Validation and performance of the sleep inertia questionnaire in central disorders of hypersomnolence.

Background: Optimal measurement tools for problematic sleep inertia, common in some central disorders of hypersomnolence (CDH), have not yet been determined. We evaluated the performance of the Sleep Inertia Questionnaire (SIQ) in CDH, and how well it distinguished hypersomnolent groups from controls, and IH (idiopathic hypersomnia) from narcolepsy type 1 (NT1).

Methods: This prospective, bi-centric study included 63 control, 84 IH, 16 NT1, 18 narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), and 88 subjective excessive daytime sleepiness (sEDS) participants, using ICSD-3 criteria.

State of the science and recommendations for using wearable technology in sleep and circadian research.

Wearable sleep-tracking technology is of growing use in the sleep and circadian fields, including for applications across other disciplines, inclusive of a variety of disease states. Patients increasingly present sleep data derived from their wearable devices to their providers and the ever-increasing availability of commercial devices and new-generation research/clinical tools has led to the wide adoption of wearables in research, which has become even more relevant given the discontinuation of the Philips Respironics Actiwatch. Standards for evaluating the performance of wearable sleep-tracking devices have been introduced and the available evidence suggests that consumer-grade devices exceed the performance of traditional actigraphy in assessing sleep as defined by polysomnogram.

Associations of sleep duration and daytime sleepiness with plasma amyloid beta and cognitive performance in cognitively unimpaired, middle-aged and older African Americans.

Study Objectives: Given the established racial disparities in both sleep health and dementia risk for African American populations, we assess cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of self-report sleep duration (SRSD) and daytime sleepiness with plasma amyloid beta (Aβ) and cognition in an African American (AA) cohort.

Methods: In a cognitively unimpaired sample drawn from the African Americans Fighting Alzheimer's in Midlife (AA-FAiM) study, data on SRSD, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, demographics, and cognitive performance were analyzed. Aβ40, Aβ42, and the Aβ42/40 ratio were quantified from plasma samples.

Associations between time zone changes, travel distance and performance: A retrospective analysis of 2013-2020 National Hockey League Data.

Objectives: Many studies have investigated the role that travel plays in athletic performance. However, these studies lacked a holistic representation of travel. For instance, they do not consider travel distance and uniquely focuses on travel direction.

Associations of circadian change, travel distance, and their interaction with basketball performance: a retrospective analysis of 2014-2018 National Basketball Association data.

This investigation aimed to clarify the influence of circadian change and travel distance on National Basketball Association (NBA) team performance using a dataset from the 2014-2018 seasons. Data from 9,840 games were acquired from an open-access source. Game point differential and team free-throw percentage served as outcome variables.

Associations of school night sleep duration and circadian preference with middle school-aged student attendance, tardiness, and suspension.

Objectives: Research has associated both school night sleep duration (SNSD) and circadian preference (CP) with middle school-aged students' attendance and tardiness, but the interaction between these characteristics remains unexplored within this context, along with the impact of SNSD and CP on school suspension likelihood. Thus, this study investigated associations between SNSD, CP, and their interaction with middle school-aged student attendance, tardiness, and suspension, while accounting for sociodemographic characteristics.

Participants: About 4175 students from 12 middle schools in the Madison, Wisconsin, Metropolitan School District.

PAX8/PAX8-AS1 DNA methylation levels are associated with objective sleep duration in persons with unexplained hypersomnolence using a deep phenotyping approach.

Study Objectives: Patients with unexplained hypersomnolence have significant impairment related to daytime sleepiness and excessive sleep duration, the biological bases of which are poorly understood. This investigation sought to examine relationships between objectively measured hypersomnolence phenotypes and epigenetic modification of candidate hypersomnolence genes to advance this line of inquiry.

Methods: Twenty-eight unmedicated clinical patients with unexplained hypersomnolence were evaluated using overnight ad libitum polysomnography, multiple sleep latency testing, infrared pupillometry, and the psychomotor vigilance task.

Multimodal assessment increases objective identification of hypersomnolence in patients referred for multiple sleep latency testing.

Study Objectives: The multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) has limitations when evaluating disorders of hypersomnolence with unknown etiology. Alternative measures of hypersomnolence may objectively identify pathology in patients with complaints of daytime sleepiness that may not be captured by the MSLT alone. This study evaluated the impact of a multimodal hypersomnolence assessment relative to MSLT in patients with unexplained hypersomnolence.

Potential Maladaptive Sleep-Related Cognitions in Depression with Comorbid Hypersomnolence: An Exploratory Investigation.

: Dysfunctional sleep-related cognitions (SRCs) have been demonstrated in both insomnia and depression, but have not been evaluated in patients experiencing depression with co-occurring hypersomnolence. Given the prominence of maladaptive thinking in depression with comorbid insomnia, dysfunctional SRCs may also exist in depressed persons experiencing hypersomnolence. Identifying potentially maladaptive SRCs may assist development of cognitive-behavioral strategies to alleviate hypersomnolence and its related impairment, particularly when comorbid with depression.

Development and validation of the Hypersomnia Severity Index (HSI): A measure to assess hypersomnia severity and impairment in psychiatric disorders.

