The Relationship Between Secondary Traumatic Stress and Compassion Satisfaction: A Systematic Literature Review.

This systematic literature review examines the relationship between secondary traumatic stress (STS) and compassion satisfaction (CS) to identify the state of the science and directions for future research. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis framework was used to guide the identification and evaluation of studies. Eight academic databases were systematically searched between July and December of 2022 to identify articles and dissertations published in English or Hebrew between 2000 and 2022.

Untangling secondary traumatic stress and vicarious traumatization: One construct or two?

Objective: This study examined whether secondary traumatic stress (STS), defined by the expanded depiction of traumatic stress which includes negative mood/cognition symptoms, fully captures the reactions of indirect trauma exposure or if vicarious traumatization (VT) is still a useful and separate construct to assess for.

Method: An online survey was completed by 613 professionals working with individuals who experienced trauma. Correlations and network analysis were used to explore the overlap and distinctiveness of STS and VT reactions.

Child Traumatic Stress and COVID-19: The Impact of the Pandemic on a Clinical Sample of Children in Trauma Treatment.

Unlabelled: Given the scope and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is not surprising that research has documented negative effects to youth's mental health. Yet, there is negligible research on the impact of the pandemic among clinical samples of youth receiving treatment for pre-existing trauma exposure and symptoms. The current study investigates COVID-19 as an index trauma, and if prior traumatic stress scores mediate the relationship between pandemic-related exposure and subsequent traumatic stress.

Using Project ECHO to Keep Professionals Well at Work: Individual and Organizational Outcomes.

Objective: The toll of COVID-19 stress on the mental health of the workforce has been well-documented. The present study examined the use of the Project ECHO framework to provide practices and resources on stress management and emotion regulation to increase individual and organizational health and well-being.

Methods: Three independent ECHOs were designed and conducted over an 18-month period.

Parenting stress and children's trauma symptoms over the course of TF-CBT: Examining differences between relative and foster/adoptive caregivers.

Background: Through Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), the gold standard in children's trauma treatment, caregivers participate in sessions parallel to the child. However, much of the research examining the impact of this caregiver involvement has focused on biological or relative caregivers, despite the high prevalence of trauma and trauma symptoms among youth in foster care and high rates of parenting stress among foster/adoptive caregivers.

Objective: The current study examined differences among relative and foster/adoptive caregivers' levels of parenting stress throughout the course of TF-CBT and how these differences were associated with child trauma symptoms throughout treatment.

Keeping children and youth in trauma treatment: Examination of an alliance building dropout management program.

Evidence-based treatments exist to address traumatic stress related symptoms for children, however dropout from trauma-focused treatment remains a concern. This study examined use of an alliance building dropout management program for a group of children ages 3-17 who received an evidence-based trauma-focused treatment. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between child gender, race, ethnicity, age, guardianship, externalizing behaviors, participation in a dropout management program and the dose of treatment received.

The impact of COVID-19 and experiences of secondary traumatic stress and burnout.

Objective: This study examines the relationships between multiple COVID-19 related stressors and experiences of secondary traumatic stress (STS) and burnout (BO).

Method: This sample (N = 550) of professionals and caregivers from a foster care system in the United States completed an online survey regarding their experiences of COVID-19 related stress in multiple domains (disruptions in routines, income/employment, food access, medical/mental health care access, access to social support, worries about COVID, family conflict/violence, and COVID diagnoses). The survey also included established measures of STS and BO.

Foster care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative analysis of caregiver and professional experiences.

Background: Research is needed to facilitate better understanding of how different groups have been impacted by COVID-19, especially those in already strained service systems such as foster care. These inquiries will support further response, recovery and preparedness efforts.

Objective: This qualitative study addressed how professionals and caregivers in foster care described being affected by COVID-19 in order to support future research and planning for foster care systems in this pandemic context.

Diagnostic and Translational Utility of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Clinical Algorithm (STS-CA).

Current tools available to assess secondary traumatic stress (STS) do not account for whether the symptoms are functionally related to indirect trauma, determine functional impairment caused by the STS symptoms, and/or consider the duration of the disturbance. This prevents delineation of various expressions of traumatic stress related to indirect trauma that may constitute the phenomenon of STS. The STS Clinical Algorithm (STS-CA) was developed to make these distinctions, so that interventions can be tailored to need.

Disseminating TF-CBT: A Mixed Methods Investigation of Clinician Perspectives and the Impact of Training Format and Formalized Problem-Solving Approaches on Implementation Outcomes.

Background: Trauma Focused-Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) has been established as an evidence-based treatment for youth with traumatic stress symptoms. The versatility of TF-CBT in conjunction with its established effectiveness has led to its widespread dissemination. However, dissemination efforts have not always translated into sustainability, which has prompted a more thorough investigation into those factors that impact implementation and encouraged the development of strategies that promote sustainability.

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Support, and the Perception of Ability to Work in Adults with Disability.

Objective: To examine the impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and support on self-reported work inability of adults reporting disability.

Participants: Adults (ages 18-64) who participated in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in 2009 or 2010 and who reported having a disability (n = 13,009).

Design And Main Outcome Measures: The study used a retrospective cohort design with work inability as the main outcome.

Grandparents Raising Grandchildren: A Synthetic Review and Theoretical Model for Interventions.

The number of custodial grandparents has increased significantly over the past decade. Building on Hayslip's and Kaminski's comprehensive review of the literature on custodial grandparenting, we conducted an updated review of the literature, in particular peer-reviewed journal articles published since 2004. We have developed a conceptual model to contribute to understanding the causes and consequences of custodial grandparenting, using the stress-coping framework while highlighting the emerging issues related to contemporary grandfamilies such as cultural and ethnic heterogeneity in grandfamilies.

The pathway to grandparenting stress: trauma, relational conflict, and emotional well-being.

Objectives: This paper examines the mediating effect of child-grandparent conflict on the relationship between child trauma exposure and grandparenting stress.

Methods: Data was collected from a sample of custodial grandparents who participated in kinship care or relative caregiving programs (n = 251). Grandparenting stress was measured with Parenting Stress Scale (Berry & Jones, 1995 ) modified for grandparents.