Atypical presentation of livedo racemosa in a factor V Leiden heterozygous positive patient with Pseudomonas aeruginosa urosepsis.

Impairment of the protein C pathway, detectable by reduced plasma levels of activated protein C (APC), are risk factors for venous thrombosis. Activated protein C maintains clotting homeostasis by regulation of pro-coagulant factors Va and VIIIa. Both infection and the factor V Leiden mutation reduce the formation of APC from protein C in the blood.

Pressure-induced localised granuloma annulare following use of an elbow splint.

Background: Granuloma annulare is a benign, inflammatory skin disorder with no distinct aetiology or widely accepted pathogenic process. Case description and Methods: We report a case of a 71-year old female with a 4-year history of an erythematous annulopapular lesion to the lateral aspect of her right forearm from a pressure pleat ridge in a high-density polyethylene plastic elbow orthosis to immobilise a prior radial head fracture. Morphological and histopathological assessment was consistent for granuloma annulare.