Nourishing Change in Houston, Texas: Exploring Grocery Shopping Behaviors and Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Among Low-Income Families in the Brighter Bites Program.

Objective: We qualitatively examine the grocery shopping behaviors and fruit and vegetable consumption of low-income families participating in the Brighter Bites program in Houston, Texas.

Design: We used a single-group observational study design. We used (1) purposive sampling of schools and (2) convenience sampling of parents/caregivers to recruit participants.

A New Method to Measure Ocular Surface Sensitivity: Repeatability and Reproducibility of the Liquid Jet Esthesiometer.

Objectives: To assess the reliability of the liquid jet esthesiometer (LJA) for measurement of corneal sensitivity.

Methods: Two separate studies were conducted to assess intrasession repeatability (study 1) and intersession reproducibility (study 2) of corneal sensitivity measured using the LJA. Thirty participants (13 female and 17 male participants, age 23±6 years) participated in study 1 and another 30 (18 female and 12 male participants, 35±10 years) participated in study 2.

primerForge: a Python program for identifying primer pairs capable of distinguishing groups of genomes from each other.

In both molecular epidemiology and microbial ecology, it is useful to be able to categorize specific strains of microorganisms in either an ingroup or an outgroup in a given population, e.g. to distinguish a pathogenic strain of interest from its non-virulent relatives.

Shining new light on naupliar eyes: A novel molecular phylogeny for Pleuromamma (Family: Metridinidae) and the characterization of luciferase and opsin expression.

Pleuromamma (Giesbrecht, 1898) is a cosmopolitan genus of metridinid copepods, with species that perform remarkable diel vertical migrations (DVM) and emit a bioluminescent secretion when disturbed that varies both spectrally and kinetically. Copepod bioluminescence is autogenic and uses luciferase enzymes that catalyze a luciferin, coelenterazine, to produce light. Pleuromamma possess naupliar eyes, relatively simple photosensitive structures used for many visually-guided behaviors.

Early biological markers of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

To understand the roles of acute-phase viral dynamics and host immune responses in post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), we enrolled 136 participants within 5 days of their first positive SARS-CoV-2 real-time PCR test. Participants self-collected up to 21 nasal specimens within the first 28 days post-symptom onset; interviewer-administered questionnaires and blood samples were collected at enrollment, days 9, 14, 21, 28, and month 4 and 8 post-symptom onset. Defining PASC as the presence of any COVID-associated symptom at their 4-month visit, we compared viral markers (quantity and duration of nasal viral RNA load, infectious viral load, and plasma N-antigen level) and host immune markers (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-α, IFN-γ, MCP, IP-10, and Spike IgG) over the acute period.

Adaptations to COVID-19 by US abortion clinics: Analysis of Society of Family Planning survey data.

Objective: Analyze changes in abortion practices during the early coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Study Design: Sites recruited by Society of Family Planning participated in a longitudinal descriptive analysis comprising three surveys between February and October 2020. Average monthly total and medication abortion volume was analyzed by χ and linear regression.

Are we being equitable enough? Lessons learned from sites lost in an implementation trial.

Background: There is a growing interest in practice-based implementation research, yet too often research prioritizes and is most successful in academic settings. During a national implementation trial to evaluate the effectiveness of Collaborative Care for co-occurring opioid use and mental health disorders, we lost three of our 11 participating implementation sites, all representing community sites.

Method: To better understand needed supports for implementation trial participation, we conducted exit interviews ( = 5) with key staff at these community sites.

Optimizing Patient Engagement in Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder: Primary Care Team Perspectives on Influencing Factors.

Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) care engagement rates in primary care (PC) settings are often low. Little is known about PC team experiences when delivering OUD treatment and potential factors that influence their capacity to engage patients in treatment. Exploring PC team experiences may inform needed supports that can optimize OUD care delivery and improve outcomes for patients with OUD.

Primary care team perspectives on approaches to engaging patients in treatment for opioid use disorder.

Introduction: Engagement is a critical component of successful treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). However, rates of patient engagement in OUD treatment, especially in outpatient settings, are variable and often low. Little is known about the specific strategies members of primary care teams use to initiate and encourage ongoing participation in OUD treatment.

Chemogenetic activation of arcuate nucleus NPY and NPY/AgRP neurons increases feeding behaviour in mice.

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) plays a crucial role in controlling energy homeostasis and feeding behaviour. The role of NPY neurons located in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (Arc) in responding to homeostatic signals has been the focus of much investigation, but most studies have used AgRP promoter-driven models, which do not fully encompass Arc NPY neurons. To directly investigate NPY-expressing versus AgRP-expressing Arc neurons function, we utilised chemogenetic techniques in NPY-Cre and AgRP-Cre animals to activate Arc NPY or AgRP neurons in the presence of food and food-related stimuli.

Telemedicine Follow-up After Medication Management of Early Pregnancy Loss.

Our objective was to evaluate the feasibility of a new protocol for telemedicine follow-up after medication management of early pregnancy loss. The study was designed to assess the feasibility of planned telemedicine follow-up after medication management of early pregnancy loss. We compared these follow-up rates with those after planned in-person follow-up of medication management of early pregnancy loss and planned telemedicine follow-up after medication abortion.

