The presence of prostate cancer at biopsy is predicted by a number of genetic variants.

Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with an elevated risk of prostate cancer risk. It is not established if they are useful in predicting the presence of prostate cancer at biopsy or if they can be used to define a low-risk group of men. In this study, 4,548 men underwent a prostate biopsy because of an elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA; ≥4 ng/mL) or an abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE).

The G84E mutation in the HOXB13 gene is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer in Poland.

Background: The G84E mutation in the HOXB13 gene has been associated with a high lifetime risk of prostate cancer in North America (about 20-fold). The geographical and ethnic extent of this recurrent allele has not yet been determined.

Methods: We assayed for the presence of the G84E mutation in 3,515 prostate cancer patients and 2,604 controls from Poland and estimated the odds ratio for prostate cancer associated with the allele.

Effect of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogue treatment on a cytokine profile in prostate cancer patients.

The aim of the study was to test serum concentrations of the chosen cytokines in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) treated with an luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogue. We tested interleukin (IL)-2, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon (INF)-gamma in blood at three time points; I - before the injection, II - 10 days and III - 20 days after the injection in 14 men with PCa. Patients had one depot injection of the LHRH analogue monthly.

[Assessment of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine concentrations in bladder cancer patients treated with intravesical BCG instillation].

Unlabelled: Increased 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentration has been proposed as reliable marker of the oxidative DNA damage, and prognostication of urological carcinogenesis, particularly in bladder cancer. Widely accepted method of treatment in early stages of bladder cancer is transurethral electro resection (TURN). Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation is considered to be the therapeutic agent for superficial transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder and has been established as standard therapy in the patients.

[Evaluation of side effects after intrabladder instillations of preparations in patients with superficial bladder carcinoma].

Permanent increase in neoplasm incidence including also bladder neoplasms makes physicians to search for new forms and methods of treatment. Application of new preparations entails in many cases appearance of side effects which are difficult to fight off and thus must be monitored constantly. To avoid complications which in case of BCG application are very burdensome and sometimes dangerous for patient it is necessary to intervene in due time.