Rapid stimulation of protein synthesis in digesting snakes: Unveiling a novel gut-pancreas-muscle axis.

Aim: Snakes exhibit remarkable physiological shifts when their large meals induce robust postprandial growth after prolonged fasting. To understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying this rapid metabolic transition, we examined the regulation of protein synthesis in pythons, focusing on processes driving early postprandial tissue remodeling and growth.

Methods: Using the SUnSET method with puromycin labeling, we measured in vivo protein synthesis in fasting and digesting snakes at multiple post-feeding intervals.

Impact of TCF7L2 rs7903146 on clinical presentation and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aims: TCF7L2 rs7903146 is the most impactful single genetic risk variant for type 2 diabetes. However, its role on disease progression, complications and mortality among people with type 2 diabetes at diagnosis remains unclear.

Materials And Methods: We assessed the per allele impact of the rs7903146 T-allele on clinical characteristics and complication risk in 9231 individuals with type 2 diabetes at diagnosis and over a 10-year follow-up period.

YKL-40, cardiovascular events, and mortality in individuals recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes: A Danish cohort study.

Aims: We investigated the association of the inflammatory biomarker YKL-40 with cardiovascular events (CVEs) and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We followed 11,346 individuals recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for up to 14 years. Baseline YKL-40 levels (measured in 9,010 individuals) were grouped into percentiles (0-33 %, 34-66 %, 67-90 %, and 91-100 %) and analyzed continuously (per 1 SD log increment), with comparisons to CRP (measured in 9,644 individuals).

Elevated risk of infection in individuals with hyperinsulinaemic type 2 diabetes: a Danish 12 year cohort study.

Aims/hypothesis: A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying an elevated infection risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes is needed to guide risk stratification and prevention. We investigated the risk of infection in subgroups of individuals with type 2 diabetes according to indices of insulin sensitivity and beta cell function.

Methods: We classified 7265 individuals with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes (median duration 1.

The Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes (DD2) Project Cohort and Biobank from 2010 Through 2023-A Cohort Profile Update.

Purpose: This paper provides an overview of the Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes (DD2) cohort and biobank, including baseline characteristics of participants enrolled up to 2023, and post-enrollment rates of cardiovascular disease outcomes and mortality.

Methods: Since 2010, the DD2 project has enrolled individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) recently diagnosed by general practitioners and by hospital-based clinicians across Denmark. Data from questionnaires, clinical examinations, and biological samples are collected at enrollment.

Daily physical activity and prognostic implications in patients with heart failure: an accelerometer study.

Background: Physical activity (PA) measured by accelerometry is proposed as a novel trial endpoint for heart failure (HF). However, standardised methods and associations with established markers are lacking. This study aimed to examine PA measurements and accelerometer repeatability in patients with HF and age- and sex-matched controls, and study correlations with established prognostic HF markers, body composition, and quality of life (QoL).

Screening for depression in patients with epilepsy: What are the benefits for physicians and patients in the real-life setting.

Objective: Screening for depression in people with epilepsy (PWE) is highly recommended in order to avoid underdiagnosis, misdiagnosis, or delayed diagnosis of this highly impacting comorbidity. Here we evaluated the impact of reporting and suggesting depression via the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) on medical decision-making, and thereby the value of a depression screening for good medical practice.

Methods: Of 445 BDI data sets, PWE with scores indicating moderate (BDI 19-29) to severe depressive disorder (BDI >29) were extracted and clinical reports were retrospectively reviewed regarding decisions on antidepressants, anti-seizure medications (ASMs), and non-pharmaceutical interventions.

The challenges of assessing adiposity in a clinical setting.

To tackle the burden of obesity-induced cardiometabolic disease, the scientific community relies on accurate and reproducible adiposity measurements in the clinic. These measurements guide our understanding of underlying biological mechanisms and clinical outcomes of human trials. However, measuring adiposity and adipose tissue distribution in a clinical setting can be challenging, and different measurement methods pose important limitations.

Effectiveness of the Hypertension Screening Corner in Enhancing the Cascade of Care at Primary Healthcare Center Level: Evidence from Zambezia, Mozambique.

