Comparison of double chevron-cut and biplanar distal femoral osteotomy techniques: A biomechanical study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the stability and mechanical properties of the double chevron-cut (DCC) and biplanar (BP) distal femoral osteotomy (DFO) techniques, along with analyzing their respective contact surface areas.

Methods: Biomechanical testing was performed using sawbone and 3D modeling techniques to assess axial and torsional stability, torsional stiffness, and maximum torque of both osteotomy configurations. Additionally, 3D models of the sawbone femur were created to calculate and compare the contact surface area of the DCC, BP, and conventional single-plane DFO techniques.

Building a Predictive PBPK Model for Human OATP Substrates: a Strategic Framework for Early Evaluation of Clinical Pharmacokinetic Variations Using Pitavastatin as an Example.

To select a drug candidate for clinical development, accurately and promptly predicting human pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles, assessing drug-drug interactions (DDIs), and anticipating potential PK variations in disease populations are crucial steps in drug discovery. The complexity of predicting human PK significantly increases when hepatic transporters are involved in drug clearance (CL) and volume of distribution (V). A strategic framework is developed here, utilizing pitavastatin as an example.

The benefits of a percutaneous supplemental screw to reinforce the hinge of a medial open wedge tibial osteotomy.

Introduction: Our earlier studies reported that an additional lag screw placed from the opposite side increases the stability of the fixation construct in medial open wedge high tibia osteotomy (MOWHTO). The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical relevance of the use of a supplemental screw with immediate post-operative full weight-bearing and its benefits in terms of functional outcome, radiographic outcome and complications.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was performed comparing the historical cohort (MOWHTO without opposite screw) (group A) with the current cohort (MOWHTO with opposite screw) (group B).

Boosted Tree Ensembles for Artificial Intelligence Based Automated Valuation Models (AI-AVM).

This paper develops an artificial intelligence based automated valuation model (AI-AVM) using the boosting tree ensemble technique to predict housing prices in Singapore. We use more than 300,000 private and public housing transactions in Singapore for the period from 1995 to 2017 in the training of the AI-AVM models. The boosting model is the best predictive model that produce the most robust and accurate predictions for housing prices compared to the decision tree and multiple regression analysis (MRA) models.

Inhaled remdesivir reduces viral burden in a nonhuman primate model of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Remdesivir (RDV) is a nucleotide analog prodrug with demonstrated clinical benefit in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In October 2020, the US FDA approved intravenous (IV) RDV as the first treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, RDV has been approved or authorized for emergency use in more than 50 countries.

Patient-Specific Instrument Guided Double Chevron-Cut Distal Femur Osteotomy.

The risk of non-union and prolonged periods of protected weight-bearing still remain unsolved issues after distal femur osteotomy (DFO). To improve the stability, we developed the double chevron-cut technique, which is a modified medial closing-wedge DFO guided by a patient-specific instrument. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and outcome of this operative approach.

Identification of a Proteomic Signature of Senescence in Primary Human Mammary Epithelial Cells.

Senescence is a permanent cell cycle arrest that occurs in response to cellular stress and promotes age-related disease. Because senescence differs greatly depending on cell type and senescence inducer, continued progress in the characterization of senescent cells is needed. Here, we analyzed primary human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs), a model system for aging and cancer, using mass spectrometry-based proteomics.

Significantly reducing blood loss via a peri-articular injection of tranexamic acid during total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective study.

Background: The administration of an intra-articular injection (IAI) of tranexamic acid (TXA) has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing both blood loss and transfusion rate during total knee arthroplasty (TKA); however, few studies have reported the efficiency of a peri-articular injection (PAI) of TXA. We studied the efficiency of a PAI of TXA in reducing blood loss during TKA.

Methods: Fifty patients undergoing primary simultaneous bilateral TKA were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Biomechanical evaluation of high tibial osteotomy plate with internal support block using finite element analysis.

Background/objective: High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a common treatment for medial knee arthrosis. However, a high rate of complications associated with a plate and a significant loss of correction have been reported. Therefore, an internal support block (ISB) is designed to enhance the initial stability of the fixation device that is important for successful bone healing and maintenance of the correction angle of the osteotomy site.

Defining Best Practices for Interhospital Transfers.

Introduction: Interhospital transfers (IHT) are important yet high-risk transitions in care. Variable IHT processes and a lack of clarity around best practice may contribute to risk. To define the best practice principles for IHTs and identify improvement opportunities in the transfer process to our hospital's Cardiology services.

A supplemental screw enhances the biomechanical stability in medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Background: The supplemental screw technique was introduced for salvage of lateral hinge fracture in medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (owHTO). The efficacy of its use in protection of lateral hinge fracture and corresponding biomechanical behaviors remained unclear. The current study was aimed to clarify if a supplemental screw can provide better protection to lateral hinge in biomechanical perspective.