Receipt of Medications for Alcohol Use Disorder in the Veterans Health Administration: Comparison of Rates at the Intersections of Racialized and Ethnic Identity With Both Sex and Transgender Status.

Objectives: Medications for alcohol use disorder (MAUDs) are recommended for patients with alcohol use disorder yet are underprescribed. Consistent with Minority Stress and Intersectionality theories, persons with multiple sociodemographically marginalized identities (eg, Black women) often experience greater barriers to care and have poorer health outcomes. We use data from the Veterans Health Administration to assess disparities in Federal Drug Administration (FDA)-approved MAUDs and all effective MAUDs between the following groups: racialized and ethnic identity, sex, transgender status, and their intersections.

Outbreak of multidrug-resistant infections in people linked to pig ear pet treats, United States, 2015-2019: results of a multistate investigation.

Background: International distribution of contaminated foods can be a source of infections in people and can contribute to the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria across countries. We report an investigation led by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and state governmental officials into a multistate outbreak of salmonellosis linked to pig ear pet treats.

Methods: Pig ear treats and companion dogs were tested for by state officials and the FDA.

Intranasal respiratory syncytial virus vaccine attenuated by codon-pair deoptimization of seven open reading frames is genetically stable and elicits mucosal and systemic immunity and protection against challenge virus replication in hamsters.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important viral agent of severe pediatric respiratory illness worldwide, but there is no approved pediatric vaccine. Here, we describe the development of the live-attenuated RSV vaccine candidate Min AL as well as engineered derivatives. Min AL was attenuated by codon-pair deoptimization (CPD) of seven of the 11 RSV open reading frames (ORFs) (NS1, NS2, N, P, M, SH and L; 2,073 silent nucleotide substitutions in total).

Abnormal p53 expression is associated with poor outcomes in grade I or II, stage I, endometrioid carcinoma: a retrospective single-institute study.

Objective: The Cancer Genome Atlas study revealed an association between copy-number high (p53 abnormal) genetic mutation and poor prognosis in endometrial cancer in 2013. This retrospective study investigated outcomes in patients with abnormal p53 expression and stage I, low-grade endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC).

Methods: We enrolled women with stage I, grade 1 or 2 EEC who received comprehensive staging and adjuvant therapy between January 2019 and December 2022 at MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Pain Care Disparities and the Use of Virtual Care Among Racial-Ethnic Minority Groups During COVID-19.

Background And Objective: COVID-19 led to an unprecedented reliance on virtual modalities to maintain care continuity for patients living with chronic pain. We examined whether there were disparities in virtual specialty pain care for racial-ethnic minority groups during COVID-19.

Design And Participants: This was a retrospective national cohort study with two comparison groups: primary care patients with chronic pain seen immediately prior to COVID-19 (3/1/19-2/29/20) (N = 1,649,053) and a cohort of patients seen in the year prior (3/1/18-2/28-19; n = 1,536,954).

Inguinal nodal metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) detected 7 years before the diagnosis of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma: A case report.

Objective: Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of inguinal lymph node region with unknown origin is a rare condition. A patient was diagnosed to have vulvar SCC 7 years after the initial diagnosis of inguinal nodal metastatic SCC of unknown primary.

Case Report: A 59-year-old woman with metastatic SCC of unknown origin in the right inguinal lymph node underwent tumor resection and no evidence of residual disease or possible tumor origin was detected after the surgery and a comprehensive work-up.

Multistate nontyphoidal and Shiga toxin-producing outbreaks linked to international travel-United States, 2017-2020.

Enteric bacterial infections are common among people who travel internationally. During 2017-2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention investigated 41 multistate outbreaks of nontyphoidal and Shiga toxin-producing linked to international travel. Resistance to one or more antimicrobial agents was detected in at least 10% of isolates in 16 of 30 (53%) nontyphoidal outbreaks and 8 of 11 (73%) Shiga toxin-producing outbreaks evaluated by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System.

Perspectives of clinical stakeholders and patients from four VA liver clinics to tailor practice facilitation for implementing evidence-based alcohol-related care.

Background: Unhealthy alcohol use (UAU) is particularly dangerous for people with chronic liver disease. Liver clinics may be an important setting in which to provide effective alcohol-related care by integrating evidence-based strategies, such as brief intervention and medications for alcohol use disorder. We conducted qualitative interviews with clinical stakeholders and patients at liver clinics in four Veterans Health Administration (VA) medical centers to understand barriers and facilitators of integrating alcohol-related care and to support tailoring of a practice facilitation implementation intervention.

Antimicrobial resistance in multistate outbreaks of nontyphoidal infections linked to animal contact-United States, 2015-2018.

Animal contact is an established risk factor for nontyphoidal infections and outbreaks. During 2015-2018, the U.S.

Military Sexual Trauma As a Risk Factor for Treatment Non-Response from an Online, Self-Management Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Treatment for Women Veterans.

Women veterans are exposed to high rates of trauma, including military sexual trauma (MST), and face unique barriers to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment. Telehealth interventions that are tailored to women veterans' unique lived experiences may improve treatment engagement and outcomes. It is important to ascertain how beneficial new telehealth interventions are in the context of different patient characteristics and trauma types, particularly for lower-intensity telehealth interventions (e.