Atrial Cardiopathy: Redefining Stroke Risk Beyond Atrial Fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and ischemic stroke are dual epidemics in society, both associated with poor clinical outcomes, patient disability, and significant healthcare expenditure. The conditions are interrelated and share complex causal pathways. Risk stratification algorithms such as the CHADS and CHADS-VASc score offer predictive value in stroke and systemic embolism risk in the AF population, however, have limitations.