Battlefield mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A scoping review.

Background: Casualties of military conflicts suffer a multitude of injuries, and recent research has documented a significant number develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The present study undertakes a scoping review of research on the treatment of ARDS in combat casualties near the battlefield.

Methods: We review the extent of the current ARDS care, from intubation and mechanical ventilation (MV) to the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and how the respective echelons of care across the Military Health System (MHS) are involved in the care of these patients.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Cytology of Deployed Military Personnel With Chronic Respiratory Symptoms From the STAMPEDE III Study.

Introduction: Deployed military personnel may be at risk for developing acute and chronic lung disease. Prior studies of this patient population have revealed that unexplained exertional dyspnea is the most common diagnosis despite an extensive evaluation. There is a concern that an occult disorder may be affecting this population.

Correlation of Impulse Oscillometry with Spirometry in Deployed Military Personnel with Airway Obstruction.

Introduction: Evaluation of chronic respiratory symptoms in deployed military personnel has been conducted at Brooke Army Medical Center as part of the Study of Active Duty Military for Pulmonary Disease Related to Environmental Deployment Exposures III study. Although asthma and airway hyperreactivity have been the most common diagnoses, the clinical findings in these patients may be multifactorial. This study aims to evaluate the utility of impulse oscillometry (IOS) in diagnosing airway obstruction in patients undergoing multiple pulmonary function testing (PFT) studies.

Sulfhemoglobinemia in a 53-Year-Old With a History of Phenazopyridine Misuse.

Sulfhemoglobin is formed by the irreversible bonding of sulfur atoms to the heme molecule. Oxygen is then unable to bind the heme molecule, rendering the hemoglobin molecule unable to carry oxygen. The most common etiology of sulfhemoglobinemia is the use/misuse of sulfur-containing medications such as AZO.

Detection of pneumothorax on ultrasound using artificial intelligence.

Background: Ultrasound (US) for the detection of pneumothorax shows excellent sensitivity in the hands of skilled providers. Artificial intelligence may facilitate the movement of US for pneumothorax into the prehospital setting. The large amount of training data required for conventional neural network methodologies has limited their use in US so far.

Relationship to Deployment on Sarcoidosis Staging and Severity in Military Personnel.

Introduction: Ongoing studies are investigating the potential link between deployment to Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom and relationship to increases in pulmonary disease. While increases in certain diseases such as asthma and airway hyperreactivity are well established, data on other chronic pulmonary diseases such as sarcoidosis have not been defined.

Material And Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of all active duty military personnel diagnosed with sarcoidosis from 2005 to 2010.