Four-Year Disease-Free Remission in a Patient With POLE Mutation-Associated Colorectal Cancer Treated Using Anti-PD-1 Therapy.

The stability of the human genome depends upon a delicate balance between replication by high- and low-fidelity DNA polymerases. Aberrant replication by error-prone polymerases or loss of function of high-fidelity polymerases predisposes to genetic instability and, in turn, cancer. DNA polymerase epsilon (Pol ε) is a high-fidelity, processive polymerase that is responsible for the majority of leading strand synthesis, and mutations in Pol ε have been increasingly associated with various human malignancies.

Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Pathologist Training in the Time of COVID-19: Our Experience using a Digital Solution.

The COVID-19 pandemic presented numerous challenges to the continuity of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) assay training events conducted by our organization. Under typical conditions, these training events are face-to-face affairs, where participants are trained to assay algorithms on glass slides during multi-headed scope sessions. Social distancing measures undertaken to slow pandemic spread necessitated the adaptation of our training methods to facilitate assay training and subsequent continuation of clinical trials.

Enteric duplication cyst containing squamous and respiratory epithelium: an interesting case of a typically pediatric entity presenting in an adult patient.

Enteric duplication cysts are rare congenital malformations that can occur at any point along the digestive tract, most commonly the small bowel. They are characterized by the presence of an outer layer of smooth muscle and an inner lining of mucosa that may resemble any portion of the digestive tract. Less commonly, cases have been reported that also contain mucosal components of nonintestinal origin.

Analysis of microsatellite mutations in buccal cells from a case-control study for lung cancer.

Exposure to tobacco carcinogens is the major cause of human lung cancer, but even heavy smokers have only about a 10% life-time risk of developing lung cancer. Currently used screening processes, based largely on age and exposure status, have proven to be of limited clinical utility in predicting cancer risk. More precise methods of assessing an individual's risk of developing lung cancer are needed.

Human papillomavirus in early laryngeal carcinoma.

Objectives/hypothesis: To examine the role of HPV status in the etiology, prognosis, and treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in early larynx malignancies.

Study Design: Retrospective.

Methods: Thirty-eight cases of T1 or carcinoma in situ (CIS) laryngeal lesions were examined for the presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) using an inclusive polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/hybridization technique capable of identifying 37 HPV subtypes.