Systematic review of physical activity interventions assessing physical and mental health outcomes on patients with severe mental illness (SMI) within secure forensic settings.

Unlabelled: WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Individuals with a severe mental illness (SMI) are less physically active and have a lower life expectancy than the general population due to increased risks of cardiometabolic diseases (obesity, diabetes and respiratory diseases) and other health risks. Physical activity has been used as an adjunct therapy for individuals with SMI yielding improvements in cognitive functioning, quality of life and a reduction in psychiatric symptoms. Individuals with SMI residing within a secure forensic setting have reduced physical activity opportunities, possibly due to a number of factors including low motivation and restricted access to exercise facilities combined with a lack of knowledge and/or confidence in staff members to assist in physical activity programmes.

The Effect of a School-Based Intervention on Physical Activity and Well-Being: a Non-Randomised Controlled Trial with Children of Low Socio-Economic Status.

Background: Self-determination theory (SDT) has been used to predict children's physical activity and well-being. However, few school-based SDT intervention studies have been conducted, and no research exists with children of low socio-economic status (SES). Therefore, SDT-derived needs-supportive teaching techniques informed the design and analyses of the Healthy Choices Programme (HCP).

Ascending curbs of progressively higher height increases forward trunk flexion along with upper extremity mechanical and muscular demands in manual wheelchair users with a spinal cord injury.

High upper extremity (U/E) demands are required when manual wheelchair users (MWUs) with spinal cord injury (SCI) ascend curbs; this may contribute to the risk of developing U/E musculoskeletal impairments. The aim of this study was to compare movement strategies (kinematics), mechanical loads (kinetics) and muscular demand (EMG) at the non-dominant U/E among 15 MWUs with SCI when ascending curbs of 4 cm (3 trials), 8 cm (3 trials) and 12 cm high (3 trials) from a starting line set 3 m before the curb. Biomechanical data was collected during three trials for each height.