Horizontal and Vertical Integration of Health Care Providers: A Framework for Understanding Various Provider Organizational Structures.

Introduction: Current U.S. policy and payment initiatives aim to encourage health care provider accountability for population health and higher value care, resulting in efforts to integrate providers along the continuum.

Leveraging Diverse Data Sources to Identify and Describe U.S. Health Care Delivery Systems.

Health care delivery systems are a growing presence in the U.S., yet research is hindered by the lack of universally agreed-upon criteria to denote formal systems.