Association Between Gender and Salary Among Pediatric Hospital Medicine Physicians.

Objectives: Gender-based disparities in salary exist in multiple fields of medicine. However, there is limited data examining gender inequities in salary in pediatric hospital medicine (PHM). Our primary objective was to assess whether gender-based salary differences exist in PHM.

Gender Communication Differences on a Pediatric Provider Listserv.

Background And Objectives: Gender-based communication differences are described in educational online communities, but have not been rigorously evaluated in medical online communities. Understanding gender differences in communication may provide insight into gender disparities in the medical profession. Our objective was to describe gender differences in post frequency, content, and language styles on the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Hospital Medicine (SOHM) listserv.

Gender and work-life balance: Results of a national survey of pediatric hospitalists.

Unlabelled: In medicine, difficulty integrating work and home can lead to decreased job satisfaction, diminished well-being, and increased turnover. Understanding the experience of pediatric hospitalists can provide insights into building a stable, long-term workforce. We aim to examine gender differences in work-life balance and parental leave for physicians practicing Pediatric Hospital Medicine.

System-Wide Change Is Essential to Value the Contributions of Women in Medicine and Science.

The persistent and pervasive gender gap in health care is a fact backed by data, science, and evidence. This editorial aims to describe some of the challenges that continue to persist. Many of the strategies outlined can be implemented both locally and nationally to effect meaningful change and work toward closing the existing gender gap in health care.

Clinical Course of Children 1 to 24 Months Old With Positive Urine Cultures Without Pyuria.

Objective: To describe the clinical course of children with positive urine cultures without pyuria who were not given antibiotics initially, identify predictors of subsequent antibiotic treatment, and evaluate the association between subsequent treatment and urinary tract infection (UTI) within 30 days.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of children 1 to 24 months old who had positive urine cultures without pyuria and who were not started on antibiotics upon presentation to 3 health care systems from 2010 to 2021. Outcomes included clinical status at the time urine cultures resulted, escalation of care (emergency department visit or hospitalization) and subsequent antibiotic treatment within 7 days, and subsequent UTI within 30 days of presentation.

Five Strategies Leaders in Academic Medicine Can Implement Now to Enhance Gender Equity.

Abundant disparities for women in medicine contribute to many women physicians considering leaving medicine. There is a strong financial and ethical case for leaders in academic medicine to focus on strategies to improve retention. This article focuses on five immediate actions that leaders can take to enhance gender equity and improve career satisfaction for all members of the workplace.

Exercise in People With Cancer: A Spotlight on Energy Regulation and Cachexia.

Exercise is increasingly becoming a standard of cancer care, with well-documented benefits for patients including improved mental wellbeing and reduced treatment-related side effects. However, important gaps in knowledge remain about how to optimise exercise prescription for people with cancer. Importantly, it remains unclear how exercise affects the progression of cancer cachexia (a wasting disease stemming from energy imbalance, and a common manifestation of advanced malignant disease), particularly once the condition has already developed.

Gender Distribution of Scholarship and Measures of National Recognition in Hospital Medicine.

Objective: Our specific aim was to assess the gender distribution of aspects of scholarly productivity and professional standing for pediatric hospital medicine over a 5-year period. We also evaluated for correlation between the makeup of editorial boards, conference planning committees, and chosen content.

Methods: We reviewed scholarly publications, presentations, editorial boards, planning committees, awardees, and society leadership in pediatric hospital medicine from 2015 to 2019 and determined gender using published methods to assess for differences between observed proportions of women authors and presenters and the proportion of women in the field.

Gender Distribution in Pediatric Hospital Medicine Leadership.

Pediatric Hospital Medicine (PHM), a field early in its development and with a robust pipeline of women, is in a unique position to lead the way in gender equity. We describe the proportion of women in divisional and fellowship leadership positions at university-based PHM programs (n = 142). When compared with the PHM field at large, women appear to be underrepresented as PHM division/program leaders (70% vs 55%; P< .

Sustainability of a Clinical Examination-Based Approach for Ascertainment of Early-Onset Sepsis in Late Preterm and Term Neonates.

We demonstrated the sustained impact over a 5-year period of a clinical examination-based approach to identification of early-onset sepsis in late preterm and term neonates at our hospital. To date, more than 20 000 neonates have been safely managed using this approach, resulting in a 63% reduction in antibiotic use.

Ethnic variability in post-mastectomy breast reconstruction in Counties Manukau District Health Board in 2017: a retrospective review.

Background: Post-mastectomy breast reconstruction (PMBR) is associated with greater quality of life and psychological well-being. However, rates of PMBR may not be equivalent across all ethnicities which contributes to disparities in health outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients diagnosed with breast cancer between 1 January and 31 December 2017 at Counties Manukau District Health Board (CMDHB) was performed.

Management of Chorioamnionitis-Exposed Infants in the Newborn Nursery Using a Clinical Examination-Based Approach.

Background: Antibiotic use in well-appearing late preterm and term chorioamnionitis-exposed (CE) infants was reduced by 88% after the adoption of a care approach that was focused on clinical monitoring in the intensive care nursery to determine the need for antibiotics. However, this approach continued to separate mothers and infants. We aimed to reduce maternal-infant separation while continuing to use a clinical examination-based approach to identify early-onset sepsis (EOS) in CE infants.

Clinical Monitoring of Well-Appearing Infants Born to Mothers With Chorioamnionitis.

Background: The risk of early-onset sepsis is low in well-appearing late-preterm and term infants even in the setting of chorioamnionitis. The empirical antibiotic strategies for chorioamnionitis-exposed infants that are recommended by national guidelines result in antibiotic exposure for numerous well-appearing, uninfected infants. We aimed to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use in chorioamnionitis-exposed infants through the implementation of a treatment approach that focused on clinical presentation to determine the need for antibiotics.