Association between procedure appropriateness and patient-reported outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objective: The Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) has been used to identify individuals who are likely to benefit from percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for stable ischaemic heart disease. However, whether physicians reliably grade PCI appropriateness and whether AUC categories stratify symptomatic improvement in real-world practice are unclear.

Methods: Patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) for angina (Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ-7)), dyspnoea (Rose Dyspnea Scale (RDS)) and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2)) were collected on patients undergoing elective coronary angiography at an academic medical centre.

Cardiac arrest in the intensive care unit: An assessment of preventability.

Aim: Cardiac arrest in the intensive care unit (ICU-CA) is a common and highly morbid event. We investigated the preventability of ICU-CAs and identified targets for future intervention.

Methods: This was a prospective, observational study of ICU-CAs at a tertiary care center in the United States.

On-call transthoracic echocardiographic interpretation by first year cardiology fellows: comparison with attending cardiologists.

Background: Transthoracic echocardiograms (TTE) performed and interpreted by cardiology fellows during off-duty hours are critical to patient care, however limited data exist on their interpretive accuracy. Our aims were to determine the discordance rate between TTEs performed and interpreted by cardiology fellows and National Board of Echocardiography certified attending cardiologists and to identify factors associated with discordance.

Methods: Consecutive on-call TTEs acquired and interpreted by 1st year cardiology fellows over 4.

Inhibition of nucleotide synthesis promotes replicative senescence of human mammary epithelial cells.

Cellular senescence is a mechanism by which cells permanently withdraw from the cell cycle in response to stresses including telomere shortening, DNA damage, or oncogenic signaling. Senescent cells contribute to both age-related degeneration and hyperplastic pathologies, including cancer. In culture, normal human epithelial cells enter senescence after a limited number of cell divisions, known as replicative senescence.

Pancreatic Cancer Gene Therapy Delivered by Nanoparticles.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal forms of cancer and has proven to be difficult to treat through conventional methods, including surgery and chemotherapy. Gene therapy serves as a potential novel treatment to interfere with genes that make this cancer so aggressive, but free nucleic acids have low cell uptake due to their negative charge and are unstable in circulation. Nanoparticles can serve as an effective carrier for a wide variety of gene therapies for pancreatic cancer as they can improve the circulation time, decrease the recognition by the immune system, and be functionalized to target specific surface proteins.

Chest Pain During Chemotherapy: A Case of Severe Myocardial Bridging.

A cancer patient presented with acute chest pain at rest 40 hours after IV fluorouracil infusion. Angiography showed evidence of myocardial bridging.

Clinical Experience Using a 3D-Printed Patient-Specific Instrument for Medial Opening Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy.

Purpose: High tibial osteotomy (HTO) has been adopted as an effective surgery for medial degeneration of the osteoarthritis (OA) knee. However, satisfactory outcomes necessitate the precise creation and distraction of osteotomized wedges and the use of intraoperative X-ray images to continually monitor the wedge-related manipulation. Thus HTO is highly technique-demanding and has a high radiation exposure.

Importance of a moderate plate-to-bone distance for the functioning of the far cortical locking system.

The far cortical locking (FCL) system, a novel bridge-plating technique, aims to deliver controlled and symmetric interfragmentary motion for a potential uniform callus distribution. However, clinical data for the practical use of this system are limited. The current study investigated the biomechanical effect of a locking plate/far cortical locking construct on a simulated comminuted diaphyseal fracture of the synthetic bones at different distance between the plate and the bone.

Safety and effectiveness of zotarolimus-eluting stents for percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review.

Drug-eluting stents revolutionized the treatment of coronary artery disease with vastly improved outcomes compared with bare metal stents. As stent technology has evolved, a wide variety of antiproliferative drugs have been developed to prevent stent restenosis and stent thrombosis. The Resolute stent system (Medtronic, CA, USA) elutes zotarolimus from a multipolymer blend to prevent early and late stent-related complications.

Morphometric Analysis of the Clavicles in Chinese Population.

The clavicle has a complex geometry that makes plate fixation technically difficult. . One hundred clavicles were analyzed.

Measurement of Tip Apex Distance and Migration of Lag Screws and Novel Blade Screw Used for the Fixation of Intertrochanteric Fractures.

Fixation with a dynamic hip screw (DHS) is one of the most common methods for stabilizing intertrochanteric fractures, except for unstable and reverse oblique fracture types. However, failure is often observed in osteoporotic patients whereby the lag screw effectively 'cuts out' through the weak bone. Novel anti-migration blades have been developed to be used in combination with a lag screw ('Blade Screw') to improve the fixation strength in osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures.

Improving value-add work and satisfaction in medical residents training: a resident-led quality improvement project employing the lean method to improve hospital supply usage.

Purpose: Our hospital has a Housestaff Quality Council that fosters education and mentorship of medical residents for quality improvement methodologies. Medical residents on our council identified non-standardised storage rooms as a source of medical resident inefficiency and dissatisfaction. To improve value-add work, medical residents implemented and evaluated a quality improvement project of storage room supplies using the lean method.