Crosswalks Between Knee and Hip Arthroplasty Short Forms: HOOS/KOOS JR and Oxford.

Background: The Oxford Knee Score (OKS); Oxford Hip Score (OHS); Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Joint Replacement (KOOS JR); and Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Joint Replacement (HOOS JR) are well-validated and widely used short-form patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for assessing outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA). We are not aware of the existence of any crosswalks to convert scores between these PROMs. We aimed to develop and validate crosswalks that will permit the comparison of scores between studies using different PROMs and the pooling of results for meta-analyses.

Pulse oximetry: basic principles and applications in aerospace medicine.

Introduction: Pulse oximeters are reliable, objective, and noninvasive monitors that have broad application in aerospace medicine. New technology enables pulse oximeters to perform well in adverse environments and measure additional parameters. Small, battery-powered devices can be used to monitor oxyhemoglobin saturation while in flight.

Transplacental genotoxicity of combined antiretroviral nucleoside analogue therapy in Erythrocebus patas monkeys.

Antiretroviral nucleoside analogue drugs are a major constituent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the most advanced form of treatment for HIV-1 infection. Currently, HAART combinations that include zidovudine (ZDV) and lamivudine (3TC) are highly effective in preventing HIV-1 vertical transmission; most children are born with no evident adverse clinical effects. However, ZDV is a moderately strong transplacental carcinogen in mice, and potential long-term consequences of fetal exposure to most HAART combinations remain unknown.