Publications by authors named "Jesmond Zahra"

Objective: To review guidance, included in written local UK National Health Service (NHS) organisation policies, on information provision and consent for the introduction of new invasive procedures- including surgeries, and devices (IPs/Ds).

Design: A qualitative documentary analysis of data on patient information provision and consent extracted from policies for the introduction of IP/Ds from NHS organisations in England and Wales.

Setting: NHS trusts in England and health boards in Wales, UK.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study explores how patients are informed about innovative surgical procedures and their uncertain outcomes, highlighting a gap between national guidelines and actual communication practices.
  • Interviews with clinicians indicated a desire to inform patients neutrally, but there were challenges in balancing honesty with the need to avoid distressing patients.
  • Postoperative interviews revealed that many patients misunderstood the experimental nature of these procedures, often believing they were more established than they really were, suggesting a need for better training in patient communication for clinicians.
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Introduction: The development of innovative invasive procedures and devices are essential to improving outcomes in healthcare. However, how these are introduced into practice has not been studied in detail. The Lotus study will follow a wide range of 'case studies' of new procedures and/or devices being introduced into NHS trusts to explore what information is communicated to patients, how procedures are modified over time and how outcomes are selected and reported.

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Objectives: Little is known about how innovative surgical procedures are introduced and discussed with patients. This qualitative study aimed to explore perspectives on information provision and consent prior to innovative surgical procedures.

Design: Qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews.

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Introduction: Rigorous evaluation of innovative invasive procedures and medical devices is uncommon and lacks reporting standardisation. Devices may therefore enter routine practice without thorough evaluation, resulting in patient harm. Detailed guidance on how to select and report outcomes at each stage of evaluation is lacking.

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Introduction: Innovation is key to improving outcomes in healthcare. Innovative pharmaceutical products undergo rigorous phased research evaluation before they are introduced into practice. The introduction of innovative invasive procedures and devices is much less rigorous and phased research, including randomised controlled trials, is not always undertaken.

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Background/aim: To examine the associations between parents' motivation to exercise and intention to engage in family-based activity with their own and their child's physical activity.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from 1067 parent-child pairs (76.1% mother-child); children were aged 5-6 years.

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Background: Few studies have examined parental perceptions of their child's screen-viewing (SV) within the context of parental SV time. This study qualitatively examined parents' perceptions of their 5-6-year-old child's SV within the context of their own quantitatively measured SV.

Methods: A mixed-methods design employed semi-structured telephone interviews, demographic and SV questionnaires, objectively-measured physical activity and sedentary time.

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Objective: Family members have the capacity to influence each other's health behaviours. This study examined whether there were associations in the objectively assessed physical activity and Body Mass Index (BMI) of mothers and fathers.

Methods: Recruitment took place in Bristol (UK) during 2012/13.

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Background: Sedentary time is associated with obesity and is a risk factor for other adverse health outcomes. We examined how sedentary time and screen viewing (SV) behaviours in parents of young children are associated and whether associations differed for weekdays versus weekend days.

Methods: Data were from a cross sectional study (B-ProAct1v) based in Bristol, UK investigating associations between physical activity and SV in children and parents.

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Background: Many children do not meet the recommended levels of physical activity. Parents can influence their children's physical activity in a number of ways but little research has focused on the impact of fathers. The current study aimed to explore how mothers perceived fathers to influence children's physical activity.

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Background: Interventions to increase children's physical activity (PA) have achieved limited success. This may be attributed to inaccurate parental perceptions of their children's PA and a lack of recognition of a need to change activity levels.

Methods: Fifty-three parents participated in semistructured interviews to determine perceptions of child PA.

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Background: Children's screen viewing (SV) is associated with higher levels of childhood obesity. Many children exceed the American Academy of Pediatrics guideline of 2 hours of television (TV) per day. There is limited information about how parenting styles and parental self-efficacy to limit child screen time are associated with children's SV.

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Background: A number of studies have suggested that there is a need to increase the physical activity levels of children. Parents are important influences on children's behaviour. There is a lack of information about whether there are associations between the physical activity levels of young children and their parents.

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Background: Greater time spent screen-viewing (SV) has been linked to adverse health outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine whether parental SV time is associated with child SV time on week and weekend days.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey of 1078 children aged 5-6 and at least 1 parent.

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