Second-Generation Differential Tissue Harmonic Imaging Improves the Visualization of Renal Lesions.

Objectives: To compare to three nonlinear imaging techniques to conventional, grayscale ultrasound imaging of renal lesions.

Methods: Twenty adults with a known renal lesion and a body mass index >25 kg/m were enrolled in this prospective, institutional review board approved study. Each subject was imaged with an Aplio 500 scanner (Canon Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) using grayscale ultrasound, tissue harmonic imaging (THI) and two dual-frequency, differential tissue harmonic imaging modes (DTHI and DTHI-II, respectively).

Effect of iron chelators on methemoglobin and thrombin preconditioning.

Cell loss immediately adjacent to an intracerebral hemorrhage may be mediated in part by the toxicities of extracellular hemoglobin (Hb) and thrombin. However, at low concentrations, these proteins induce tolerance to hemin and iron that may limit further peri-hematomal injury as erythrocyte lysis progresses. The mechanisms mediating these preconditioning effects have not been completely defined, but increased expression of both heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and iron binding proteins likely contributes.