Effects of milrinone versus epinephrine on left ventricular relaxation after cardiopulmonary bypass following myocardial revascularization: assessment by color m-mode and tissue Doppler.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the left ventricular lusitropic effects of epinephrine versus milrinone after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Design: Prospective randomized study.

Setting: Single institution, university teaching hospital.

Oximetry-derived perfusion index for intraoperative identification of successful thoracic sympathectomy.

Background: Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy treats patients with hyperhidrosis. Laser Doppler flow and changes in palmar temperature have been advocated for intraoperative monitoring. The pulse oximetry-derived perfusion index (PI) is used to quantify pulsatile blood flow at the pulse oximeter.

Effects of a new phosphodiesterase enzyme type V inhibitor (UK 343-664) versus milrinone in a porcine model of acute pulmonary hypertension.

Background: Perioperative pulmonary hypertension remains a clinical challenge. The phosphodiesterase enzyme type III inhibitor milrinone produces pulmonary vasodilation but lacks selectivity. Sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase enzyme type V inhibitor, can also induce relaxation of the pulmonary vasculature; however, only the oral formulation is presently available.