Exploring the Nature of Arhopalus ferus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Spondylidinae) Pheromone Attraction.

Cerambycid species of the Spondylidinae subfamily are distributed worldwide and are known for being prolific invaders that infest conifers. In New Zealand, Arhopalus ferus (Mulsant), the burnt pine longhorn beetle, is well-established and requires monitoring at high-risk sites such as ports, airports, and sawmills as part of the requirements to meet pine log export standards set by the New Zealand Ministry of Primary Industries (MPI). Currently, its surveillance relies on traps baited with host volatiles (i.

Comparison of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommendations and the risk index for overdose or serious opioid-induced respiratory depression (RIOSORD) tool for guiding naloxone coprescribing.

Purpose: Patients treated with ongoing opioid therapy may be at an increased risk of respiratory depression or death, which may be mitigated through prompt administration of naloxone. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines for prescribing opioids in primary care settings recommend patients treated with ongoing opioid analgesic therapy be offered a coprescription of naloxone based on total oral morphine milligram equivalents per day or concurrent benzodiazepine therapy. Opioid overdose risk is dose-dependent, yet other patient-specific factors contribute to this risk.

Effect of Host Volatile Release Rate and Racemic Fuscumol on Trap Catch of Hylurgus ligniperda, Hylastes ater (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and Arhopalus ferus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).

Early detection of bark- and wood-boring beetles is critical to support the eradication of recently established populations in novel regions. Flight intercept traps baited with semiochemical lures are essential for surveillance and population monitoring of introduced insects. We present laboratory and field data to test potential improvements in trap sensitivity to detect Hylastes ater (Paykull), Hylurgus ligniperda (Fabricius) (Coleoptera:Scolytinae), and Arhopalus ferus (Mulsant) (Coleoptera:Cerambycidae).

Light-Weight Portable Electroantennography Device as a Future Field-Based Tool for Applied Chemical Ecology.

Portable electroantennograms (pEAG) can further our understanding of odor plume dynamics and complement laboratory-based electroantennogram tools. pEAG's can help to address important questions such as the influence of plume structure on insect behavior, the active space of semiochemical-baited traps, and the impact of biotic and abiotic factors on this active space. Challenges associated with pEAGs include their miniaturization and sensitivity, confounding environmental odors, and processing of data.

Semaglutide for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

To detail studies investigating the efficacy/safety of semaglutide as a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A literature search in MEDLINE and ClinicalTrials.gov (January 2013 to May 2018) using the terms , and resulted in 10 published articles and 14 ongoing/unpublished articles.

Monitoring Patients on Metformin: Recent Changes and Rationales.

The Food and Drug Administration recently updated metformin prescribing recommendations for patients with diabetes and renal disease. The American Diabetes Association as well as the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American Clinical Endocrinologists also recommend periodic monitoring of vitamin B levels for patients using metformin. A review of the literature was conducted to assess data to evaluate the recent updates to metformin usage and provide rationales for these recommendations.

Olfactory Cues, Visual Cues, and Semiochemical Diversity Interact During Host Location by Invasive Forest Beetles.

Plant-feeding insects use visual and olfactory cues (shape, color, plant volatiles) for host location, but the relative importance of different cues and interactions with non-host-plant volatiles in ecosystems of varying plant biodiversity is unclear for most species. We studied invasive bark beetles and wood borers associated with pine trees to characterize interactions among color, host and non-host volatiles, by employing traps that mimic tree trunks. Cross-vane flight intercept traps (black, green, red, white, yellow, clear) and black funnel traps were used with and without attractants (α-pinene + ethanol), repellents (non-host green leaf volatiles, 'GLV'), and attractant/repellent combinations in four pine forests in New Zealand.

Assessing empathy and self-efficacy levels of pharmacy students in an elective diabetes management course.

Objective: To assess the impact of a 6-week patient/provider interaction simulation on empathy and self-efficacy levels of diabetes management skills in third-year pharmacy students.

Design: Pharmacy students enrolled in a diabetes elective course were paired to act as a patient with diabetes or as a provider assisting in the management of that patient during a 6-week simulation activity. After 3 weeks, students switched roles.

Diabetes management in Commercial Driver License holders.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate diabetes management in Commercial Driver License (CDL) holders, how prescribing habits change when treating this patient population, and health care providers' knowledge of regulations concerning insulin use in CDL holders.

Methods: A survey was posted on the American Association of Diabetes Educators (AADE) Communities of Interest websites and was open for 2 weeks. The anonymous survey collected demographic data and evaluated the perspectives of health care providers on diabetes management in CDL holders.

Aerial application of pheromones for mating disruption of an invasive moth as a potential eradication tool.

Biological invasions can cause major ecological and economic impacts. During the early stages of invasions, eradication is desirable but tactics are lacking that are both effective and have minimal non-target effects. Mating disruption, which may meet these criteria, was initially chosen to respond to the incursion of light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (LBAM; Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in California.

Bromocriptine mesylate for glycemic management in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To review the pharmacologic characteristics, safety, and efficacy of bromocriptine mesylate for glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Data Sources: A Scopus and MEDLINE search (1950-June 2010) was conducted using the key words bromocriptine, diabetes, and circadian rhythm. Data were also received from the manufacturer.

Role of clopidogrel in unstable angina and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: from literature and guidelines to practice.

Clinical trials are the backbone of treatment paradigm shifts and guideline development. In terms of acute coronary syndromes, the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association (ACC-AHA) have developed extensive guidelines to assist the practitioner in the appropriate use of drugs including antiischemic, anticoagulant, and antiplatelet agents. Clopidogrel, an adenosine 5'-diphosphate antagonist, is one such drug.