Traumatology (Tallahass Fla)
September 2023
Purpose: College students are at an increased risk for trauma exposure (TE), as well as weight gain and subsequent obesity. Notably, existing research has demonstrated that TE is associated with subsequent obesity. However, there is a dearth of literature looking at this relationship in college students who are at increased risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: This study explored whether sociodemographic and health-related characteristics moderated mHealth PA intervention effects on total and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at 6 months, relative to a self-help condition among young adult cancer survivors (YACS).
Methods: We conducted exploratory secondary analyses of data from a randomized controlled trial among 280 YACS. All participants received digital tools; intervention participants also received lessons, adaptive goals, tailored feedback, text messages, and Facebook prompts.
Background: Young men are vastly underrepresented in lifestyle interventions, suggesting a need to develop appealing yet effective interventions for this population.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the acceptability of a self-guided lifestyle intervention designed specifically for young men (age: 18-35 years old).
Methods: Semistructured interviews and surveys were completed by 14 men following completion of a remotely delivered, 12-week lifestyle intervention.
Background: Understanding the effects of family-based lifestyle intervention beyond the treated adolescent is important, given that obesity is a familial disease and there are likely bidirectional relations between an adolescent's treatment success and broader household changes. However, it is unknown if recommended household-wide changes are adopted or if untreated family members experience weight-related benefits.
Methods: TEENS + REACH leverages our ongoing randomized clinical trial of TEENS+, a family-based lifestyle intervention for adolescents with obesity, to determine: 1) if household-wide changes to the shared home environment are implemented, 2) if ripple effects to untreated family members are observed, and 3) whether these changes are predictive of adolescents' weight management success.
Background: Cancer therapies induce cardiac injury and increase cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. In non-cancer populations, higher diet quality is associated with protection against CVD, but the relationship between diet and cardiac function in cancer survivors is unknown.
Methods: This cross-sectional analysis from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort included 113 cancer survivors (55 breast, 53 prostate, three lung, and three blood) and 4233 non-cancer controls.
Background: Although adolescents with obesity have heightened risk for eating pathology, the impact of differential parent involvement on eating pathology after obesity treatment is unknown. We examined differences in eating pathology in adolescents whose parents were randomized to distinct interventions within adolescent obesity treatment.
Methods: Participants were 82 adolescent/parent dyads (adolescents: 63 % female; 55 % racial/ethnically marginalized) enrolled in TEENS+, a 4-month behavioral weight loss intervention.
Background: There is an urgent need for innovative approaches to adolescent obesity treatment, particularly among individuals from racially and ethnically marginalized backgrounds, who face increased risk of obesity and its associated morbidity and mortality. There is a particular dearth of research on the long-term efficacy of adolescent obesity treatments. Further, research and clinical practice guidelines consistently recommend parents' inclusion in their adolescents' obesity treatment, yet the most effective strategy to engage parents in adolescent obesity treatment remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe study assessed perceived health, health behaviors and conditions, and medical care utilization among students of different weight categories. Participants were college students ( = 37,583) from 58 institutions who responded to a national survey of student health behaviors. Chi-squared and mixed model analyses were completed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Most physical activity (PA) interventions in young adult cancer survivors (YACS) have focused on short-term outcomes without evaluating longer-term outcomes and PA maintenance. This study examined the effects of an mHealth PA intervention at 12 months, after 6 months of tapered contacts, relative to a self-help group among 280 YACS.
Methods: YACS participated in a 12-month randomized trial that compared self-help and intervention groups.
Objective: Cardiovascular health (CVH) declines in young adulthood. This study assessed whether weight gain prevention interventions promoted ideal CVH.
Methods: Young adults (n = 599; age 18-35 years; BMI: 21.
Objective: Young adults (YAs) are at high risk for weight gain and show high variability in treatment response. Life events and high perceived stress are common in YAs and could drive less favorable outcomes. The goal was to examine whether life events and stress were related to program engagement and weight outcomes in a weight gain prevention trial for YAs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The objective was to test the efficacy of a scalable, virtually delivered, diabetes-tailored weight management program on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods: This was a single arm, three-site clinical trial. Participants had baseline HbA1c between 7-11% and BMI between 27-50 kg/m.
Background: Young men are at high risk for developing obesity-related health complications, yet are markedly underrepresented in lifestyle interventions. This pilot study examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a lifestyle intervention (self-guided + health risk messaging) targeting young men.
Methods: 35 young men (Age = 29.
