NephroCheck as a Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.

Background Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) remains a significant complication following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), affecting 22%-30% of patients. This study evaluates the efficacy of NephroCheck, a biomarker-based test measuring insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP2), in predicting postoperative AKI. Methods In this retrospective observational cohort study, 21 patients undergoing isolated CABG were analyzed.

Synergistic Effect of Transmyocardial Revascularization and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Improving Cardiac Function After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a global health burden, contributing to mortality and morbidity. A proportion of patients with CAD suffer from diffuse CAD, where conventional revascularization techniques such as percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) may be insufficient to adequately restore myocardial perfusion. Transmyocardial revascularization (TMR) uses a laser to create microscopic channels in the myocardium, inducing inflammation, angiogenesis, and neovascularization to improve perfusion to ischemic regions.

Prophylactic Left Atrial Appendage Ligation During Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Allows Safe Avoidance of Anticoagulation Regardless of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation.

Background New-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common arrhythmia following cardiac surgery. POAF increases the risk of thromboembolism and stroke, as well as morbidity and mortality more generally. Despite evidence from the landmark PROTECT-AF and PREVAIL trials, left atrial appendage ligation (LAAL) is not routinely performed for thromboembolism prophylaxis in POAF, and anticoagulation remains the standard of care along with dual antiplatelet therapy.

Leveling Up: A Review of Machine Learning Models in the Cardiac ICU.

Machine learning has emerged as a significant tool to augment the medical decision-making process. Studies have steadily accrued detailing algorithms and models designed using machine learning to predict and anticipate pathologic states. The cardiac intensive care unit is an area where anticipation is crucial in the division between life and death.

Human Placental Allograft Membranes: Promising Role in Cardiac Surgery and Repair.

Despite the immense investment in research devoted to cardiovascular diseases, mechanisms of progression and potential treatments, it remains one of the leading causes of death in the world. Cellular based strategies have been explored for decades, having mixed results, while more recently inflammation and its role in healing, regeneration and disease progression has taken center stage. Placental membranes are immune privileged tissues whose native function is acting as a protective barrier during fetal development, a state which fosters regeneration and healing.