Background: Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease, whose death burden is dramatically increasing in sub-Saharan Africa. To curb its effects, early diagnosis and effective follow-up are essential. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the impact of a hypertension screening corner on the hypertension care cascade at the primary healthcare level.

INfluenza VaccInation To mitigate typE 1 Diabetes (INVITED): a study protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in children and adolescents with recent-onset type 1 diabetes.

Introduction: Children and adolescents with recent-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) commonly maintain a certain level of insulin production during the remission phase, which can last months to years. Preserving β-cell function can reduce T1D complications and improve glycaemic control. Influenza vaccination has pleiotropic effects and administration of the vaccine during the early phases of T1D may offer β-cell protection.

Cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, diabetes, and longevity: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Context: Cardiorespiratory fitness, commonly assessed as maximal volume of oxygen consumption (VO2max), has emerged as an important predictor of morbidity and mortality.

Objective: We investigated the causality and directionality of the associations of VO2max with body composition, physical activity, diabetes, performance enhancers, and longevity.

Methods: Using publicly available summary statistics from the largest genome-wide association studies publicly available, we conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Low birthweight in patients with type 2 diabetes is associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular events and mortality.

Aims/hypothesis: Low birthweight is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and CVD. This prospective cohort study investigated whether lower birthweight increases CVD risk after diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Original midwife records were evaluated for 8417 participants recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in the Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes (DD2) cohort.

ALM/BMI: A Clinically Superior Index for Identifying Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Patients With Heart Failure.

Background: Skeletal muscle wasting is critical in patients with heart failure (HF). Whereas prior studies have employed appendicular lean mass (ALM) normalized by height squared to identify low skeletal muscle mass, the potential of ALM normalized to body mass index (ALM/BMI) remains unexplored in patients with HF. In this study, we compared the use of 2 skeletal muscle mass indices in patients with HF to examine their sex-specific correlations with measures of physical capacity, quality of life, and daily physical activity.

Impaired skeletal muscle regeneration in diabetes: From cellular and molecular mechanisms to novel treatments.

Diabetes represents a major public health concern with a considerable impact on human life and healthcare expenditures. It is now well established that diabetes is characterized by a severe skeletal muscle pathology that limits functional capacity and quality of life. Increasing evidence indicates that diabetes is also one of the most prevalent disorders characterized by impaired skeletal muscle regeneration, yet underlying mechanisms and therapeutic treatments remain poorly established.

Low-grade inflammation in persons with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes: The role of abdominal adiposity and putative mediators.

Aims: To determine the magnitude of the association between abdominal adiposity and low-grade inflammation in persons with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to determine to what extent this association is mediated by low physical activity level, hyperinsulinaemia, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and comorbidities.

Materials And Methods: We measured waist circumference, clinical characteristics, and inflammatory markers i.e.

Four weeks SGLT2 inhibition improves beta cell function and glucose tolerance without affecting muscle free fatty acid or glucose uptake in subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Aims: Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibition lowers glucose levels independently of insulin, leading to reduced insulin secretion and increased lipolysis, resulting in elevated circulating free fatty acids (FFAs). While SGLT2 inhibition improves tissue insulin sensitivity, the increase in circulating FFAs could reduce insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle and the liver. We aimed to investigate the effects of SGLT2 inhibition on substrate utilization in skeletal muscle and the liver and to measure beta-cell function and glucose tolerance.

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Research, like any other sector, has an effect on climate and is exposed for waste both societal and economic. There is evidence for possible improvements when keeping focus on study design, patient inclusion, transport, and reporting. However, there is a need for further national and international research.

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Research indicates that climate change may affect the mental health of humans, especially the younger generations. Consequently, new terms have emerged, including climate anxiety, climate grief, and solastalgia. Clinicians need to learn more about these conditions.

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The importance of nature for human health has received increasing attention in recent years and is at the focus of this review. Research has shown benefits for physical, mental, and social health as well as for the climate. Nature-based health interventions have already been partly implemented in social care and in the healthcare system.