Purpose Of Review: Rates of obesity and associated comorbidities are higher among Black and Latino adults compared to white adults. We sought to provide an overview of both structural and individual factors contributing to obesity inequities and synthesize available evidence regarding treatment outcomes in Black and Latino adults, with an eye towards informing future directions.
Recent Findings: Obesity disparities are influenced by myriad systemic issues, yet the vast majority of interventions target individual-level factors only, and most behavioral treatments fail to target drivers beyond eating and physical activity.
Background: Physical inactivity is common in young adult cancer survivors (YACS), but evidence regarding effects of physical activity (PA) interventions among YACS is limited. The IMproving Physical Activity after Cancer Treatment (IMPACT) trial evaluated a theory-based mobile PA intervention on total PA minutes/week (primary) and secondary outcomes (moderate-to-vigorous PA [MVPA], light PA, steps, sedentary behaviors) at 6 months in YACS.
Methods: YACS (N = 280) were randomized to an intervention group or self-help group.
Objective: To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a multisystem transition preparation intervention, SHIFT, for young adults (YAs) with type 1 diabetes (T1D).
Methods: A single-arm, clinic-based pilot was conducted with 25 YAs with T1D (M age = 18.9 ± 1.
Objective: Racial discrimination is a stressor for young Black women that leads to poor health outcomes, including maladaptive eating. This study presents findings on racial discrimination and maladaptive eating behaviors (overeating, LOC eating) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA).
Methods: Black emerging adult women (N = 27) with overweight or obesity participated in a 14-day EMA study examining exposure to racial discrimination, eating behaviors, and racial identity.
Importance: The prevalence of obesity has increased substantially among emerging adults, yet no previous large-scale behavioral weight loss trials have been conducted among this age group.
Objective: To test the effect of 2 theory-based motivational enhancements on weight loss within a primarily digital lifestyle intervention designed for emerging adults.
Design, Setting, And Participants: In this randomized clinical trial conducted at an academic medical research center, 382 participants aged 18 to 25 years with a body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 25 to 45 were enrolled between February 2, 2016, and February 6, 2019.
Objective: Emerging adulthood (EA) is a critical time to promote cardiometabolic health, but EAs are underrepresented in lifestyle intervention trials. Knowledge gaps exist regarding how best to recruit and retain sociodemographically diverse EAs. Our goal was to begin to address these gaps using data from the Richmond Emerging Adults Choosing Health (REACH) Trial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Social jetlag (SJL), the discrepancy in sleep timing between weekdays and weekends, is associated with higher BMI and cardiometabolic risk and is common in young adults. We examined whether chronic SJL impacts weight gain in young adults participating in a weight gain prevention trial.
Methods: Young adults (n = 599, age 18-35; BMI: 21.
Purpose: Few studies have recruited young adult cancer survivors (YACS) from around the USA into remotely-delivered behavioral clinical trials. This study describes recruitment strategies used in the IMproving Physical Activity after Cancer Treatment (IMPACT) study, a 12-month randomized controlled trial of a mobile physical activity intervention for YACS.
Methods: We conducted formative work to guide development of recruitment messages and used a variety of methods and channels to recruit posttreatment YACS (diagnosed ages 18-39, participating in < 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity).
Behavioral weight loss (BWL) for pediatric obesity includes guidance on improving the home food environment and dietary quality; yet food insecurity presents barriers to making these changes. This study examined if home food environment, dietary quality, energy intake, and body weight changes during adolescent obesity treatment differed by food security status, and if changes in the home food environment were associated with changes in dietary quality and energy intake by food security status. Adolescents (n = 82; 13.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The optimal role for involving parents in adolescent obesity treatment is unknown.
Objective: To demonstrate that two parent approaches within adolescent obesity treatment are distinct, as evidenced by differential parent outcomes, and determine the preliminary efficacy of each approach on adolescent weight loss.
Methods: Adolescent/parent dyads (N = 82; mean adolescent age = 13.
Obesity (Silver Spring)
November 2021
Objective: Recovery from weight regain is uncommon during weight loss treatment. This study examined whether participants in a weight gain prevention intervention similarly struggle to recover following weight gains and which factors predict transitions.
Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data from the Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention (SNAP), a randomized controlled trial comparing two weight gain prevention interventions with a control group.
Objective: Despite weight loss challenges in young adulthood, 17% of participants in the Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention (SNAP) weight gain prevention study lost ≥ 5% of their body weight at 3 years. These "weight losers" ( = 88) were compared to "weight maintainers" ( = 143), who successfully prevented weight gains by staying within ± 2.5% of their baseline weight at 3 years.
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