Hypersomnia is common in psychiatric disorders, yet there are few self-report measures that adequately characterize this sleep disturbance. The objective of this study was to validate the Hypersomnia Severity Index (HSI), a tool designed to measure severity, distress and impairment of hypersomnia in psychiatric populations. Psychometric properties were evaluated in an undergraduate Scale Development sample (N = 381) and two psychiatric Scale Validation samples: euthymic bipolar participants with a range of sleep complaints (N = 89), and unmedicated unipolar depressed participants (N = 21) meeting operational criteria for hypersomnolence disorder.

Optimizing Actigraphic Estimation of Sleep Duration in Suspected Idiopathic Hypersomnia.

Study Objectives: To determine the optimal Actiwatch 2 setting configuration for the estimation of total sleep time (TST) in persons with suspected idiopathic hypersomnia.

Methods: Thirty-three patients with a diagnosis of idiopathic hypersomnia (28 female; mean age = 33.7 ± 10.

Establishing the objective sleep phenotype in hypersomnolence disorder with and without comorbid major depression.

Study Objectives: To clarify whether hypersomnolence disorder is associated with a specific sleep phenotype and altered neurophysiological function in persons with and without hypersomnolence disorder and major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: Eighty-three unmedicated persons with and without hypersomnolence disorder and/or MDD underwent ad libitum high-density EEG polysomnography. Clinical and sleep architecture variables were compared between groups.

Utility of the Compensatory Tracking Task for Objective Differentiation of Hypersomnolence in Depression: A High-Density EEG Investigation.

Hypersomnolence is a common and debilitating symptom in mood disorders. However, objective differentiation of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) from non-EDS in depression has not yet been achieved. This study compared performance on the Compensatory Tracking Task (CTT) and concurrently-recorded high-density (hd)EEG theta power in 22 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and co-occurring EDS against 22 age- and sex-matched patients with MDD but no EDS, as well as 22 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

Ability of the Fitbit Alta HR to quantify and classify sleep in patients with suspected central disorders of hypersomnolence: A comparison against polysomnography.

Measuring sleep duration and early onset rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) is critical in the assessment of suspected central disorders of hypersomnolence (CDH). Current multi-sensor activity trackers that integrate accelerometry and heart rate are purported to accurately quantify sleep time and REMS; however, their utility in suspected CDH has not been established. This investigation aimed to determine the ability of a current, multi-sensor tracker, Fitbit Alta HR (FBA-HR), to quantify and classify sleep in patients with suspected CDH relative to polysomnography (PSG).

Ability of the Multisensory Jawbone UP3 to Quantify and Classify Sleep in Patients With Suspected Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence: A Comparison Against Polysomnography and Actigraphy.

Study Objectives: To evaluate the ability of a multisensory fitness tracker, the Jawbone UP3 (JB3), to quantify and classify sleep in patients with suspected central disorders of hypersomnolence.

Methods: This study included 43 patients who completed polysomnography (PSG) and a Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) with concurrent wrist-worn JB3 and Actiwatch 2 (AW2) recordings for comparison. Mean differences in nocturnal sleep architecture variables were compared using Bland-Altman analysis.

Utility of the Fitbit Flex to evaluate sleep in major depressive disorder: A comparison against polysomnography and wrist-worn actigraphy.

Background: Sleep disturbance is a common and important component of affective illness. Fitness activity trackers are emerging as alternative means to estimate sleep in psychiatric patients; however, their ability to quantify sleep in mood disorders has not been empirically evaluated. Thus, this study sought to evaluate the utility of the Fitbit Flex (FBF) to estimate sleep in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) relative to gold standard polysomnography (PSG) and a widely-used actigraph (Actiwatch-2; AW-2).

Objective measures of sleep duration and continuity in major depressive disorder with comorbid hypersomnolence: a primary investigation with contiguous systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hypersomnolence plays an important role in the presentation, treatment and course of mood disorders. However, there has been relatively little research that examines objective measures of sleep duration and continuity in patients with depression and hypersomnolence, despite the use of these factors in sleep medicine nosological systems. This study compared total sleep time and efficiency measured by naturalistic actigraphic recordings followed by ad libitum polysomnography (PSG; without prescribed wake time) in 22 patients with major depressive disorder and co-occurring hypersomnolence against age- and sex-matched healthy sleeper controls.

Effects of partial sleep deprivation on slow waves during non-rapid eye movement sleep: A high density EEG investigation.

Objective: Changes in slow waves during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in response to acute total sleep deprivation are well-established measures of sleep homeostasis. This investigation utilized high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) to examine topographic changes in slow waves during repeated partial sleep deprivation.

Methods: Twenty-four participants underwent a 6-day sleep restriction protocol.

The 5α-reductase inhibitor finasteride is not associated with alterations in sleep spindles in men referred for polysomnography.

Objective: Endogenous neurosteroids that potentiate the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA ) receptor are thought to enhance the generation of sleep spindles. This study tested the hypothesis that the 5α-reductase inhibitor finasteride, an agent associated with reductions in neurosteroids, would be associated with reduced sleep spindles in men referred for polysomnography.

Methods: Spectral analysis and spindle waveform detection were performed on electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep data in the 11-16 Hz sigma band, as well as several subranges, from 27 men taking finasteride and 27 matched comparison patients (ages 18 to 81 years).