic details wherever and whenever a patient has a medical need. Thus the application of POCUS has dramatically expanded beyond hospitals to become a portable user-friendly technology in a variety of prehospital settings. Traditional thinking holds that a trained user is required to obtain images, greatly handicapping the scale of potential improvements in individual health assessments.

A randomized controlled pilot trial of video-modelling versus telementoring for improved hemorrhage control wound packing.

Introduction: Exsanguination is the most preventable cause of death. Paradigms such as STOP THE BLEED recognize increased responsibility among the less experienced with Wound Packing (WP) being a critical skill. As even trained providers may perform poorly, we compared Video-modelling (VM), a form of behavioural modelling involving video demonstration prior to intervention against remote telementoring (RTM) involving remote real-time expert-guidance.

Robotically applied hemostatic clamping for care-under-fire: harnessing bomb robots for hemorrhage control.

Background: Early hemorrhage control after interpersonal violence is the most urgent requirement to preserve life and is now recognized as a responsibility of law enforcement. Although earlier entry of first responders is advocated, many shooting scenes remain unsafe for humans, necessitating first responses conducted by robots. Thus, robotic hemorrhage control warrants study as a care-under-fire treatment option.

Empowering the willing: the feasibility of tele-mentored self-performed pleural ultrasound assessment for the surveillance of lung health.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection, manifesting as COVID-19 pneumonia, constitutes a global pandemic that is disrupting health-care systems. Most patients who are infected are asymptomatic/pauci-symptomatic can safely self-isolate at home. However, even previously healthy individuals can deteriorate rapidly with life-threatening respiratory failure characterized by disproportionate hypoxemic failure compared to symptoms.

Topography of occult pneumothoraces: its importance for efficiency in diagnosis and avoiding sono-paralysis during POCUS.

Traumatic pneumothoraces remain a life-threatening problem that may be resolved quickly with timely diagnosis. Unfortunately, they are still not optimally managed. The most critically injured patients with hemodynamic instability require immediate diagnoses of potentially correctible conditions in the primary survey.

Pioneering Remotely Piloted Aerial Systems (Drone) Delivery of a Remotely Telementored Ultrasound Capability for Self Diagnosis and Assessment of Vulnerable Populations-the Sky Is the Limit.

Remotely Piloted Aerial Systems (RPAS) are poised to revolutionize healthcare in out-of-hospital settings, either from necessity or practicality, especially for remote locations. RPAS have been successfully used for surveillance, search and rescue, delivery, and equipping drones with telemedical capabilities being considered. However, we know of no previous consideration of RPAS-delivered tele-ultrasound capabilities.

Identifying Gender Barriers for Colorectal Cancer Screening and Assessing the Need for a Multigender Endoscopy Team: A Prospective Multicenter Study.

Introduction: Gender preferences have been reported as a barrier to colorectal cancer screening, particularly among women. We aim to identify the role of patients' gender preferences for endoscopists and endoscopy team members, with the effect of age-related and regional differences.

Methods: We conducted an anonymous, voluntary survey of all adult outpatients presenting at our endoscopy centers before their procedures.

Longitudinal remotely mentored self-performed lung ultrasound surveillance of paucisymptomatic Covid-19 patients at risk of disease progression.

COVID-19 has impacted human life globally and threatens to overwhelm health-care resources. Infection rates are rapidly rising almost everywhere, and new approaches are required to both prevent transmission, but to also monitor and rescue infected and at-risk patients from severe complications. Point-of-care lung ultrasound has received intense attention as a cost-effective technology that can aid early diagnosis, triage, and longitudinal follow-up of lung health.

The next nine minutes: Lessons learned from the large-scale active shooter training prior to the STEM school shooting.

Objective: As the incidence of active shooters increase, local emergency response has also changed. South Metro Fire Rescue coordinated a series of hyper-realistic active shooter simulation drills involving multiple agencies.

Methods: "The Next Nine Minutes" was one of the largest active shooter drills performed to date with 904 personnel that were trained in 18 mass casualty active shooter drills.

Do we have the guts to go? The abdominal compartment, intra-abdominal hypertension, the human microbiome and exploration class space missions.

Humans are destined to explore space, yet critical illness and injury may be catastrophically limiting for extraterrestrial travel. Humans are superorganisms living in symbiosis with their microbiomes, whose genetic diversity dwarfs that of humans. Symbiosis is critical and imbalances are associated with disease, occurring within hours of serious illness and injury.

A “human-proof pointy-end”: a robotically applied hemostatic clamp for care-under-fire.

Providing the earliest hemorrhage control is now recognized as a shared responsibility of all members of society, including both the lay public and professionals, consistent with the Stop the Bleed campaign. However, providing early hemorrhage control in a hostile environment, such as the scene of a mass shooting, is extremely challenging. In such settings, the first access to a bleeding victim may be robotic.

Correction to: Ethical considerations in conducting surgical research in severe complicated intra-abdominal sepsis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13017-019-0259-9.].

Management of Hemorrhage From Craniomaxillofacial Injuries and Penetrating Neck Injury in Tactical Combat Casualty Care: iTClamp Mechanical Wound Closure Device TCCC Guidelines Proposed Change 19-04 06 June 2019.

The 2012 study Death on the battlefield (2001-2011) by Eastridge et al.1 demonstrated that 7.5% of the prehospital deaths caused by potentially survivable injuries were due to external hemorrhage from the cervical region.

Ethical considerations in conducting surgical research in severe complicated intra-abdominal sepsis.

Background: Severe complicated intra-abdominal sepsis (SCIAS) has high mortality, thought due in part to progressive bio-mediator generation, systemic inflammation, and multiple organ failure. Treatment includes early antibiotics and operative source control. At surgery, open abdomen management with negative-peritoneal-pressure therapy (NPPT) has been hypothesized to mitigate MOF and death, although clinical equipoise for this operative approach exists.